Download chapter 5 - Lone Star College

CHAPTER 5
THEFIRST WORLD CIVILIZATION: ROME, CHINA, AND THE
EMERGENCE OF THE SILK ROAD
_____________________________________________________________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
2. The government of Rome
a. was originally established as a representative democracy.
b. contained an element of republicanism from its beginnings.
c. was originally a monarchy but later became a republic.
d. was developed as a monarchy under the Celts.
4. A central aspect of early Roman conquest was that all conquered peoples
a. immediately received Roman citizenship.
b. could do business with Rome.
c. could never intermarry with Romans.
d. had an interest in the success of Rome, since they could improve their status by demonstrating
their loyalty to their conquerors.
6. The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic who were responsible for leading the Roman army
into battle and administering the government were the
a. consuls.
b. praetors.
c. senators.
d. centuriates.
7. The defenders of the plebeians were known as the
a. consuls.
b. praetors.
c. senators.
d. tribunes.
8. The Roman Senate
a. met, in sequence, on each of the seven hills of Rome.
b. was composed of elected representatives chosen by the slaves.
c. had 300 members who were chosen for life.
d. was led by three tribunes and five praetors.
9. Which of the following is a true statement about the centuriate assembly?
a. It prevented the Roman army from functioning in a political role.
b. It had an organizational pattern that assured a majority for its poorest members.
c. It had the responsibilities of electing the chief magistrates and passing legislation.
d. It had the power of declaring war and peace.
1
12. The struggle between the patricians and plebeians in ancient Rome
a. saw patrician dominance reinforced through the office of tribune and the council of plebs.
b. resulted in an increase in patrician power by the extension of the plebiscita as binding on all.
c. became less confrontational when laws were passed permitting plebeians to hold office.
d. resulted in violent confrontations between the two orders that prohibited compromise.
13. The peoples who had the greatest influence upon Republican Rome were the
a. Latins.
b. Etruscans.
c. Greeks.
d. Carthaginians.
15. The Second Punic War
a. saw the eventual victory of Carthage.
b. saw Hannibal invade Italy from Greece.
c. won Spain for Rome and produced Roman control over the western Mediterranean.
d. produced a great victory for the Romans over Hannibal at the battle of Cannae
17. The major stages of Roman imperial expansion before 100 B.C. included
a. the involvement and seizures of the Hellenistic kingdoms in the eastern Mediterranean.
b. seizure of the Atlantic coastline of northwestern Africa to outflank Carthage.
c. the defeat of the Gauls by Sulla and Pompey.
d. only military, not economic considerations.
18. The Roman general who began a new system of military recruitment that made soldiers loyal to their
general and not the Senate, was
a. Marius.
b. Tiberius Gracchus.
c. Crassus.
d. Caesar.
19. Roman slaves
a. never rebelled, due to the fair treatment they received.
b. were never involved in agriculture but only in manufacturing enterprises.
c. staged a number of rebellions, the largest led by Spartacus in 71 B.C.E.
d. made up well over half the population of the empire.
20. The Roman general who returned from Spain as a military hero in 71 B.C.E. was
a. Marius.
b. Sulla.
c. Caesar.
d. Pompey.
2
22. Julius Caesar
a. was a member of the Second Triumvirate.
b. defeated Octavian’s army and obtained the titles of dictator, then dictator for life.
c. saw the need for change and strengthened the Senate’s power.
d. was assassinated by a number of leading senators
24. Octavian
a. was badly defeated by Antony and Cleopatra at Actium in 31 B.C.E.
b. gave up his military authority once he was given the title of Augustus in 27 B.C.E.
c. established the praetorian guard to guard him and his successors.
d. was officially installed as emperor in 21 B.C.E.
25. A development during the period of Julio-Claudian rule was that emperors
a. increased the responsibilities that Augustus had given the senate.
b. acted more openly as real rulers than as “first citizens of the state.”
c. had fewer opportunities to act in an arbitrary and corrupt way.
d. lost power to the revitalized senate and assemblies.
26. Under the reigns of the five “good emperors”
a. the power of the senate increased.
b. nearly a century of chaos consumed Rome.
c. the range of responsibilities that were affected by the policies of the emperors increased.
d. public works construction decreased.
28. As it prospered, the early Roman Empire
a. saw trade and manufacturing become significantly more important than agriculture.
b. eliminated the practice of slavery.
c. saw the development of a large gap between rich and poor.
d. saw the supply of gold and silver coins decrease in the eastern part of the empire.
30. The greatest epic poet of the Late Republic was
a. Livy.
b. Plautus.
c. Catullus.
d. Virgil.
31. In addition to the construction of massive buildings, the Romans also built
a. aqueducts.
b. pyramids.
c. toll roads.
d. skyscrapers.
3
32. Roman jurists were able to provide a systematic framework for Roman law because
a. they came to assume that natural law, or universal law, was based upon reason.
b. the Twelve Tables provided an enduring basis for legislation.
c. the legal interpretation of the praetors maintained legal order.
d. of the universality of the law of nations.
34. The gladiatorial games
a. stimulated the construction of large indoor theaters throughout the empire.
b. required only limited public resources to finance the capture, transport, feeding and disposal of
live and dead participants because many pious Romans made voluntary contributions.
c. diverted the mass of the population from potentially dangerous political or riotous activities.
d. were abolished by Augustus as detrimental to the traditional values of Roman society.
36. Religious groups in the Roman Empire included a
a. large Buddhist population in Asia Minor.
b. number of mystery religions which offered immortality as a result of the sacrificial death of a
savior-god.
c. majority of Jews and Christians by the end of the first century C.E.
d. growing Muslim movement in Upper Egypt.
37. Which of the following were among the Jewish population of Judea?
a. Latians
b. Essenes
c. Mithraists
d. Kuomintang
39. The reason why Jesus was denounced and crucified was that
a. radicals were disappointed because he was so messianic.
b. conservatives saw him as a potential revolutionary who might lead a revolt against Rome.
c. Persian authorities saw him as a revolutionary threat.
d. Samaritans found his ideas offensive.
40. The key figure in the spread of Christianity outside the Jewish community was
a. Peter of Rome.
b. Paul of Tarsus.
c. Jesus.
d. Tiberius.
4
42. Roman antagonism toward Christianity was deepened by
a. Christian rejection of Roman religious practices.
b. the public nature of Christian gatherings.
c. Christian universality as a force for strengthening of public order.
d. the activities of Matthew and Mark.
44. The Roman emperor who redirected imperial energy eastward to the new, second capital was
a. Diocletian.
b. Constantine.
c. Theodosius.
d. Nero.
46. In 410, the Germanic Visigoths
a. captured Constantinople.
b. were defeated by the Huns.
c. invaded Britain.
d. sacked Rome.
48. A fundamental difference between the Roman Empire and China’s Han Empire was that the
a. Roman Empire was based upon manufacturing and the Han Empire upon agriculture.
b. Roman Empire had emperors but the Han Empire was ruled by viceroys.
c. essentials of the Han Empire were replicated by later dynasties but the Roman Empire
disappeared except as an idea.
d. family played a less important role in Han China than in the Roman Empire.
49. The founder of the Han dynasty was
a. Huang Chiau.
b. Liu Bang.
c. Wang Mang.
d. Lie Ch’in.
50. The Han dynasty
a. was unable to enlarge the territorial domain of the Chinese Empire.
b. greatly increased Chinese territorial control to the south and west.
c. incorporated all of Southeast Asia into the Chinese realm.
d. lasted only seventy years.
5