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Pandemic Flu Preparedness San Francisco, Date Presenter Title of Presenter Business Name Business Logo Overview 1. Flu - Seasonal Flu - Bird Flu - Pandemic Flu 2. Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Pharmaceutical - Individual - Social Distancing 3. Preparedness - San Francisco - Business - Individuals 4. Response - Reliable information Flu Flu - Flu Virus The flu virus causes an infection of the breathing system. The flu is caused by the influenza virus There are 3 types of influenza virus: A, B, and C Each type of virus also has subtypes. Some influenza A virus subtypes include H1N1, H3, HN2, H5N1. The flu virus is continually changing, and that is why people can catch it more than once Flu - How the Flu Spreads The flu is contagious – it spreads from one person or animal to another The flu spreads through secretions like mucus, saliva, and tiny wet drops caused by coughing, sneezing, or talking. A person can catch the flu by: Breathing in the tiny wet drops Touching something that was recently contaminated with the flu virus and then touching their mouth, nose, or eyes. People can spread the flu shortly before they start feeling sick and several days after they develop symptoms. Types of Flu Seasonal Flu Bird Flu Affects people every fall and winter Affects birds Pandemic Flu New strain of flu that causes severe disease and affects people worldwide Seasonal Flu Who catches the flu? What happens when you have the flu? Most people have had seasonal flu. Every year, 5 to 20% of the population catches the flu during the Fall and Winter. Flu symptoms usually include: fever sore throat headache cough muscle aches extreme tiredness Most people recover after a few days but in the US approximately 36,000 people die each year from complications resulting from seasonal flu. They are usually the elderly, very young, and immunocompromised. What can be done to prevent seasonal flu? Annual flu vaccine is the best way to prevent getting sick. Every year, experts develop a new flu vaccine that specifically matches the latest flu virus. That is why it is important to get a flu vaccine every year. Practice healthy habits that prevent the spread of contagious diseases. Bird (Avian) Flu - H5N1 Virus Animals get the flu too! Experts are worried about one type of bird flu – the H5N1 Virus H5N1 bird flu worries experts because it: Although rare, some people have become infected with this bird flu virus. They usually had very close contact with infected birds. Easily infects fowl and causes severe illness in the birds Has spread throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa Has infected non-bird species Has caused severe disease and death in humans Could mutate into a virus that is easily spread from one person to another. This could lead to a pandemic flu. Even if this virus strain does not mutate, experts believe other bird flu viruses will in the future Pandemic Flu What is a pandemic? • A pandemic is a disease that spreads and affects people around the world. What causes a pandemic flu? For a pandemic flu to exist, a flu virus must be: • So new that nobody has ever had it (therefore nobody is immune and everyone is able to catch it) • Able to spread easily from one person to another • Able to cause significant illness and/or death • Able to infect many people around the world Pandemic Flu Flu pandemics have happened every 10 to 40 years for at least the last 500 years. In the 20th Century, 3 large flu pandemics occurred: Each pandemic strain originated from a bird flu virus Year 1918 Deaths Worldwide ~40 million 1957 1968 ~2 million ~1 million Experts believe another pandemic is inevitable - but they are unable to predict when it will occur. Most likely, it will be impossible to control or stop the arrival of pandemic flu to our region. If a Pandemic Flu Occurs… A pandemic flu will be different from other types of disasters. All areas of the world could be affected. It will last many months – up to 2 years. Many people will be ill. Many people may be absent from work (up to 50%). There may be a shortage of routine supplies and services. Our hospitals and clinics will be stressed and perhaps overwhelmed. The Difference Between Seasonal, Bird, and Pandemic Flu Seasonal Flu Bird Flu Pandemic Flu Every fall & winter All year Every 10 – 50 years Very young Elderly Immunecompromised People who have close contact with sick birds Varies US Deaths ~ 36,000 per year None 36,000 – 500,000 Prevention Vaccination Medicines Use of healthy habits Reduce contact with sick birds Use of healthy habits New vaccine Medicines - unknown Treatment Antiviral medicines Unclear Unknown Frequency People Most Affected Strategies to Prevent or Slow the Spread of Disease Strategies to Prevent or Slow the Spread of Disease Once a pandemic flu gets started it will be impossible to stop. It will take many months to produce vaccines. However, there are many things that can be done to slow the spread of disease and minimize the number of people who get sick until a vaccine is available. These include: • • • Individual Strategies Social Distancing Pharmaceutical Strategies Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Individual Strategies Stay Home When Sick Resting at home when you are sick helps you get better faster. Staying home protects others from getting sick The San Francisco Health Department will likely request that people who are sick stay home and away from others for a certain period of time (e.g., 10 days). This is called home isolation. Wear Protective Equipment The San Francisco Department of Public Health may ask everybody to wear face masks when outside the home. Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Individual Strategies Clean and disinfect commonly touched surfaces: Germs can live on surfaces for up to two days. To kill germs it is important to disinfect – not just clean. You can use an EPA registered disinfectant, bleach solution, or rubbing alcohol. Disinfect commonly touched surfaces like countertops, water faucets, doorknobs, telephones and other areas. Do not share personal items such as: Toothbrushes Unwashed eating utensils Chapstick or lipstick Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Individual Strategies Cover your cough and sneeze If you are ill, the air that comes out of your mouth when coughing or sneezing can contain tiny drops of infected germs. Someone close by, who breathes in your air, or touches a surface that was contaminated by your germs, can become ill. Use a tissue or your shirt sleeve when coughing or sneezing – don’t use your hands. Throw used tissues into a trash can, then wash hands. Limit close contact Flu viruses may be able to travel short distances in the air. When possible stay 6 feet away from others. Use the telephone when possible. Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Individual Strategies Wash your hands often Hands can carry disease. Wash hands with soap and water for 20 seconds (the time it takes to sing happy birthday twice!) or if they don’t look dirty, hand sanitizer can be used. Don't touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands Disinfect your hands before and/or after: • • • • • • • • sneezing or blowing your nose being around someone who is sick using the bathroom preparing and eating food treating a cut or wound changing a diaper helping a child or another person use the bathroom touching another person’s hands Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Social Distancing Postpone large gatherings When many people come together there is more opportunity for disease to spread. People can prevent the spread of disease by limiting activities with large groups. The San Francisco Department of Public Health may request that some events (e.g., parades) be postponed during a pandemic flu. Students may be dismissed from school Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Pharmaceutical Strategies Vaccines A new vaccine will have to be developed against the pandemic flu virus It may take many months to develop and produce limited supplies of the new vaccine A limited supply of flu vaccine (based on the H5N1 virus) has been created and is designated for emergency responders. It is unclear if it will work against a future pandemic flu virus. Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease - Pharmaceutical Strategies - Medicines Doctors sometimes use antiviral medications to treat seasonal flu. But they aren’t always effective. Some flu viruses are resistant. We do not know if medicines will be effective against the pandemic virus Preparedness Preparedness - Pandemic Flu Challenges Experts do not know how a future pandemic flu could act. They do not know: When it will happen How easily it will spread How long sick people will be contagious If symptoms will be like those of seasonal flu Who will be the most at risk How many hospitalizations and deaths will occur If medicines for treatment or prevention will work If existing flu vaccines will be effective Preparedness - San Francisco Health Department The San Francisco Health Department has developed infectious disease emergency response plans that will be activated during a pandemic flu. San Francisco is coordinating plans with partners Bay Area Health Departments San Francisco City Agencies Hospitals Community Organizations Businesses Preparedness - San Francisco Health Department Development of Preparedness Information and Materials Public • Avian and pandemic flu fact sheets • Preparedness tips • Flu home care guide San Francisco government employees • Pandemic flu video training and materials Healthcare • Infection control recommendations • Annual exercises with hospitals Businesses and Organizations • Pandemic Flu Toolkit for Businesses Business Logo Preparedness - BUSINESS NAME - Business Logo Planning activities Pandemic influenza planning team formed Coordination with partners Development of a pandemic flu continuity plan Plan exercised Plan updated with lessons learned from the exercise Employee training held Seasonal flu vaccine day planned Staying informed Business Logo Preparedness Business Logo - Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan - Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan Goals Reduce the spread of the pandemic virus strain among our employees, customers/clients, and partners. Minimize illness among employees and customers/clients. Maintain mission-critical operations and services. Minimize social disruptions and the economic impact of a pandemic. [insert additional objectives as appropriate] Business Logo Preparedness Business Logo - Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan - Activation Procedures Organization and Authority Details Details on how the response will be organized Details on who will be in charge Situation Monitoring and Analysis Goal: Monitor the situation to identify new information and guidance, and to assess the impact of the pandemic flu on the business, partners, and community. • Details Preparedness Business Logo Business Logo - Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan - Communication Strategies Goal: Provide clear, consistent, relevant, truthful, and timely information to: • Employees Details on how information will be shared • Vendors Details on how information will be shared • Clients Details on how information will be shared • Public Details on how information will be shared • [Insert other audiences] Business Logo Preparedness Business Logo - Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan - Infection Control Goal: Safeguard the health of employees, customers, vendors, and the public. • A combination of infection control measures, including heightened hygiene practices, social distancing, and infection control protective equipment and supplies will be utilized to slow the spread of disease. • Details Personnel Management Goal: Ensure that personnel policies support employees during the emergency. Ensure that the necessary personnel and skills are available to support operations. • Details Preparedness Business Logo Business Logo - Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan - Essential Business Operation #1 Insert Goal • Details Essential Business Operation #2 Insert Goal • Details Essential Business Operation #3 Insert Goal • Details Business Logo Preparedness Business Logo - Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan - Logistics Goal: Maintain information and technology systems to support standard and/or new communication needs. • Details Demobilization Goal: Coordinate a smooth transition from emergency response activities to standard (or modified standard) daily operating procedures and evaluate the response • Details Preparedness - Individual Steps Learn about pandemic flu Practice healthy habits that prevent infectious diseases and teach them to your family • • • • • • Wash your hands often Cover your cough and sneeze Get vaccinated Stay home when sick Clean and disinfect commonly used surfaces Avoid sharing personal items Preparedness - Individual Steps Create an emergency kit Make sure that your emergency kit has items that you will need during a pandemic flu – add new items Food and Water 1-2 month supply of non-perishable food 1 week supply of water Medicines 1-2 month supply of prescription medicines 2 month supply of fever medicines (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen) Hygiene and Home Care First Aid Kit Critical papers including lists of medical conditions, medicines, allergies Thermometer (non-mercury) Tissues Soap Hand sanitizer (with at least 60% alcohol content) Bleach (unscented) Face masks (that cover nose and mouth) Gloves Plastic bags for discarding contaminated items Responding to a Pandemic Flu Response In an Emergency Everyone Plays an Important Role Government Businesses maintain essential services, implement infection control, support staff, and lead economic recovery. Business Government provides guidance, issues emergency orders, maintains essential services, and supports the community Individuals People implement infection control strategies and support their community Response Where to Get Reliable Information During a Pandemic Flu The San Francisco Government will provide upto-date information and guidance through: Website (www.sfcdcp.org) Press releases Press conferences Emergency broadcasting radio stations: • KCBS 740 AM, KNBR 680 AM, KSJO 92.3 FM, KGO 810 AM, KQED 88.5 FM Telephone number 311 Business Details Handouts Infectious Disease Prevention Brochure Pandemic Flu Preparedness Brochure Business materials Additional Information Internet resources for updated information: San Francisco: www.sfcdcp.org Business Details