Download Verbs - Book Units Teacher

Verbs
What is a verb?
Verbs are words that describe:
– an action
Bill hopped, skipped, and ran down the street.
– a state
Her name is Sally. She has 3 brothers and a
sister. or
–
an occurrence/happening
Snow glistened on the tree tops.
The blackout occurred after midnight.
Helping Verbs
Helping verbs are words that help the
main verb. They have no meaning on their
own. Helping verbs are needed to make
the sentence grammatically correct.
Examples:
Peter is going to town.
Jane would have gone, but she didn’t
have a ride.
Helping Verb Song
(Sung to the tune of Jingle Bells)
Helping Verbs! Helping Verbs! There are 23....
Am, is are! Was and were! Being, been, and be!
Have, has, had! Do, does, did!
Shall, should, will, and would!
There are 5 more helping verbs: may, might,
must, can, and could!
Helping Verbs
may
might
must
be
being
been
am
are
is
was
were
do
does
did
(main)
(main)
should
could
would
have
had
has
(main)
will
can
shall
Practice
Helping Verb
Main Verb
1. Chris has gone to the movie.
has
gone
2. That worker had eaten in a café.
had
eaten
Regular Verbs
Regular verbs will show past tense by
adding –ed.
Today I walk to town.
Yesterday I walked to town.
Present tense is shown by adding –ing.
Right now I am walking to town.
Rules
Some regular verbs vary slightly in spelling, but basically still follow the
pattern.
For example
If a verb ends in a single vowel followed by a single consonant (VC),
and the vowel has a strong stress, the final consonant is doubled
before adding -ed or -ing.
stop – stopped – stopping
OR
If the verb ends in -e, drop the e before adding –ed or -ing.
hope – hoped – hoping
OR
If the verb ends in a consonant plus y (Cy), we change the y to i and
add -es or -ed. In the case of -ing, we do not change the y.
study – studied - studying
Irregular Verbs
Irregular verbs do not follow the rules, and
must be memorized.
On the next 5 slides you will see some
irregular verbs. Don’t worry. You have
heard these your whole life. Most you will
just know.
Present
Past
Past Participle
be
was, were
been
become
became
become
begin
began
begun
blow
blew
blown
break
broke
broken
bring
brought
brought
build
built
built
burst
burst
burst
buy
bought
bought
burst
burst
burst
catch
caught
caught
choose
chose
chosen
come
came
come
cut
cut
cut
deal
dealt
dealt
do
did
done
drink
drank
drunk
Present
Past
Past Participle
drive
drove
driven
eat
ate
eaten
fall
fell
fallen
feed
fed
fed
feel
felt
felt
fight
fought
fought
find
found
found
fly
flew
flown
forbid
forbade
forbidden
forget
forgot
forgotten
forgive
forgave
forgiven
freeze
froze
frozen
get
got
gotten
give
gave
given
go
went
gone
grow
grew
grown
have
had
had
hear
heard
heard
hide
hid
hidden
hold
held
held
hurt
hurt
hurt
keep
kept
kept
know
knew
known
lay
laid
laid
lead
led
led
leave
left
left
let
let
let
lie
lay
lain
lose
lost
lost
make
made
made
meet
met
met
pay
paid
paid
quit
quit
quit
read
read
read
ride
rode
ridden
run
ran
run
say
said
said
see
saw
seen
seek
sought
sought
sell
sold
sold
send
sent
sent
shake
shook
shaken
shine
shone
shone
sing
sang
sung
sit
sat
sat
sleep
slept
slept
speak
spoke
spoken
spend
spent
spent
spring
sprang
sprung
stand
stood
stood
steal
stole
stolen
swim
swam
swum
swing
swung
swung
take
took
taken
teach
taught
taught
tear
tore
torn
tell
told
told
think
thought
thought
throw
threw
thrown
understand
understood
understood
wake
woke (waked)
woken (waked)
wear
wore
worn
win
won
won
write
wrote
written
Practice
1. Past participle of to begin had begun
2. Past participle of to leave had left
1. Past participle of to sit had sat
2. Past participle of to grow had grown
Practice
That toilet has (broke, broken) again.
2. A credit card was (stolen, stole) from his
wallet.
1.
The tomato plant has (grew, grown) very large.
4. Marty had (came, come) to the party early.
5. We could have (swam, swum) for another
hour.
3.
Sit and Set
Sit means “to take a seat or sit
down.”
I want to sit here a while and rest.
Sit in the blue chair.
Set means “to place something.”
Please set this blue chair in that corner.
Set the red cushion on the blue chair.
Lie and Lay
People lie on beds. Dogs lie on people.
Fleas lie on dogs. The people, the dogs,
and the fleas are very still. Lie is a still
verb.
A person picks up a dog and lays it on a
blanket. A pair of tweezers picks a flea off
a dog and lays it outside. A hen lays an
egg. The person, the tweezers, and the
hen are very active. Lay is an active verb.
It implies that somebody is setting or
placing something somewhere.
Lie (to lie down on a bed)
lie, lay, lain, lying
Today I lie in bed.
Yesterday I lay in bed.
Many times I have lain in bed.
Yesterday I was lying in bed all day.
Lying in bed all day is boring.
Lay (to place something, to set
something down)
lay, laid, laid, laying
Today I lay the book on the counter.
Yesterday I laid the book on the counter.
Many times I have laid the book on the
counter.
Yesterday I was laying the book on the
counter when Mom came home.
Laying books on the kitchen counter is
against the rules in my house.
Americans use the words lie and
lay incorrectly so often that your
ear has trouble telling you which
is correct. Here are a few tips to
help you keep these words
straight.
Tip
Remember the verb lay works just
like to say and to pay. Those
verbs are irregular, but they aren’t
confusing.
Today I say that I pay; yesterday I
said that I paid; many times I
have said that I have paid. To lay
works the same. lay, laid, laid
Tip 2
Nobody says that hens lie eggs.
We all get that one correct: hens
lay eggs. Those hens are mighty
busy! Just visualize in your mind
how active and busy those hens
are. Lay is an active, busy word.
When you’re doing something
active (laying down your
backpack, laying a new rug on the
floor), lay is the word you want.
Tip 3
Remember that lie is a quiet word.
Here’s a silly ditty you can use to
remind yourself of that (notice all
the “eye” sounds): At night, I
turn out my light and lie.
Whether it’s on you sofa, on your
beach towel, or on your bed, if
you are quietly reclining, you’re
lying – never laying.
Tip 4
Substitute the word place or the word
put. If the sentence sounds right, lay
is the word you want. If it doesn’t
sound right, lie is the word you want.
Does it sound right to say that you
place the book on the table? Yes, so
it’s correct to say that you lay the
book on the table. Does it sound right
to say you place in your bed at night?
No, so it’s correct to say that you lie in
your bed at night.
Troublesome Verbs
Present
Present
Participle
Past
Past Participle
Future
"to be"
To lie
she lies
she is lying
she lay
she has lain
she will lie
To lay
she lays (it)
She is laying
she laid (it)
she has laid (it)
she will lay (it)
To sit
he sits
he is sitting
he sat
he has sat
he will sit
To set
he sets (it)
he is setting
he set (it)
he has set (it)
he will set (it)
Direct Object
In the next assignment you will be crossing
out prepositional phrases and identifying
direct objects.
Remember
A prepositional phrase will begin with a
preposition and end with a noun or
pronoun.
subject + verb + what? or who? = direct
object
Practice
DO
1. A surfer (lay, laid) his board on the sand.
2. My grandfather (sits, sets) by a stream
during fishing season.
1. Jenny is (laying, lying) in the sun without
a hat.
2. That lady always (sits, sets) in the sun
without a hat.)
Linking Verbs
Linking verbs are words that connect the
subject to additional information about the
subject.
Linking verbs connect the subject to a
predicate noun or predicate adjective.
Examples
George Washington became the first
president.
Paul is nine years old.
Linking Verbs
The most common linking verb is the verb to be.
Other common linking verbs are forms of
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
to become
to seem
to appear
to look
to feel
to sound
to taste
to smell
Practice
PA
1.
The sky is cloudy. cloudy sky
PA
2.
His ring is gold. gold ring
was
__L___ The fudge became sticky. was
2. __L___ The floor behind the stove grew dirty.
3. __A___ I walked to the store.
1.
Practice
is
1. __L___ Our cat seems sick.
was
2. __L___ His idea sounded terrific.
Subject/Verb Agreement
Subjects and verbs must work
together. They must agree. A
verb that ends in a single -s, -es,
or -ies is used with a singular
noun.
Examples
Singular Subject
Singular Verb
Little Bear
bellows
Omri
shares
Fire
glows
Patrick
fixes
A verb that does not end in a
single s, es, or ies is used with a
plural noun.
Examples
Plural Subject
Plural Verb
a cowboy and his horse
bellow
cowboys
share
The two fires
glow
Patrick’s parents
fix
Brain Pop
Watch the Brain Pop movie, then try the
quiz.
http://www.brainpop.com/english/grammar/s
ubjectverbagreement/
Practice
1. A guide (lives, live) in those mountains.
2. Margo (stays, stay) with her grandmother.
1. The dog (bark, barks) throughout the
night.
2. This document (is, are) very important.
Practice
1. His friends (sit, sits) beside me on the
bus.
2. Gold miners (search, searches) for gold
in the Superstition Mountains.
Practice
1. Those trains (travel, travels) through a
tunnel.
DO
2. Some cooks (make, makes) lasagna
without meat.
Verb Tenses
Present, Past, or Future
There are three main verb tenses:
–
–
–
Present
Past
Future
Practice - Page 151
1. Present
Terry rollerskates to his friend’s house.
2. Past
Terry rollerskated with his sister.
3. Future
Tonight, Terry will rollerskate around the
park.
Practice
1. _present__ These girls swim in the
ocean.
2. _future___ Mom will swim twenty laps.
3. _past____ My cousin swam on a high
school team.
Practice
1. Past tense of to decide ___decided___
2. Present tense of to choose _choose,
chooses__