Download HN English I Name_______________________________ Gerund

HN English I
Gerund and Appositive Test Review
Name_______________________________
Part of
Speech
Definition
Example
Sentence
Helpful Hints
Subject
Gerund PHRASE
acting as part
of speech
The subject is what (or whom) the
sentence is about. The subject
does the verb. To determine the
subject of a sentence, first isolate
the verb and then make a
question by placing "who?" or
"what?" before it -- the answer is
the subject.
A direct object will follow an
action verb. Direct objects can be
nouns, pronouns, phrases, or
clauses. To find the direct object,
locate the subject and verb and
then ask what or who?
When someone [or something]
gets the direct object, that word is
the indirect object.
The audience littered the
theatre floor with torn
wrappings and spilled
popcorn
Swimming in the winter
can boost your immune
system.
The subject does the verb.
She loves flowers.
Jenny hates biting her
fingernails.
Direct objects must have an
action verb.
Jim built his granddaughter
a sandcastle on the beach.
Mrs. Stern gives teaching
all of her energy and time.
Indirect objects must follow
an action verb and precede
a direct object.
When Amanda wore dive
fins to class, everyone
knew that she was
devoted to swimming.
Review your preposition
list!
The last activity before I go
to sleep is brushing my
teeth.
Do not forget verbs that can
be linking or action: appear,
feel, grow, look, prove,
remain, smell, sound, taste,
and turn. If you can
substitute any of the verbs
on this second list with an
equal sign [=] and the
sentence still makes sense,
the verb is almost always
linking.
Direct
Object
Indirect
Object
Object of
the
Preposition
Subject
Complement
Prepositions often begin
prepositional phrases. To
complete the phrase, the
preposition usually teams up with
a noun, pronoun, or gerund (the
object of the preposition).
A subject complement is the
adjective, noun, or pronoun that
follows a linking verb.
Predicate nominative= has the
same value or grammatical weight
as the subject
Predicate adjective= modifies the
subject of the sentence
S=Jim, V= built, DO=
sandcastle, IO=
granddaughter
I ordered fries at the
kitchen counter.
Preposition= at
OOP= kitchen counter
Brandon is a gifted athlete.
Brandon= athlete.
Note: “is” is a linking verb.
Subject complements DO
NOT follow action verbs.
The following verbs are true
linking verbs: any form of the verb
be [am, is, are, was, were, has
been, are being, might have been,
etc.], become, and seem. These
true linking verbs are always
linking verbs.
Practice: Identify the gerund phrase and determine how it is acting in each sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Kayla always gives studying her best effort.
My favorite hobby is kickboxing.
Giving money and time to those who are less fortunate marks a person as generous and compassionate.
I will call you after arriving at the office.
Jeff likes playing tennis.
An appositve is a noun or pronoun placed close to another noun or pronoun to identify that word or provide more
information about it.
An appositive is ESSENTIAL when it is needed to make the meaning of a sentence more clear. Essential appositives are
not set off with commas.
An appositive is NONESSENTIAL when it simply adds information to a sentence whose meaning is already clear.
Practice: Identify the appositive in each sentence and punctuate accordingly.
1. Henry an author whose real name was William Sydney Porter became famous.
2. In his story “One Thousand Dollars,” he presents an interesting dilemma.
3. His friend Bryson sighed when Gillian approached him. (Note: He has many friends)
4. My favorite uncle Howie knows how to get a party started.
Frequently Used Prepositions
about
above
across
after
against
along
amid
among
around
at
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
besides
between
beyond
but
by
concerning
despite
down
during
except
for
from
in
inside
into
like
near
of
off
till
on
to
onto
toward
opposite under
out
underneath
outside
until
over
up
past
upon
since
with
through
within
throughout without