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Pandemic Flu Preparedness
San Francisco, Date
Presenter
Title of Presenter
Business Name
Business Logo
Overview
1.
Flu
- Seasonal Flu
- Bird Flu
- Pandemic Flu
2.
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Pharmaceutical
- Individual
- Social Distancing
3. Preparedness
- San Francisco
- Business
- Individuals
4. Response
- Reliable information
Flu
Flu
- Flu Virus 
The flu virus causes an infection of the breathing
system.

The flu is caused by the influenza virus
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There are 3 types of influenza virus: A, B, and C
Each type of virus also has subtypes. Some
influenza A virus subtypes include H1N1, H3, HN2,
H5N1.
The flu virus is continually changing, and that is
why people can catch it more than once
Flu
- How the Flu Spreads 
The flu is contagious – it spreads from one person
or animal to another

The flu spreads through secretions like mucus,
saliva, and tiny wet drops caused by coughing,
sneezing, or talking. A person can catch the flu by:
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Breathing in the tiny wet drops
Touching something that was recently contaminated with the flu
virus and then touching their mouth, nose, or eyes.
People can spread the flu shortly before they start feeling
sick and several days after they develop symptoms.
Types of Flu
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Seasonal Flu
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Bird Flu
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Affects people every fall and winter
Affects birds
Pandemic Flu

New strain of flu that causes severe disease
and affects people worldwide
Seasonal Flu
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Who catches the flu?
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What happens when you have the flu?
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Most people have had seasonal flu. Every year, 5 to 20% of the population catches
the flu during the Fall and Winter.
Flu symptoms usually include:
 fever
 sore throat
 headache
 cough
 muscle aches
 extreme tiredness
Most people recover after a few days but in the US approximately 36,000 people
die each year from complications resulting from seasonal flu. They are usually the
elderly, very young, and immunocompromised.
What can be done to prevent seasonal flu?

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Annual flu vaccine is the best way to prevent getting sick. Every year, experts
develop a new flu vaccine that specifically matches the latest flu virus. That is why
it is important to get a flu vaccine every year.
Practice healthy habits that prevent the spread of contagious diseases.
Bird (Avian) Flu
- H5N1 Virus Animals get the flu too!

Experts are worried about one type of bird flu – the H5N1 Virus
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H5N1 bird flu worries experts because it:
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Although rare, some people have become infected with this bird flu virus.
They usually had very close contact with infected birds.
Easily infects fowl and causes severe illness in the birds
Has spread throughout Asia, Europe, and Africa
Has infected non-bird species
Has caused severe disease and death in humans
Could mutate into a virus that is easily spread from one person to another.
This could lead to a pandemic flu.
Even if this virus strain does not mutate, experts believe other bird flu
viruses will in the future
Pandemic Flu
 What is a pandemic?
•
A pandemic is a disease that spreads and affects people around
the world.
 What causes a pandemic flu?

For a pandemic flu to exist, a flu virus must be:
• So new that nobody has ever had it (therefore nobody is
immune and everyone is able to catch it)
• Able to spread easily from one person to another
• Able to cause significant illness and/or death
• Able to infect many people around the world
Pandemic Flu

Flu pandemics have happened every 10 to 40 years for at least the
last 500 years. In the 20th Century, 3 large flu pandemics occurred:

Each pandemic strain originated from a bird flu virus
Year
1918
Deaths Worldwide
~40 million
1957
1968
~2 million
~1 million

Experts believe another pandemic is inevitable - but they are unable
to predict when it will occur.

Most likely, it will be impossible to control or stop the arrival of
pandemic flu to our region.
If a Pandemic Flu Occurs…
A pandemic flu will be different from other types of
disasters.
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All areas of the world could be affected.
It will last many months – up to 2 years.
Many people will be ill.
Many people may be absent from work (up to 50%).
There may be a shortage of routine supplies and
services.
Our hospitals and clinics will be stressed and perhaps
overwhelmed.
The Difference Between
Seasonal, Bird, and Pandemic Flu
Seasonal Flu
Bird Flu
Pandemic Flu
Every fall & winter
All year
Every 10 – 50 years
Very young
Elderly
Immunecompromised
People who have
close contact with
sick birds
Varies
US Deaths
~ 36,000 per year
None
36,000 – 500,000
Prevention
Vaccination
Medicines
Use of healthy
habits
Reduce contact with
sick birds
Use of healthy habits
New vaccine
Medicines - unknown
Treatment
Antiviral medicines
Unclear
Unknown
Frequency
People Most
Affected
Strategies to Prevent or Slow
the Spread of Disease
Strategies to Prevent or Slow
the Spread of Disease

Once a pandemic flu gets started it will be impossible
to stop.

It will take many months to produce vaccines.
However, there are many things that can be done to
slow the spread of disease and minimize the number
of people who get sick until a vaccine is available.
These include:
•
•
•
Individual Strategies
Social Distancing
Pharmaceutical Strategies
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Individual Strategies 
Stay Home When Sick
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Resting at home when you are sick helps you get
better faster.
Staying home protects others from getting sick
The San Francisco Health Department will likely
request that people who are sick stay home and
away from others for a certain period of time
(e.g., 10 days). This is called home isolation.
Wear Protective Equipment

The San Francisco Department of Public Health
may ask everybody to wear face masks when
outside the home.
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Individual Strategies 
Clean and disinfect commonly touched
surfaces:
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Germs can live on surfaces for up to two days.
To kill germs it is important to disinfect – not just clean.
You can use an EPA registered disinfectant, bleach
solution, or rubbing alcohol.
Disinfect commonly touched surfaces like countertops,
water faucets, doorknobs, telephones and other areas.
Do not share personal items such as:
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Toothbrushes
Unwashed eating utensils
Chapstick or lipstick
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Individual Strategies 
Cover your cough and sneeze

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If you are ill, the air that comes out of your mouth when
coughing or sneezing can contain tiny drops of infected
germs. Someone close by, who breathes in your air, or
touches a surface that was contaminated by your
germs, can become ill.
Use a tissue or your shirt sleeve when coughing or
sneezing – don’t use your hands.
Throw used tissues into a trash can, then wash hands.
Limit close contact
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Flu viruses may be able to travel short distances in the
air.
When possible stay 6 feet away from others.
Use the telephone when possible.
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Individual Strategies 
Wash your hands often
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Hands can carry disease.
Wash hands with soap and water for 20 seconds
(the time it takes to sing happy birthday twice!) or if
they don’t look dirty, hand sanitizer can be used.
Don't touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with
unwashed hands
Disinfect your hands before and/or after:
•
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sneezing or blowing your nose
being around someone who is sick
using the bathroom
preparing and eating food
treating a cut or wound
changing a diaper
helping a child or another person use the bathroom
touching another person’s hands
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Social Distancing 
Postpone large gatherings
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When many people come together there is
more opportunity for disease to spread.
People can prevent the spread of disease
by limiting activities with large groups.
The San Francisco Department of Public
Health may request that some events (e.g.,
parades) be postponed during a pandemic
flu.
Students may be dismissed from school
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Pharmaceutical Strategies  Vaccines
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A new vaccine will have to be developed
against the pandemic flu virus
It may take many months to develop and
produce limited supplies of the new vaccine
A limited supply of flu vaccine (based on the
H5N1 virus) has been created and is
designated for emergency responders. It is
unclear if it will work against a future
pandemic flu virus.
Strategies to Slow the Spread of Disease
- Pharmaceutical Strategies -
Medicines

Doctors sometimes use antiviral medications
to treat seasonal flu. But they aren’t always
effective. Some flu viruses are resistant. We
do not know if medicines will be effective
against the pandemic virus
Preparedness
Preparedness
- Pandemic Flu Challenges 
Experts do not know how a future pandemic flu
could act. They do not know:
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When it will happen
How easily it will spread
How long sick people will be contagious
If symptoms will be like those of seasonal flu
Who will be the most at risk
How many hospitalizations and deaths will occur
If medicines for treatment or prevention will work
If existing flu vaccines will be effective
Preparedness
- San Francisco Health Department 
The San Francisco Health Department has developed
infectious disease emergency response plans that will be
activated during a pandemic flu.

San Francisco is coordinating plans with partners
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Bay Area Health Departments
San Francisco City Agencies
Hospitals
Community Organizations
Businesses
Preparedness
- San Francisco Health Department 
Development of Preparedness Information and
Materials

Public
• Avian and pandemic flu fact sheets
• Preparedness tips
• Flu home care guide

San Francisco government employees
• Pandemic flu video training and materials

Healthcare
• Infection control recommendations
• Annual exercises with hospitals
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Businesses and Organizations
• Pandemic Flu Toolkit for Businesses
Business
Logo
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Preparedness
- BUSINESS NAME -
Business
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Planning activities
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Pandemic influenza planning team formed
Coordination with partners
Development of a pandemic flu continuity plan
Plan exercised
Plan updated with lessons learned from the exercise
Employee training held
Seasonal flu vaccine day planned
Staying informed
Business
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Preparedness
Business
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- Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan -
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Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan Goals
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Reduce the spread of the pandemic virus strain
among our employees, customers/clients, and
partners.
Minimize illness among employees and
customers/clients.
Maintain mission-critical operations and services.
Minimize social disruptions and the economic impact
of a pandemic.
[insert additional objectives as appropriate]
Business
Logo
Preparedness
Business
Logo
- Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan -
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Activation Procedures
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Organization and Authority
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Details
Details on how the response will be organized
Details on who will be in charge
Situation Monitoring and Analysis
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Goal: Monitor the situation to identify new information
and guidance, and to assess the impact of the pandemic
flu on the business, partners, and community.
• Details
Preparedness
Business
Logo
Business
Logo
- Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan -
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Communication Strategies
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Goal: Provide clear, consistent, relevant, truthful, and
timely information to:
• Employees
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Details on how information will be shared
• Vendors
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Details on how information will be shared
• Clients
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Details on how information will be shared
• Public
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Details on how information will be shared
• [Insert other audiences]
Business
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Preparedness
Business
Logo
- Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan -
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Infection Control
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Goal: Safeguard the health of employees, customers,
vendors, and the public.
• A combination of infection control measures, including
heightened hygiene practices, social distancing, and infection
control protective equipment and supplies will be utilized to slow
the spread of disease.
• Details

Personnel Management
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Goal: Ensure that personnel policies support employees
during the emergency. Ensure that the necessary
personnel and skills are available to support operations.
• Details
Preparedness
Business
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Business
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- Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan -
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Essential Business Operation #1
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Insert Goal
• Details
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Essential Business Operation #2
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Insert Goal
• Details
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Essential Business Operation #3
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Insert Goal
• Details
Business
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Preparedness
Business
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- Business Pandemic Flu Continuity Plan -
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Logistics
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Goal: Maintain information and technology systems to
support standard and/or new communication needs.
• Details
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Demobilization
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Goal: Coordinate a smooth transition from emergency
response activities to standard (or modified standard)
daily operating procedures and evaluate the response
• Details
Preparedness
- Individual Steps 
Learn about pandemic flu
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Practice healthy habits that prevent infectious diseases
and teach them to your family
•
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•
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Wash your hands often
Cover your cough and sneeze
Get vaccinated
Stay home when sick
Clean and disinfect commonly used surfaces
Avoid sharing personal items
Preparedness
- Individual Steps 
Create an emergency kit

Make sure that your emergency kit has items that you will need during a
pandemic flu – add new items
Food and Water
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1-2 month supply of non-perishable food
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1 week supply of water
Medicines
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1-2 month supply of prescription medicines
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2 month supply of fever medicines (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen)
Hygiene and Home Care
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First Aid Kit
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Critical papers including lists of medical conditions, medicines, allergies
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Thermometer (non-mercury)
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Tissues
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Soap
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Hand sanitizer (with at least 60% alcohol content)
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Bleach (unscented)
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Face masks (that cover nose and mouth)
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Gloves
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Plastic bags for discarding contaminated items
Responding to a
Pandemic Flu
Response
In an Emergency Everyone
Plays an Important Role
Government
Businesses maintain essential
services, implement
infection control, support staff,
and lead economic recovery.
Business
Government provides guidance,
issues emergency orders, maintains
essential services, and supports
the community
Individuals
People implement infection
control strategies and
support their community
Response
Where to Get Reliable
Information During a Pandemic Flu

The San Francisco Government will provide upto-date information and guidance through:
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Website (www.sfcdcp.org)
Press releases
Press conferences
Emergency broadcasting radio stations:
• KCBS 740 AM, KNBR 680 AM, KSJO 92.3 FM, KGO 810
AM, KQED 88.5 FM
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Telephone number 311
Business
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Details
Handouts
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Infectious Disease Prevention Brochure
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Pandemic Flu Preparedness Brochure

Business materials
Additional Information
Internet resources for updated
information:
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San Francisco:
www.sfcdcp.org
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Business
Details