Download WG3200 Unit 1 Term Sheet File

Unit 1 Terms Assignment – Land and Water Forms
____________ - the natural and human features of the Earth’s surface.
____________ - the height of a particular point of land above sea level.
____________ - the change in elevation over a given distance.
____________ - areas of high relief with elevations no higher than 300-600 m.
____________ - areas of high relief with elevations higher than 300-600 m.
____________ - a level tract of land
____________ - an extensive, relatively flat upland area.
____________ - an upland area formed by the buckling of the earth’s crust.
____________ - an arch-like upfold in buckled, bent, or contorted rock.
____________ - a downfold of rock layers.
____________ - a fault in which rocks have moved down the slope of a fault.
____________ - formed when two normal faults occur parallel to each, with the
plate in-between dropping down as plates move away from each other.
____________ - land between two parallel faults rise to form this.
____________ - fault where movement is up, rather than down, the face over
which movement occurs.
____________ - a force pushing into a part of the earth’s crust, causing it to
buckle.
____________ - a stretching force in the earth’s surface which may cause
faulting.
____________ - liquid rock.
____________ - small molten rock fragments.
____________ - single opening through which the volcanic products erupt.
____________ - these type of volcanic eruptions have thin, liquid lava flows and
small amounts of gas.
____________ - these types of volcanic eruptions have thick lava flows and large
quantities of gas, ash and cinders.
____________ - this type of volcanic cone is symmetrical, has steep sides and a
large crater.
____________ - this type of volcanic cone has broad, flat cones; very thing liquid
lavas; usually milder eruption.
____________ - this type of volcanic cone has layers of ash and cinder
intermixed with layers of lava and undergoes periods of both explosive and quiet
activity.
__________ - the breakdown of rock and minerals.
____________ - this process starts with the breakdown of land, includes the
movement of these weathered materials and then the deposition of the material as
it is dropped in a new location.
____________ - refers to the wearing down or smoothing off of land features.
_________________ - this type of weathering is the breakdown of rock and
minerals by mechanical stress.
_________________ - this type of weathering breaks down rock with chemical
reactions often including water.
_____________ - physical weathering that involves the expansion of freezing
water that causes rocks to crack.
____________ - physical weathering that involves rocks expanding and
subsequently fracturing.
____________ - physical weathering that involves the expansion of rock due to
root growth.
____________ - physical weathering that involves tunnelling animals increasing
the size of existing cracks.
____________ - physical weathering that involves the release of internal
pressure from certain rocks, causing layers to split and fall off.
____________ - chemical weathering involving carbonic acid reacting with
silicates in some rocks leaving a soft clay from which potassium, sodium and
magnesium are subsequently leached.
____________ - chemical weathering involving the reaction of metallic minerals
to oxygen (mainly in water). Rust is an example of this.
____________ - in this stage a river tends to have a steep slope, small volume of
water, rapid flow of water, and very rapid vertical erosion.
____________ - in this stage a river tends to have most of its high relief eroded,
gentle slope, many well developed tributaries, broad flat river valley, and more
lateral erosion than vertical.
____________ - in this stage a river has almost no slope, very little relief,
elaborate meandering, oxbow lakes, and is very muddy due to its slow speed.
____________ - this delta is fan shaped. An example is the Nile Delta.
____________ - this delta has long fingers of sediment reaching into the sea. An
example is the Mississippi Delta.
____________ - this delta is formed when a river runs into a bay or estuary. An
example is the Seine River Delta.
____________ - this type of glacier is a mass of ice, situated over most of a
continent, which may be moving, or has moved, overland.
____________ - this type of glacier is a mass of ice, situated on an upland, which
may be moving, or has moved, overland.
____________ - melt water flowing from a glacier deposits silt like river deltas.
___________ - type of moraine that marks the end of the forward motion of a
glacier.
____________ - large boulders that were transported long distances and
dropped. Glacier feature.
____________ - egg shaped hill formed under glaciers. Sloped or pointed end
points in the direction of ice flow.
____________ - long deposits of eroded glacial material formed by sub-glacial
streams.
____________ - a circular hollow cut into bedrock during alpine glaciation.
____________ - steep knife-edged ridge between two cirques in a mountainous
region.
____________ - a high level tributary valley from which the ground falls sharply
to the level of the lower, main valley. Alpine glacier feature.
____________ - a moraine that is deposited at the side of the glacier.
____________ - glacial valley that has been filled by sea water after the glacier
melts. They are very common in Norway.
____________ - the action of the wind removing material from a surface and
lowering that surface.
____________ - the grinding away of bedrock by fragments of rock incorporated
in ice, water, or wind.
____________ - a level, rocky desert that has been smoothed by abrasion.
____________ - an arid, sandy desert. Depositional feature.
____________ - a hill or ridge of sand sorted and accumulated by wind action.
____________ - a sand dune formed with the horns pointing downwind.
____________ - any unconsolidated, non-stratified soil composed primarily of
silt-sized particles.
____________ - the protrusions of land that extend the farthest out into wave
action.
____________ - a ridge of sand running away from the coast, usually with a
curved seaward end.
____________ - a ridge of mud, sand or silt extending across a bay.
____________ - accumulation of sediment deposited by waves and longshore
drift along the shore of a bay.
____________ - A large, natural hollow in a headland caused by wave erosion.
____________ - The feature which results when two caves occurring on either
side of a headland are cut until they meet.
____________ - An isolated pillar of rock standing up from the sea bed close to
the shore.