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Journal 2/2/17 What do cells need to survive? Objective To learn how animals get oxygen and nutrients to cells Tonight’s Homework Get vocab definitions for the Circulatory system page Circulatory Systems Cells need energy, nutrients and oxygen to work. As they work, they generate waste materials and gases. Cells need to get their nutrients from somewhere. The job of the circulatory system is to provide a way for every cell to get the nutrients it needs and to get rid of everything it doesn’t. There are 3 kinds of circulatory system: - Diffusion - Open - Closed Circulatory Systems Diffusion If every cell in a creature is right up next to the air or water, we don’t need a circulatory system Each cell can get what it wants and get rid of what it needs on its own. Sponges are made of only 2 layers of cells. An outside and an inside. They have a “skeleton” between the layers. Every cell has access to the water, and it takes care of nutrients and oxygen that way. Circulatory Systems Flatworms and jellyfish work the same way. They’re made of only a few layers of cells, so every cell can get oxygen and nutrients on its own. This system has limitations. You can’t make a very complex creature this way before you have cells that can’t get to the water or air on their own. Outside These in the middle have no way of getting nutrients! ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Inside ● ● ● ● Circulatory Systems This is where blood comes in. The job of blood is to carry nutrients and oxygen to cells, and to carry away that waste. The simplest is the Open Circulatory System In this kind of system, there’s one tube that blood flows through and a simple heart. After blood leaves the tube, it flows freely inside the creature until it finds its way back to the tube. Circulatory Systems Open circulatory systems are less efficient because some blood can deliver nutrients and oxygen and then take a while to get back to the heart. Insects make up for this with their special respiration system (which we’ll get to later). Circulatory Systems Closed Circulatory System In a closed system, blood always stays in tubes. It’s pumped away from the heart to the lungs where it gets fresh oxygen. In most animals, it then comes back to the heart where it gets pumped out to the rest of the body. Circulatory Systems The blood vessels head to literally every cell in your body so the cells can get what they need. Arteries always head away from the heart, veins always head towards the heart. Arteries almost always carry fresh oxygen and have high pressure. Veins almost always carry waste or carbon dioxide and have low pressure. Circulatory Systems Circulatory Systems The job of the circulatory system is to get nutrients and oxygen to each cell and to carry waste away from each cell. Diffusion systems Open systems Closed Systems DIAGRAM Circulatory Vocab: <define each> Diffusion Artery Capillary Vein Pulmonary Circulation Portal Circulation Atrium Ventricle 3 types of circulation Exit Question What is the job of the circulatory system? a) To carry nutrients to cells b) To carry oxygen to cells c) To carry waste away from cells d) A and B e) All of the Above f) None of the above