Download Endocrine system – hormones secreted by endocrine glands

Denise Zami
Biology
May 6, 2017
Endocrine System
– Hormones secreted by endocrine glands
Hormones – specialized chemicals produced in one part of the body, which have an
effect on anther part of the body – transported through blood only
Endocrine glands = ductless glands
Antagonistic substances – substances that work in opposition to each other
1) Thyroid –
a) Thyroxin
 Regulates metabolic rate
 Influences growth
 Influences mental development in children
 Controls metamorphosis – change in shape or form from the juvenile to the
adult stage
b) Thyrocalcitonin – lowers blood calcium levels
2) Parathyroid –
 Parathormone – elevates blood calcium levels
3) Pancreas – Islets of Langerhans
a) Insulin – reduces blood glucose by converting the excess into glycogen in the
liver
b) Glucagons – raises blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen
from the liver
4) Adrenals – kidney
I. Cortex – covering – outside
a) Cortisone – anti-inflammatory agent
b) Aldosterone – regulates salt level in the blood and is transported to the kidney
II. Medulla – Adrenalin – epinephrine – emergency hormone
 Increases blood glucose levels
 Increases heart beat
 Increases respiration
“Flight or fight” reaction – how you react to an emergency
5) Testes – testosterone – male secondary sex characteristics
 Growth of body hair
 Deepening of the voice
 Muscular development
 Ability to reproduce
6) Ovaries –
a) Estrogen – female secondary sex characteristics
 Growth of body hair
 Ability to reproduce
 Breast development
 Widening of hips
b) Progesterone –
 Functions in the menstrual cycle
Denise Zami
Biology
May 6, 2017
 Maintains pregnancy
7) Pituitary
a) TSH – Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
b) FSH – Follicle Stimulating Hormone –involved on reproduction
c) LH – Lutianizing Hormone – involved in reproduction
d) ACTH – AdrenoCorticoTropic Hormone – hormone that stimulates the adrenal
cortex
e) GH – Growth Hormone – height
f) ADH – Anti-Diuretic Hormone – (helps retain water) regulates H2O absorption in
the nephron
g) Oxytocin – responsible for uterine contractions – males do not have this hormone