Download 10. Use a different colour for each stage of

Unit 1 Review
Name________________________________
Chapter 1.1
1. List five characteristics of living things. Give an example for each characteristic.
2. Identify the following parts of a compound light microscope.
coarse focus knob
compound light microscope
electron micrograph
eyepiece
fine focus knob
light source
magnification power
objective lenses
resolving power
reversed
right side up
upside down
3. Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. You will not need to use all the terms.
a. The _______________________________________ is the microscope usually used in science classes and medical
laboratories.
b. The _______________________________________ is used for viewing and contains a lens that magnifies.
c. The _______________________________________ brings an object into focus at low or medium power.
d. The _______________________________________ brings an object into focus at high power.
e. The _______________________________________ have different magnification power to magnify the object.
f. The _______________________________________ supplies the light needed to view the slide.
g. The ability to distinguish between objects that are very close together is called _______________________________.
h. When you look through a microscope, you will observe an image that is magnified,
____________________________________, and ___________________________________.
4. Match each term on the left with the best descriptor on the right. Each descriptor may be used only once.
Term
a.______ compound light microscope
Descriptor
A. power of the objective lens multiplied by the power of the eyepiece
b.______ objective lenses
B. has two sets of lenses
c.______ eyepiece
C. used for viewing and magnifying the image
d.______ stage
D. ability to distinguish between two objects that are very close to each other
e.______ arm
E. supports the eyepiece
f.______ total magnification
F. have different magnification powers to magnify the object
g.______ resolving power
G. supports the slide
8.Which of the following is not a characteristic of living things?
A.needs energy
B.hunts for food
C.grows
D.reproduces
9.What is the difference between a unicellular and a multicellular organism?
A.size of cells
B.structure of cells
C.shape of cells
D.number of cells
10.Which of the following is not a use of a microscope?
A.magnifies distant objects
B.magnifies objects that are close together
C.magnifies unicellular organisms
D.magnifies cells
11.Which of the following best describes an electron micrograph?
A.a type of electron microscope
B.a camera hooked up to an electron microscope
C.a picture shown on a screen hooked up to an electron microscope
D.a scanning electron microscope
12.If the objective lens is 40×and the eyepiece lens is 10×, what is the total magnification?
A.400×
B.40×
C.10×
D.4×
13.If the objective lens is 10×and the eyepiece lens is 10×, what is the total magnification?
A.10×
B.100×
C.1000×
D.20×
Section 2.2
1. Use the terms in the box to label the parts of an animal cell and a plant cell. Terms may be used more than once.
cell membrane
nucleus
cell wall
chloroplast
vacuole
vacuoles
cytoplasm
mitochondria
Bacteria
cell theory
cell membrane
cell wall
chloroplasts
cytoplasm
viruses
eukaryotic
living thing
mitochondria
organelle
prokaryotic
nucleus
vacuoles
2. Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. Each term may be used only once. You will not need to use all
the terms.
a. A(n) __________________________ is a cell structure in which functions are carried out to ensure the cell’s survival.
b. Each cell is surrounded by a __________________________ that separates the interior of the cell from its
surroundings.
c. Within the cell is a jelly-like substance called __________________________.
d. The __________________________ is the organelle that controls all the activities within the cell.
e. The __________________________ are the energy producers in the cell.
f. __________________________ are temporary storage compartments that sometimes store waste.
g. The __________________________ is a tough, rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and protects the cell.
h. The __________________________ trap the energy from the Sun and change it into chemical energy.
i. Plant and animal cells are examples of __________________________ cells.
j. ________________________ cells are cells that do not have organelles with membranes around them.
k. __________________________ are examples of prokaryotic cells that can cause disease.
l. ______________________ are examples of non-living things that are able to reproduce.
3. True or false? Read the statements given below. If the statement is true, write “T” on the line in front of the
statement. If it is false, write “F” and rewrite the statement to make it true.
a.______ The cell is the basic unit of life.
_____________________________________________________________________________
b.______ All organisms are composed of only one cell.
_____________________________________________________________________________
c.______ Animal cells use chloroplasts to trap the Sun’s energy.
_____________________________________________________________________________
d.______ Prokaryotic cells are cells that are surrounded by a cell wall.
_____________________________________________________________________________
e.______ Eukaryotic cells are cells that are surrounded by a cell membrane.
_____________________________________________________________________________
f.______ Some bacteria cause diseases.
_____________________________________________________________________________
g.______ Viruses are non-living things.
_____________________________________________________________________________
h.______ Bacteria are an example of eukaryotic cells.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Circle the letter of the best answer.
4. Cell membranes are found in
A.plant cells only
B.animal cells only
C.neither plant or animal cells
D.both plant and animal cells
5.Which comparison between plant and animal cells is
correct?
D.II, III, and IV only
7.Which of the following statements is true?
A.A eukaryotic cell has organelles surrounded by
membranes.
B.A prokaryotic cell has organelles surrounded by
membranes.
C.All eukaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell wall.
D.All prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell wall.
8.Bacteria are examples of
A.organelles
B.viruses
C.prokaryotic cells
D.eukaryotic cells
6.Which of the following describes the cell theory?
A.I, II, and III only
B.I, II, and IV only
C.I, III, and IV only
10. Draw a flow chart of the process of cellular respiration.
11. Draw a flow chart of the process of photosynthesis.
9.Plant cells are examples of
A.organelles
B.bacteria
C.prokaryotic cells
D.eukaryotic cell
Section 1.3
Diffusion
concentration osmosis
a selectively permeable membrane
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. Each term may be used as often as necessary.
1.____________________________________________________ refers to the amount of a substance in a given space.
2.______________is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
3.______________________________________allows some materials to pass through it but keeps other materials out.
4._______________________________is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.
5.____________________________________________________ moves wastes from inside a cell to outside a cell.
6.____________________________________________________ can be compared to a window screen.
7.____________________________________________________ happens when water particles move from a place
where their concentration is higher to a place where their concentration is lower.
8.____________________________________________________ is the process by which oxygen is moved into a cell.
9._____________________________________________ is the process by which carbon dioxide is moved out of a cell.
10. Examine the diagrams below. Explain why the plant cell looks different in each illustration.
11. Diffusion is
A.the movement of particles from an area
of low concentration to an area of high concentration
B.the movement of particles to the inside of a cell only
C.the movement of particles from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration
D.when the particles do not move through the cell
membrane at all
12.Osmosis is
A.the movement of water from an area of low
concentration to an area of high concentration
B.the movement of water to the inside of a cell only
C.the movement of water from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration
D.when the water does not move through the cell
membrane at all
13.A selectively permeable membrane
A.keeps substances out of the cell
B.keeps substances in the cell
C.has many small openings
D.allows only water to pass through it
END OF CHAPTER 1
Use the following diagram for questions 14 and 15.
14.In which diagram(s) does water move into and out of
the cell at the same rate?
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.both A and B
15.In which diagram(s) will the cell begin to swell?
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.both A and C
Section 2.1
Draw a flow chart of the organization of living things. For each term, give a definition.
Cell:
brown rice
fish
respiratory
butter
gastric juice
villi
calcium
iron
vitamin C
circulatory
nuts
vitamin D
digestive
oil
energy
pasta
excretory
protein
1.Carbohydrates are the body’s fastest source of _________________________________.
2.Examples of foods containing carbohydrates are ____________________ and ______________________.
3.________________________________________ help build muscles, skin, hair, and nails. Examples of foods containing
this nutrient are _____________________________and ________________________________________.
4.Fats are used to build _______________________ and can be stored by the body for __________________________.
5.Examples of foods containing fats are ________________________ and ____________________________.
6.Two common minerals are ______________________________ and ____________________________.
7.Two common vitamins are __________________________ and _______________________________.
8.The ______________________ system breaks down nutrients, absorbs them, and stores some of them for later use.
9.The ________________________________________ system removes liquid wastes and gas wastes from the body.
10. Name and define the four stages of digestion.
11. Name the four food groups.
12. Name five types of nutrients. Explain what each does for the body.
Section 2.2
brown rice
energy
nuts
villi
butter
excretory
oil
vitamin C
calcium
fish
pasta
vitamin D
circulatory
gastric juice
protein
digestive
iron
respiratory
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. Each term may be used more than once.
You will not need to use every term.
1. Carbohydrates are the body’s fastest source of _________________________________.
2. Examples of foods containing carbohydrates __________________ and __________________.
3. ________________________________________ help build muscles, skin, hair, and nails.
Examples of foods containing this nutrient are _________________and ____________________.
4. Fats are used to build ___________________ and can be stored by the body for ____________.
5. Examples of foods containing fats are ___________________and _________________.
6. Two common minerals are ____________________and ________________________________.
7. Two common vitamins are ____________________and ______________________________.
8. The ________________________system breaks down nutrients, absorbs them, and stores some
of them for later use.
9. The __________________________system removes liquid wastes and gas wastes from the body.
10. Use a different colour for each stage of
digestion. Colour in the areas of the digestive
system where each of the stages occurs. Be sure
to label each section.
11. ______
A. a liquid in the stomach
feces
B. fold-like structures that absorb
12. ______
nutrients in the small intestine
urine
C. mixes with food pieces in the
13. ______ villi
mouth
14. ______
D. undigested material leaves the
gastric juice
body through this
15. ______
E. undigested material stored in
enzymes
the rectum
16. ______
F. proteins that speed up digestion
mucus
G. liquid wastes stored in your
17. ______
bladder
anus
H. kidneys filter liquid wastes from
18. ______
this
blood
I. a thick, slippery substance that
19. ______
protects the lining of the stomach
saliva
J. the liquid food that is broken
20. ______
down into nutrients
nutrients
K. substances that supply energy
24. Iron and calcium are examples of
A. minerals
B. carbohydrates
C. fats
D. vitamins
25. The part of the digestive system in which
undigested material is eliminated includes the
A. rectum and anus
B. pancreas, liver, and gall bladder
C. large intestine
D. none of the above
Circle the letter of the best answer.
21. A nutrient used for quick energy is a
A. protein
B. carbohydrate
C. fat
D. mineral
22. A nutrient used to build cell membranes is a
A. protein
B. carbohydrate
C. fat
D. vitamin
23. A nutrient used to build muscle, skin, hair,
and nails is a
A. protein
B. carbohydrate
C. mineral
D. vitamin
26. The part of the digestive system in which
nutrients are absorbed includes the
A. stomach and esophagus
B. small intestine and large intestine
C. stomach and small intestine
D. all of the above
27. The part of the digestive system that ingests
food is the
A. mouth
B. stomach
C. esophagus
D. all of the above
28. The part of the digestive
system that digests food is the
A. mouth and esophagus
B. stomach
C. small intestine
D. all of the above
Section 2.3
1. Label each part in the diagram. Then use a coloured pencil or pen to trace the flow of blood
in the diagram.
2. Draw a flow chart tracing the pathway of blood through the heart. Start with the vena cava and end at the aorta.
3. Draw a flow chart tracing the flow of blood through vessels of the circulatory system. Include the lungs.
4.
1. ______ respiratory system
2. ______ alveoli
3. ______ capillaries
4. ______ bronchi
5. ______ exhale
6. ______ oxygen
7. ______ bronchioles
8. ______ carbon dioxide
9. ______ inhale
10. ______ change places
A. two air tubes
B. moves from the alveoli into the capillaries
C. made of two lungs and a series of passages
D. moves from the capillaries into the alveoli
E. these surround the alveoli
F. oxygen and carbon dioxide do this in the respiratory system
G. chamber in the heart
H. oxygen enters your body when you do this
I. carbon dioxide leaves your body when you do this
J. small tubes branching from bronchi
K. thin-walled sacs
5. Name the three major types of blood vessel and describe their job.
Circle the letter of the best answer.
1. Blood is transported to the heart through
A. veins
B. arteries
C. capillaries
D. bronchioles
3. The two upper chambers in the heart are
A. the right ventricle and the left ventricle
B. the right atrium and the left atrium
C. the right ventricle and the right atrium
D. the left ventricle and the left atrium
2. Red blood cells
A. carry the oxygen that body cells need
B. carry away waste gas
C. both A and B
D. neither A nor B
4. The heart is a(n)
A. cell
B. tissue
C. organ
D. organ system
5. Oxygen enters your body when you
A. inhale
B. exhale
C. both A and B
D. none of the above
6. Carbon dioxide leaves your body when you
A. inhale
B. exhale
C. both A and B
D. none of the above
END OF CHAPTER 2
7. The left ventricle sends oxygen-rich blood
A. from the lungs to the heart
B. to the two lungs
C. from the veins into the right atrium
D. to the whole body through the arteries
Chapter 3.1
acquired
immune
antibodies
infectious
antigens
innate
active immunity
pathogens
bacteria
second
first
white blood cells
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. You will not need to use every term.
1. Organisms, such as some bacteria, and substances, such as viruses, that cause disease are called
___________________________________________.
2. _______________________________________ diseases can be passed to other people.
3. The ______________________________________ system is the body’s defence system.
4. The immune system’s ________________________________ line of defence against infectious diseases includes the
skin.
5. The immune system’s ______________________________________________ line of defence includes two types of
immune response.
6. ____________________________ are carried in the blood to fight infections in the body.
7. All living things are born with a(n) _____________________________ immune response.
8. Non-living substances that are foreign to the body and trigger an immune response are called
_______________________________________________.
9. In the first process of an acquired immune response, B cells make substances called
________________________________________ that bind to antigens.
10. All acquired immune responses help give you ___________________________________.
11. List the four ways diseases can be passed on to people. For each, give an example.
12. List what things happens in the body when there is an innate immune response.
13. Name and describe the four stages in the acquired immune response.
1.________________________
2. _______________________
3._______________________________
4. __________________________
14.
15. Pathogens are kept out of your respiratory system by
A. mucus
B. sweat
C. oils on your skin
D. gastric juice
16. Pathogens on the skin can be killed by
A. sweat
B. oils on your skin
C. A and B
D. neither A nor B
17. The body’s second line of defence is to
A. attack pathogens
B. recognize pathogens
C. keep pathogens out of the body
D. wait a week to develop a response to pathogens
18. Why are white blood cells sent to the part of the body that
is infected by pathogens?
A. to heal the infection
B. to supply blood to the infected area
C. to provide immunity
D. to destroy the pathogens
19. What are the two types of immune response?
A. first line and second line
B. innate and acquired
C. pathogen and antigen
D. direct and indirect
20. What is the role of antibodies?
A. I, II, and III only
B. II, III, and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IV
21. The role of helper T cells is
A. find antigens and signal B cells to produce antibodies
B. wipe out antigens and pathogens on their own
C. both A and B
D. neither A nor B
Section 3.2
AIDS
B cells
live
allergy
allergen
bodily fluids dead
memory
vaccine
allergic reaction
helper T cells
antibodies
histamine
antigens
HIV
antihistamine
killer T cells
Use the terms in the vocabulary box to fill in the blanks. Use each term only once. You will not
have to use every term.
1. A(n) __________________________ is a weakened or ____________________________
form of a disease pathogen that is given to a person by needle or by mouth.
2. Once the vaccine is in the body, the immune system makes ______________________
against the ________________________________ in the vaccine.
3. Antibodies made to fight the dead form of a pathogen will defend you if you are
exposed to the ________________________________________ form of the pathogen.
4. Sometimes, you are given additional vaccines later in life to help extend the immune
system’s ___________________________________________________ for that antigen.
5. If your immune system is too sensitive you may have a(n) _______________________
to a substance, such as dust or mould.
6. In a(n)__________________________________, the immune system releases a chemical
called______________________________________ to combat allergens.
7. A(n) ______________________________ drug can help reduce the effects of histamine.
8. Any substance that causes an allergic reaction is called a(n) ___________________.
9. AIDS is caused by a dangerous pathogen called ___________________ which attacks
the ______________________________________.
10. Without the helper T cells, the body cannot trigger the action of the
___________________________________ or the ___________________________________.
Read the statements about your immune system given below. If the statement is true, write “T” on the line in front of
the statement. If it is false, write “F” and rewrite the statement to make it a true statement.
11. _____ If you have already been vaccinated, you do not need to be vaccinated again.
_____________________________________________________________________________
12. _____ HIV is transmitted only by semen.
_____________________________________________________________________________
13. _____ A vaccine is a live form of a disease pathogen.
_____________________________________________________________________________
14. _____ An antigen causes an allergic reaction.
_____________________________________________________________________________
15. _____ Histamine makes the nose run and the eyes water.
_____________________________________________________________________________
16. _____ AIDS is caused by a bacteria called HIV.
_____________________________________________________________________________
17. _____ There is no known cure for AIDS.
_____________________________________________________________________________
18. _____ HIV attacks the helper T cells.
_____________________________________________________________________________
19.
20. As of 2006, all Grade 9 students in British
Columbia receive booster shots for
A. tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis
B. tetanus, diphtheria, and smallpox
C. tetanus, smallpox, and pertussis
D. polio, smallpox, and diphtheria
21. A vaccine works by stimulating your immune
system to
A. produce more antigens
B. reduce the number of T cells
C. reduce the number of B cells
D. produce more antibodies
22. HIV is not transmitted by
A. blood
B. semen
C. dirty needles
D. shaking hands
23. AIDS is caused by
A. bacteria
B. virus
C. semen
D. blood
24. How can you take care of your immune system?
A. I, II, and III only
B. II, III, and IV only
C. I, III, and IV only
D. I, II, III, and IV
25. In a severe allergic reaction
A. a person may have great trouble breathing
B. the immune system needs to make more antibodies
C. a person could die from infection
D. the immune system cannot trigger the B cells
26. HIV attacks
A. the helper T cells
B. the killer T cells
C. the blood
D. the semen