Download What-you-should-know-KA-5-6

Unit 2b: Key Area 5 and 6
What you should know
1. The ______________________________________ is the inner cellular
layer of a blood vessel’s wall that lines the central cavity
(_________________).
2. Arteries carry blood away from the heart at _________ pressure and
their walls are thicker, more muscular and more ________________
than those of _____________ which carry blood back to the heart at
______ pressure.
3. The elasticity of arterial walls enables them to _______________
and recoil in response to the surge of blood that arrives after
each ____________________ of the heart. Veins have _____________ to
prevent backflow of blood.
4. Flow of blood to particular body parts can be controlled by
__________________________
and
vasodilation
of
______________________.
5. When blood is forced through a _________________________ bed, some
plasma passes out through the vessel walls. This liquid, which
bathes the cells, is called _______________. It differs from plasma
in that it contains little or no plasma ____________________.
6. Some
tissue
fluid
returns
to
blood
capillaries
by
____________________; the remainder is absorbed by tiny lymphatic
vessels and becomes __________________.
7. The heart has two upper __________________ called atria and two
lower chambers called ______________________. Deoxygenated blood
returns
to
the
heart
from
the
body
by
the
__________________________; it is pumped by the heart to the lungs
via the ____________________________________. Oxygenated blood
returns
to
the
heart
from
the
lungs
by
the
____________________________; it is pumped by the heart to the body
via the ______________.
8. The
atrio-ventricular
(AV)
valves
in
the
heart
prevent
________________________ of blood from the ventricles to the
___________________. The _________________________ (SL) valves
prevent backflow from the large arteries to the ventricles.
9. Heart
rate
(____________________)
is
the
number
of
____________________ that occurs per minute. ___________ volume is
the volume of blood expelled by each ventricle on contraction.
Cardiac ___________ is the volume of blood pumped out of a
ventricle per minute.
10. A cardiac cycle consists of a period of contraction called
__________________
and
a
period
of
relaxation
called
__________________. During a cardiac cycle two separate heart
____________________
can
be
heard;
each
indicates
the
___________________ of a set of valves.
11. Heartbeat
is
initiated
in
the
heart
itself
by
the
__________________ cells of the __________________ node (pacemaker)
which set it at a certain rate. This rate of heartbeat is then
regulated
by
autonomic
____________________________
and
________________________ control.
12. Impulses from the SAN spread through the atria and are picked up
by the ____________________ node and passed via conducting
___________________ to the ventricular walls which respond by
contracting.
13. The electrical activity of the heart can be displayed on a screen
as an ________________________________.
14. Blood pressure shows a progressive ___________________________ as
blood travels round the ________________________ system.
15. Arterial
blood
pressure
can
be
measured
using
a
_______________________________________.
High
blood
pressure
(_____________________________________) is a major risk factor for
__________________ disease.
o
o
o
o
Aorta
Arterioles
Atria
Atrioventricular
o Autorhythmic
o Backflow
o
o
o
o
Decrease
Diastole
Elastic
Electrocardiogram
o Endothelium
o Fibres
o
o
o
o
o Capillary
o Heartbeats
o Cardiovascul
ar
o Chambers
o Circulatory
o High
o Pulmonary
veins
o Pulse
o Closing
o Contraction
o Hormonal
o Hypertensio
n
o Low
o Lumen
Lymph
Nerves
Osmosis
Output
o Protein
o Pulmonary
arteries
o Semi-lunar
o Sino-atrial
o Sounds
o Sphygmomanom
eter
o
Stretch
o Stroke
o Systole
o Tissue fluid
o Valves
o Vasoconstrict
ion
o Veins
o Vena cava
o Ventricles