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Physics Chapter 2: Key words to understand There are lots of new key terms that you need to make sure you understand in preparation for your exam. It’s really important that you recognise what each of the words mean and are able to use them correctly in a sentence. This will help you to explain ideas scientifically and ensure you pick up important marks in your exam. Some tips for learning science vocabulary. Tip 1 -Play some games with the keywords You could play hangman with your friends or family using the words you need to learn. Make sure you explain what the word means when they have guessed it. You could play Pictionary for some of the energy types or renewable energy sources. Ask someone to draw you a picture for one of these terms and see if you can guess which one they are drawing. You could make a puzzle such as a crossword or a key word wordsearch http://www.armoredpenguin.com/crossword/ Tip 2 – Use flash cards Write out the key word and the definition on separate cards, mix them up and see if you can match the keyword with the correct description. Write the keyword on one side and the definition on the other. Look at the keyword side and see if you can remember the definition or read the definition and try to remember the keyword. Turn the card over to check, or ask someone else to read them out to you. See if you can sort the keywords into groups of similar words. For example, you could group together all the words that give a different type of energy. Try to explain why you have grouped them together to a friend or family member. Tip 3 – Spelling strategies Use the spelling strategies that you talk about in tutor time to help with any words that you find difficult to spell. Break it into sounds Break it into syllables Break it into word parts Use a mnemonic Refer to word in the same family Say it as it sounds Words within words Make connections between words Think about the meaning of words Apply spelling rules Learn by sight (d-i-a-r-y) (re-mem-ber, con-tin-ent) (dis+satisfy) (necessary—one collar, two sleeves, rhythm has your two hips moving) (muscle—muscular) (Wed-nes-day) (Parliament—I AM parliament, GUM in argument) (bright, light, night, etc) (bi+cycle = two+wheels) (writing, written) (look—cover—write—check) Lesson 1:- Charging up Atom Attract Current Electric Charge Electric Field Electron Lightning Negative Neutral Neutron Positive Proton Repel A neutral particle, everything is made of atoms Be pulled together The flow of electrical charge (electrons around a complete circuit per second) A property of a material (or particle) which can be positive or negative A region where a charge material or particle experiences a force A negatively charged particle found in atoms. Electrons move through a wire when a current flows A current through the air which produces light and sound The charge on an electron, or a material which has had electrons transferred to it Describes and object or particle which has no charge, or on which positive and negative charges cancel out, giving no overall charge. A neutral particle found in atoms The charge of a proton, or the charge of a material which has had electrons transferred from it. A positively charged particle found in atoms Be pushed away from each other Lesson 2:- Circuits and Current Ammeter Amps Battery Cell Current Motor Switch A device for measuring electrical current in a circuit Units of measurement for measuring electrical current. (symbol A) Two or more electrical cells joined together. A chemical store of energy which provides the push that moves charges around a circuit The flow of electrical charge (electrons) around a complete circuit per second A component or machine which spins when current passes through it A component which controls the current by making or breaking the circuit. Lesson 3:- Potential Difference Potential difference Rating Voltage Voltmeter Volts A measure of the push of a cell or battery, or the energy that the cell or battery can supply The value of potential difference at which a cell or battery opperates A measure of the strength of a cell or battery used to send a current round a circuit A device for measuring voltage A unit of measurement of voltage (unit V) Lesson 4:- Parallel and series Parallel Series A circuit on which there are two or more paths or branches for the current. A circuit in which components are joined in a single loop Lesson 5:- Resistance Conductor Insulator Ohms Resistance Material which conducts charge or energy well such as metal or graphite A material which does not conduct electricity or energy well The units of resistance How difficult it is for current to flow through a component in a circuit. Lesson 6:- Magnets and Magnetic fields Magnetic field Magnetic field lines Magnetic material North pole South Pole A region in which there is force on a magnet, or magnetic material Imaginary lines which she the direction of the force on a magnetic material A material which is attracted to a magnet such as iron, steel, nickel or cobalt The pole of the magnet which points towards north The pole of the magnet which points towards the south Lesson 7 :- Electromagnets Core Electromagnet Magnetise A rod of magnetic material placed inside a coil to make the magnetic field of an electromagnet stronger A temporary magnet produced using electric current Make into a magnet Lesson 8:- Using Electromagnets Relay Electrical device which uses current flowing through it in one circuit to switch on and of a current in a second circuit.