Download Unit 1: Nutrition Name: Mrs. Henderson Lifetime Wellness Do Now

Unit 1: Nutrition
Mrs. Henderson
Lifetime Wellness
Name:_________________________________________
Do Now: Answer the following question in complete sentences: How will
Nutritional education help us break cycles?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Guided Notes: The Nutrient Groups
I.
What is a Nutrient?
A. A nutrient is a substance in food that allows bodily processes to
________________________.
B. Put simply, a nutrient is _______________________ for the body.
C. Some examples of bodily processes:_______________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
D. A unit of ________________________ produced by ___________________ is called a
_____________________________.
E. The six classes of nutrients are ____________________________, _______________________,
________________________________________, _______________________________, _______________,
and ____________________________.
II.
Proteins
A. Proteins provide energy for growth, and the _________________________ of body
tissues.
B. Amino Acids: Building blocks of _________________________.
1. Our bodies need ________ amino acids to function properly.
2. Our bodies can produce 11 of these ________________ __________________.
3. The ________ amino acids that your body cannot produce are called
_______________________ amino acids.
4. You must get these essential amino acids from ___________________.
C. Complete Protein
1. Protein that contains all ______________ of the essential amino acids.
2. All complete proteins come from ________________________ sources
except for one, which comes from the _______________________ plant.
3. 5 examples of complete proteins: ______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
D. ________________________________ Protein
1. Protein that does NOT contain all of the essential amino acids
2. Comes from ___________________ sources.
3. 5 examples of incomplete proteins:____________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________.
4. You can get all ________ essential amino acids by eating one food
with ____________________________ protein, or several different foods
with incomplete proteins.
5. Define vegan:____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
6. Define vegetarian:______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
III.
Carbohydrates
A. Nutrient that serves as the main source of _________________________ for the body.
1. Nutrients that include sugars, ______________________________ and
fibers.
2. Nutrients are literally ____________________________ for the body. Just
like cars can’t run without _____________, we can’t run without
_________________________.
3. When you eat, your body breaks the nutrients from your food into
_____________________ so that it can easily be transferred through the
bloodstream to all parts of the body. This sugar is called ___________________.
B. Simple Carbohydrates
1. Simple carbohydrates are made up of __________________________.
2. This means that simple carbohydrates turn into sugar or
_______________________ immediately after they enter the body.
3. That is why simple carbohydrates give you a __________________ burst
of energy that doesn’t last.
4. Most of the ____________________________ food we eat is full of simple
carbohydrates.
5. There are ______ sources for simple carbohydrates that occur in
nature. These are _________________________, ___________________________,
and ___________________________.
C. ______________________________ Carbohydrates
1. Provides the body with _________________ - _____________________ energy.
2. Consist of ________________________ and fibers.
3. Most of your daily calories should come from complex
carbohydrates
4. ______________________
a. Nutrient found in wheat that helps to produce _______________
movements. It is vital for regulating the digestive system.
b. Good sources of fiber include:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
5. Starch
a. Starches are made and stored in __________________________.
b. They _______________________ in the body and convert to longlasting energy. That means you stay full for longer!
c. Starches are high in calories.
d. Good sources of starch include:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________.
6. If you have the choice between a complex carbohydrate with more
calories than a simple carbohydrate with fewer calories, which
should you choose and why? ___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________.
IV.
Fats
A. The body needs fat to store energy, keep us ____________________, and provide
________________________________.
B. Saturated fat
1. Usually _______________________ at room temperature
2. Comes from _____________________________ sources
3. Sources for saturated fat: ______________________________________________
4. ________________________________: fat-like substance found in the body,
but also in food.
C. _________________________________ Fat
1. Usually __________________________ at room temperature
2. Found in _________________________ and fish
D. Hydrogenation
1. A man-made process by which oils are turned into solid, unnatural
fats.
2. Packaged foods are often high in hydrogenated oils.
3. Examples of hydrogenated substances:
____________________________________________________________________________.
E. Which type of fat is the healthiest? _______________________________________________
F. Which should you stay away from all together? _________________________________
G. What problems arise when there is too much fat in the diet? __________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________.
V.
Vitamins
A. Vitamins do not have direct nutritional value by themselves. They simply
___________________ and help the body process the other nutrients: proteins,
____________________, and fats.
B. Vitamin A: Good for eyes, skin, and hair.
C. Vitamin B: Good for ______________ functions.
D. Vitamin C: Good for cell formation.
E. Vitamin D: Helps with bone and _______________ formation
F. Vitamin K: Good for metabolism.
G. In order to get enough vitamins from your food, make sure to eat lots of
___________________________ and _____________________________ fruits and veggies.
H. If you had absolutely no access to natural fruits and veggies, where could you
get your vitamins? ___________________________________________________________________
VI.
Minerals
A. Minerals are nutrients found in food that aid the body in important
__________________________ ____________________________, such as
_____________________________________, metabolism, and digestion.
B. Macro minerals: Needed in _____________________ amounts.
1. _____________________________
a. Essential for the care and maintenance of the
___________________, including teeth.
b. The skeleton is constantly repairing itself chemically, and
calcium is a vital part of that process.
c. Good sources of calcium include leafy greens,
__________________, and ______________________.
2. Magnesium
a. Vital for _________________ replication and energy production.
One of the most important minerals!
b. Used in at least __________ chemical reactions that occur daily
in the body.
c. Sources of Magnesium: leafy greens, nuts, _________________,
whole grains
3. Phosphorus
a. Used for ______________ development and hormone
activations
b. One of the only minerals used by every cell in your body
c. Sources of Phosphorus: dairy, lean meats, _________________
4. __________________________
a. Balances body fluids, regulates blood sugar, controls nerve
impulses
b. While sodium is needed in large amounts, the American
diet is still overwhelmed with sodium. Too much sodium is
very damaging to the ________________________.
c. Because salt _________________________ food, it’s found in most
packaged foods
5. Potassium
a. Regulates heartbeat, produces energy, converts blood sugar
into ___________________________
b. Good sources of potassium: ______________________________,
baked potato skins, raisins and prunes, bran and wheat
C. Micro-Minerals: Needed in ______________________ amounts. Micro minerals are
also called ___________________ minerals.
1. ____________________: Used for blood formation and immune function
2. Fluorine: Used for _______________________ and bone health
3. Iodine: Used for thyroid function
4. In order to get enough micro-minerals, eat plenty of fresh fruits
and veggies! Lean meats work too!
5. What are some examples of lean meats? ______________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
6. What’s the quickest way to tell by LOOKING at a plate of food
whether it is healthy or not? _______________________________________________
VII.
Water
A.
Water is the most important nutrient of all. You can live without all of the
others for months, but without water, you cannot live more than _____
_________________.