Download Cell Assessment REVIEW 2016

Cell Division Test Review
STATION 1
1. Starting with a single body cell, after
three divisions, how many cells would be
produced? ANSWER: 8
2. Mitosis allows organisms to repair
themselves by
ANSWER: Making new skin cells identical
to the original where the cut in the skin
was made.
STATION 1
3. Which of the following is true concerning
cancer cells?
ANSWER: They result from loss of cell cycle
control.
4. A drug called colchicine is used to stop cell
division. It works by interfering with the
formation of the spindle fiber. If cells are
given colchicine, given the stages below,
when will mitosis be stopped?
ANSWER: Metaphase
STATION 1
5. In the human species, all somatic cells have
46 chromosomes. Which of the following can
also be true?
ANSWER: All gametes cells in humans have 23
chromosomes.
STATION 2
6. How does the sexual life cycle (Meiosis)
increase the genetic variation in a species?
ANSWER: By the process of crossing-over.
7. Observe the karyotype below. What can
be concluded about this person?
ANSWER: Normal Male
STATION 2
8. Observe the
figure below. The
type of cells
represented by the
letter B in the
figure are haploid.
9. The type of cell
found in the zygote
in the figure is
diploid.
STATION 2
10. Consider the cell labeled X in the figure
below containing 4 chromosomes. Which of the
four cells (A,B,C or D) below it represents a
healthy gamete that could be produced from
this cell?
ANSWER:
A
STATION 3
** 11. Mitosis is a type of cell division needed to
create body cells for Eukaryotes. Mitosis is the
division of the nucleus. It is divided into 4 phases. In
Prophase, the first phase, the chromosomes
become visible and the nuclear membrane breaks
down. In the second phase, Metaphase, the
chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. In
the third phase, Anaphase, the chromosomes
separate and move towards opposite ends of the
cell. In the final phase, Telophase, the
chromosomes reach each end of the cell and a
nuclear membrane reforms around each of the
chromosomes.
STATION 4
12.
Haploid means having 1 set of chromosomes. Gametes
(sex cells/sperm/egg) are the only cells in the human
body that are haploid. Gametes are haploid or contain
only 23 chromosomes because when a sperm and egg
unite (23+23=46), each of their sets of chromosomes
combine to form a diploid zygote (fertilized cell).
Diploid means having 2 sets of chromosomes. Somatic
(body) cells are diploid. They are diploid because a
haploid sperm (23) and haploid egg (23) combine to form
a diploid body cell with 46 chromosomes.
STATION 5
13.
STATION 6
14. Cancer is caused by an error in the cell cycle.
The proteins that regulate cell growth and
division are coded for by genes. If a mutation
occurs in one of these genes, the proteins may
not function properly. Cell growth and division
may be disrupted as a result. Such a disruption
could lead to cancer, the uncontrolled growth of
cells.
STATION 7
• ** 15. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus. The function of
Mitosis/cell division is for growth, repair and development.
Mitosis has four phases (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and
Telophase). In prophase, chromosomes become visible. In
metaphase, the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.
In anaphase, the chromosomes separate and move to opposite
ends of the cell. In telophase, the chromosomes reach opposite
ends of the cell and the nuclear membrane reforms. The type
of cells that undergo Mitosis are somatic (body) cells. Mitosis
happens in every cell in the body except for the sex cells. There
are two daughter cells produced at the end of Mitosis and they
are identical to the parent cell. The daughter cells have the
same number of chromosomes as the parent (in humans the
number is 46) making them diploid. The nucleus divides once
during mitosis.
STATION 7
#15 continued…
The function of Meiosis is to create gametes. In Meiosis I,
one cell divides into two. During Prophase I, genetic
material is exchanged between chromosomes creating
genetic variation. This is called crossing-over. In Meiosis II,
two cells divide into four. The type of cells that undergo
Meiosis are gametes (sex cells/sperm/egg). Meiosis
happens in the testes of males and ovaries of females.
Four different daughter cells are produced at the end of
Meiosis. Each daughter cell has half the number of
chromosomes (in humans 23 chromosomes) making
them haploid. The nucleus divides twice during meiosis.
STATION 7
#15 continued…
Mitosis and Meiosis have many similarities. They
are both types of cell division in eukaryotes.
Interphase (G1, S, G2) occur the same before
Mitosis and Meiosis. Cytokinesis occurs the
same after Mitosis and Meiosis. Both have the
same phases (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase
and Telophase).