Download rna (ribonucleic acid) - Social Circle City Schools

Ch 10.4 RNA (RIBONUCLEIC
ACID)
Function:
• All traits you have due to proteins of amino acids
• Genes contain “blueprints” to make protein
• Ribosomes are site of protein synthesis
• RNA reads blueprints & makes protein
Structure:
• Single Strand
• Sugar = ribose
• Phosphate group
• Bases = adenine, guanine, cytosine, URACIL (replaces T)
Types:
• mRNA: messenger (carries info to ribosome)
• tRNA: transfer (moves amino acids to ribos)
• rRNA: ribosomal (makes up ribosomes)
Gene Expression:
• Transcription: RNA copy of gene made
• Translation: Proteins made
DNA
RNA
Transcription
PROTEIN
Translation
PRACTICE
DNA = ATCGATAC
Complementary DNA =
TAGCTATG
mRNA =
AUCGAUAC
DNA = TCCGTACG
Complementary DNA =
AGGCATGC
mRNA =
UCCGUACG
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
(TRANSLATION)
The Genetic Code
• Every 3 nucleotides in mRNA code for specific amino acid;
triplet or codon
• Genetic code is universal; same in all orgs
• tRNA anticodon is complementary to mRNA codon; picks
up amino acids
THE GENETIC CODE
mRNA CODONS
Exon – gene that is expressed; coding
portion of dna
Intron – gene that is not expressed; noncoding portion of dna
PRACTICE
What amino acids are coded for by the following mRNA codons?
GUC
Val
CCG
Pro
UAC
Tyr
UCG
Ser
AAA
Lys
GCA
Ala
What are the possible codons for the following series of amino
acids?
Phe – Tyr - Met
UUU UAU AUG
UUC UAC
What are the complementary mRNA codons to the tRNA
anticodons?
UUU
AAA
UGC
ACG
AGA
UCU