Download Blank Plant Packet

Name: ________________________
Period: _____
Plant Systems & Interactions
PLANTS ARE LIVING ORGANISMS.
PLANTS HAVE CERTAIN UNIQUE STRUCTURES THAT PERFORM
SPECIFIC JOBS TO MAINTAIN LIFE AND GROWTH.
THIS IS BOTANY – A STUDY OF PLANTS.
You will use the PowerPoint on my Webpage to access all the information needed.
Or
You will use the following book link to complete all the Sections.
This packet consist of Fill-in-Notes, Drawing, Labs, Activities and etc….
Book Link
This packet is due:
Check when
completed
March 3rd
Section(s)
Cover Page (Title, Name, Period, 4 color illustrations and
typed)
Vocabulary
Section 22-1 Introduction to Plants
Section 22-2 Bryophytes
Section 22-3 Seedless Vascular Plants
Section 22-4 Seed Plants
Section 22-5 Angiosperms-Flowering Plants
Section 23-1 Specialized Tissues in Plants
Section 23-2 Roots
Section 23-3 Stems
Section 23-4 Leaves & Energy
Section 23-5 Transport in plants
Section 24-1 Reproduction with cones and flowers
Section 24-2 Seed Development and Germination
Chapter 25 Plant responses and adaptations
Flower Dissection
INSTRUCTIONS:
A. Keep track of this paper and refer to it often.
(The grading Rubric in on the back)
B. As instructed by your teacher, complete each section.
If you do not finish part of a section, then come to tutoring or finish it at home.
C. Carefully follow all directions given in each section, each lab and station activity.
D. Color all required drawing and pictures
E. Design a front cover include a title, you full name, period, at least 4 color illustrations and it must
be typed
F. When you have completed the packet make sure all the papers are stapled in the correct order with
the cover sheet attached to the front.
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Name: ________________________
Period: _____
Rubric
Read the instructions for each section carefully!! You will receive 8 daily grades
(1 for each section), 1 lab grade (Flower Dissection), and then all of these grades will be averaged together to
give you a PROJECT GRADE. All drawings/diagrams that should be colored and labeled are worth 5 points each.
All other questions are worth 3 points each. The vocabulary is worth 2.5 points
Section(s)
Possible
Points
Cover Page: (Title, Name, Period, 4 color illustrations and typed)
100
Vocabulary (In current textbook)
100
Section
Section
Section
Section
100
22-1
22-2
22-3
22-4
Introduction to Plants
Bryophytes
Seedless Vascular Plants
Seed Plants
Section 22-5 Angiosperms-Flowering Plants
100
Section 23-1 Specialized Tissues in Plants
Section 23-2 Roots
Section 23-3 Stems
100
Section 23-4 Leaves & Energy
100
Section 23-5 Transport in plants
Section 24-1 Reproduction with cones and flowers
Section 24-2 Seed Development and Germination
100
Chapter 25 Plant responses and adaptations
100
Flower Dissection Lab
100
Project Grade
100
2
Points
Earned
Plant Vocabulary
Word
Definition
1. Stomata
2. Vascular Tissue
3. Vascular Plant
4. Nonvascular Plant
5. Seed
6. Rhizome
7. Sporangium
8. Cotyledon
9. Cone
10. Annual
11. Biennial
12. Perennial
13. Meristem
14. Vascular Cambium
15. Cork Cambium
16. Epidermis
17. Guard Cell
18. Xylem
19. Phloem
20. Root Cap
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21. Cortex
22. Endodermis
23. Palisade Mesophyll
24. Spongy Mesophyll
25. Transpiration
26. Auxin
27. Gibberellins
28. Ethylene
29. Cytokinin
30. Tropism
31. Sepals
32. Petals
33. Stamen
34. Pistil
35. Photoperiodism
36. Endosperm
37. Seed Coat
38. Germination
39. Radicle
40. Dormancy
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Introduction to Plants 22-1 (p.551)
1. What is a plant?
2. What pigments do plants use to carry out photosynthesis?
What Plants Need to Survive (p.552)
3. Explain each of the 4 things that plants need to survive and why?
A.
B.
C.
D.
4. Life Cycle of a Plant (Figure 22-2) (pg. 552) Draw, label and color.
5. Cladogram of Plant Kingdom (Figure 22-6) (pg.554) Draw, label and color.
7. The great majority of plants alive today are _________________________________.
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Bryophytes Chap. 22-2 (pg.556-557)
1. Mosses do not have true roots, instead they have _____________________, which are long, thin cells that
________________________________________________________________________________________
Seedless Vascular Plants Chap. 22-3
(p.560)
2. What is vascular tissue? ___________________________________________________________________
3. Complete the table about vascular tissue.
Type of Tissue
Function
Xylem
Phloem
(p.561)
4. Complete the table about plant structures.
Structure
Description
Roots
Leaves
Stems
(p.562)
5. What are rhizomes? ______________________________________________________________________
Seed Plants Chap. 22-4 (pg. 564-565)
► Do all plants produce seeds? ________ ◄
6. What are 3 features that allow seed plants to reproduce without water?
▪ ______________________________________________________
▪ ______________________________________________________
▪ ______________________________________________________
7. Define cone. ____________________________________________________________________________
8. What is a flower? ________________________________________________________________________
9. What is a pollen grain? ____________________________________________________________________
10. Describe pollination. ______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
11. What does the seed coat do for the seed? _______________________________________
12. A seed is an __________________________ that is encased in a ________________ and surrounded by a
________________.
13. What is an embryo? _________________________________________
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Angiosperms – Flowering Plants Chap. 22-5 (pg.569)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Angiosperms are members of the phylum ___________________________.
Angiosperms have unique reproductive organs known as _____________________.
In flowering plants, the seed is encased in a ______________________.
What is a fruit? ________________________________________________________________________
5.
Get Card Sort From Ms. McKinney.
Using Figure 22-25 on p.570 to arrange the
characteristic of Monocot and Dicot in the card sort then draw, color and fill in the characteristics in each
box in the table.
Characteristics of Monocots & Dicots
Monocots
Dicots
Seeds
Leaves
Flowers
Stems
Roots
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Go to LAB
TABLE 1:
Type of leaf
Monocot
Observe the Leaves and draw and color an example of each.
Drawing
Dicot
Simple
Compound
6. Plant cells undergo photosynthesis. Which organelle does this process take place in?
_____________________________
7. a. Describe the different life spans of plants below (p.572):
annuals –__________________________________________________________________
biennals –__________________________________________________________________
perennials –_________________________________________________________________
b. Which type live the longest? _______________________
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Flower Pollination
- Go to LAB TABLE 2 and use the information there to answer the following questions.
Pre-Activity Questions
1. Define Pollination: ___________________________________________________________
2. Do flowers have only one pollinator? ___________
3. What three organisms pollinate most of the plants? _________________, _______________, &
___________________.
Activity
Using the information in the chart on the laminated sheet provided with this activity, identify the most likely
pollinator for each of the following examples.
Examples
Pollinator
1. The banana plant has a hanging flower that opens only at night
and gives off a musty odor.
2. Willow trees have simple flowers with little fragrance that
produce tiny, light weight pollen grains.
3. Skunk cabbage releases an odor like that of decayed meat.
4. A flower that is bright orange with little fragrance.
5. Plant that has small white flowers that open at night and
produce a sweet scent.
6. Bright yellow flower with nectar located close to its surface.
7. Bright red flower with nectar located in long tubes.
Analyzing Graphics – use the picture below and diagram on pg. 614 to answer the following questions
8. Which structure shown in the figure to the right allows pollen to
enter the ovary? ________________________
9. What is the most likely way that the pollen in the figure to the
right will disperse? ________________________
10. Explain your answer.
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Specialized Tissues in Plants
Chap. 23-1 (p.579)
1. What are the 3 principle organs of seed plants? _______________, _______________ & _____________
(p.580-581)
2. What are the 3 tissue systems of plants? _________________, ________________ & ________________
Vascular Tissue
3. Vascular tissue in plants consists of _________________ & ___________________.
4. What is the function of xylem? _____________________________________________________________
5. What is the function of phloem? ___________________________________________________________
6. Microscope work → Go to LAB TABLE 3. Note: Be sure to reference Zea may sheet at the table.
The microscope is set up on medium power. Do not move the slide. Zea mays stem (cs) cross section 100x
1. Draw and color what you see on the slide.
2. Label: xylem
phloem
vascular bundle
Zea May Stem
8. Color the plant tissue system to the left using Figure 23-1
p.580. (Dermal tissue (Red)----Vascular tissue(green)----(Ground tissue (yellow)
Roots - Chp. 23-2 (p.584) A seed plant is anchored in the ground by its _____________.
9. Complete the table about types of roots.
Type of Root
Description
Examples
Taproots
Fibrous roots
Bulb roots
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10. Water enters the plant through the large surface area provided by the _____________ ____________.
11. Using the information above about fibrous roots and taproots, answer the following:
What type of root would be the best adaptation for the following environments?

This plant is located an area that experiences limited rainfall. It must be able to
reach the water table, found deep underground. _______________

Plants need their root systems to grow where mineral and nutrients are. In the tropics, the nutrients are
found on the surface where animals urinate and defecate and also from dead and decaying animals and
plant parts found on the forest floor. _________________

This type of plant is resistant to strong winds. Its roots are anchored like a fence post. ____________

This plant has a root adaptation that prevents it from being lifted up out of the ground. It is generally
found where there are grazing animals. _________________
Root Functions (p.586)
12. Why are roots important to plants? __________________________________________________________
13. Reading a Table. Using Figure 23-8 . . .
a. If you notice that a plant is becoming paler and more yellow, what nutrient might need to be added?
__________________
b. If a plant has curled leaves, what nutrient is the plant lacking? __________________
- Go to LAB TABLE 4 answer the questions while observing the roots.
a. Which plant has a tap root? ________________________________________
b. Which plant has a fibrous root? ______________________________________
c. Which plant has a bulb root? ___________________________________
d. What is the advantage of a fibrous root? _____________________________________________
e. What is the advantage of a tap root? __________________________________________________
f. What are the 2 main functions of roots?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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Stems - Chap. 23-3 (p.589)
16. List the 3 functions of stems.
▪ ________________________________________________
▪ ________________________________________________
▪ ________________________________________________
Monocot & Dicot Stems (p.590)
17. Explain the differences between monocotyledons (monocots) and dicotyledons (dicots).
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(p.592)
18. Most of what we call “wood” is actually layers of ___________________.
19. What do thin tree rings represent? __________________________________________________________
20. What do thick tree rings represent? _________________________________________________________
- Go to LAB
TABLE 5 answers the questions while observing the plant
a. Describe the difference between a woody and an herbaceous stem.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
b. How can you determine the age of the tree? _______________________________________
c. Why are the rings uneven? __________________________________________________________
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Leaves & Energy - Chap. 23-4
Leaf Structure (p.595)
1. The structure of the leaf is optimized for ______________________________________________________.
Go to LAB TABLE 6 Microviewer Work – Obtain an information card and a micro-viewer from the front
Introduction
2. Leaves perform at least 5 general functions in the life of a plant. What are they?
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. What is a blade? _________________________________________________________________________
Slide 2
4. Draw, color and label what you see in the slide.
Write the appropriate name and microscope
magnification underneath.
5. Which 2 layers contain chloroplasts?
________________________ &
______________________
6. What process does the green coloring of the
chloroplasts enable them to do?
_________________________________
Slide 4
7. Draw, color and label what you see in the slide.
Write the appropriate name and microscope
magnification underneath.
8. What type of membrane does a chloroplast
have? ________________________
9. What do chloroplasts capture?
_____________________________________
Leaf Functions (p596)
10. What is a stoma? ______________________________________________________________________
Slide 5 – Epidermis – Surface View
11. How many stomata can you locate on this slide? ________.
12. Epidermal cells have a waxy waterproof material called _________________.
Slide 6 – Stoma – Surface View
13. What do open stomata allow? _____________________________________________________________
14. What do closed stomata cut off? ___________________________________________________________
15. What do guard cells do? __________________________________________________________________
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► Put the microviewer and information card back on the table at the front of the room.
16. FIGURE 23-19 on p.597 – Slide 27 LABEL WHICH ONE IS THE ‘STOMA OPEN’ AND ‘STOMA CLOSED’
Plant A
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Plant B
Label the guard cells and the stoma in the diagrams above.
Which plant stomata above is most likely functioning under dry conditions. _____________________
Which of the plants above loses the most water due to transpiration? __________________________
Which of the plants above would be most actively performing photosynthesis? ___________________
If the stoma is open, water pressure in the guard cells is [high or low]? ___________
If the stoma and guard cells did not work, what would happen to the leaf of the plant?
________________________________________________________________________________
Leaf Anatomy (NEXT PAGE)
Background Information:
The leaf is the primary photosynthetic organ of the plant. It consists of a flattened portion, called the blade
that is attached to the plant by a structure called the petiole.
The outer surface of the leaf has a thin waxy covering called the CUTICLE (A). This layer's primary function is
to prevent water loss within the leaf. Plants that live entirely within water do not have a cuticle. Directly
underneath the cuticle is a layer of cells called the EPIDERMIS (B). A leaf has two types of epidermis: upper and
lower. It protects the internal tissues of the leaf.
The vascular tissue, xylem and phloem are found within the veins of the leaf. Veins are actually extensions
that run from to tips of the roots all the way up to the edges of the leaves. In the picture, XYLEM (C) is the
upper layer of cells inside the vein and the lower layer of cells is PHLOEM (D). Recall that xylem transports water
and phloem transports sugar.
Within the leaf, there is a layer of cells called the MESOPHYLL (E). The word mesophyll is Greek and means
"middle" (meso) "leaf" (phyllon). There are air spaces between these cells to allow for gas exchange. The cells
here are packed with chloroplasts, and this is where photosynthesis actually occurs.
The leaf has holes within the epidermis called STOMATA (F). Specialized cells, called GUARD CELLS (G)
surround the stomata and are shaped like two cupped hands. Changes within water pressure cause the
stomates to open or close. If the guard cells are full of water, they swell up and bend away from each other
which opens the stoma. During dry times, the guard cells close.
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Activity:
1. In the table, correctly identify the function of each part using the information on the previous page
 Color the structures CAPITALIZED above. Make sure to color every part of the structures seen in the
picture…not just the part that touches the line.
Letter
Structure
Color
Cuticle (upper/lower)
yellow
Epidermis (upper/lower)
orange
Xylem
blue
Phloem
red
Function
Vein
Mesophyll
green
Stomata
pink
Guard Cells
brown
C
A
B
E
D
G
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F
B
Transport in Plants - Chap. 23-5
Water Transport (p.599)
1. What 3 things provide enough force to move water through the xylem tissue of even the tallest plant?
▪ ______________________________________________________
▪ ______________________________________________________
▪ ______________________________________________________
2. What is it called when water molecules form hydrogen bonds with other substances?
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What is capillary action? __________________________________________________________________
4. What happens when a plant wilts? (p.601)
________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
- Go to LAB
TABLE 7 answers the questions while observing the plants.
a. Describe the changes you see in the celery and white flowers.
__________________________________________________
b. In what types of tissue does water move upward in a plant stem? ____________________
c. In what type of tissue is sugar and other organic compounds transported from the leaves and stems
to the roots of plants? _________________________________
d. What 3 combined things allows water to move through a plant?
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
e. How are leaves involved in transpiration?
_______________________________________________________________________
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Reproduction with Cones and Flowers - Chap. 24-1
Life Cycle of Gymnosperms (p.610)
5. What are pollen cones? ______________________________________
6. What are seed cones?
______________________________________________
Microscope Work – Go to LAB TABLE 8
 Do not move the slide.
 You will be looking at pollen.
 Write the appropriate name and microscope magnification
underneath your drawing.
7. Draw and color what you see from the slide.
8. Comparing what you have drawn with Figure 24-3 on p.612, do all pollen grains look the same? _________
Structure of Flowers
(p.612, Figure 24-5)
1. Label the flower parts.
2. Color the female parts pink.
3. Color the male parts blue.
4. Color the sterile parts
green and yellow.
5. Explain how selffertilization/selfpollination happens?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Seed
Development & Dispersal Chap. 24-2
Seed Development & dispersal Chap 24-2
Seed and Fruit Development (p.618)
6. What is a fruit, biologically speaking? _______________________________________________________
7. Name some vegetables that are actually fruit. _________________________________________________
Seed Dispersal (p.619)
8. What are the 3 ways seeds are dispersed? __________________, _________________, & _____________
9. Seeds that are lightweight are typically dispersed by the __________________.
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Analyzing Data. Answer questions 17 & 18 by examining the graph at the top of the page: (p. 620)
10. What effect does chilling have on germination of seeds from Ontario?
_________________________________________________________________________________
11. How does chilling affect the seeds from Louisiana?
_________________________________________________________________________________
12. What is dormancy? _____________________________________________________________________
13. What 2 environmental factors can cause a seed to end dormancy and germinate?
____________________________ & _____________________________
Seed Dispersal Activity – (go to LAB TABLE 9)
Pre-Activity Questions
1. Define seed:
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Define seed dispersal:
____________________________________________________________________________
Activity:
Use the pictures provided with this activity. You will describe the most likely method of seed
dispersal for each scenario. The dispersal of seeds ensures that offspring will be dispersed and
reduce the competition for resources
Description of Seed Dispersal
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
3. Why is seed dispersal important to plants? __________________________________________________
Plant Responses & Adaptations
Chap. 25
Plant Hormones (p.634)
1. What is a hormone?
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is a plant hormone?
________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. What do auxins simulate? (p.635)
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. What are cytokinins?(p.636)
_________________________________________________________________________________
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5. What are gibberellins used for? (p.637)
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. What is ethylene? (p.638)
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. What is ethylene a minor component of? _______________________________________________
8. How was this discovered?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Plant Responses (p.639)
9. What are tropisms and what is the purpose of tropisms?
_________________________________________________________________________________
10. Complete the table about tropisms. LAB
Tropisms
TABLE 10
Definition
Gravitropism
Growing towards:
(Geotropism)
Example:
Phototropism
Thigmotropism
Hydrotropism
Growing towards:
Example:
Growing towards:
Example:
Growing towards:
Example:
(p.641)
11. What is photoperiodism in plants responsible for?
_________________________________________________________________________________
12. What changes occur in plants as cold weather approaches?
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
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(p.643-644)
13. Complete the table comparing aquatic, salt-tolerant & desert plants.
Plant Adaptations Description
Aquatic Plants
Salt-Tolerant
Plants
Desert Plants
(p.645)
14. What 2 types of plants have specialized features for obtaining nutrients?
_______________________________________________________________________
15. What is an epiphyte? ____________________________________________________________________
16. Are epiphytes parasites? __________ What type of symbiosis do epiphytes depict? __________________
Plant Adaptations Lab – Go to LAB TABLE 11 and follow the procedures.
1. Explain the plant adaptation and record the number on the card that you matched to each biome in the table
below.
2. Explain briefly your justification (reasoning)
Table
Biome - Environment
Plant Adaptation
Desert
Tropical Rainforest
Tundra
Aquatic Ecosystem
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STAAR CONCLUSION QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following is the least likely part of the transport system of a plant?
A roots
B stems
C leaves
D flowers
2. Chloroplasts are organelles that are found in plant cells. Some plant tissue contains cells with large numbers
of chloroplasts, while other tissue contains few chloroplasts. Which type of plant tissue contains cells with many
chloroplasts?
A stem, because chloroplasts are needed for plant growth
B root, because chloroplasts are needed for water uptake
C leaf, because chloroplasts are needed for photosynthesis
D flower, because chloroplasts are needed for reproduction
3. The diagram shows the structure of a root with root hairs.
The root hairs allow roots to absorb water efficiently by
increasing which of these?
A the mass of roots
B the density of roots
C the strength of roots
D the surface area of roots
4. What is the main function of a plant stem?
A to collect pollen from other plants to make seeds
B to absorb water and plant nutrients from the soil
C to carry food and water to the rest of the plant
D to make food for the plant
5. The diagram shown represents some epidermal cells from the lower surface of a leaf. The arrow shows the
direction of the movement of water vapor molecules. Which process is indicated by the arrow?
A
B
C
D
osmosis
transpiration
active transport
anaerobic respiration
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6. Beavers can completely chew around a tree. Eventually the tree will die because this
A prevents the absorption of water
B cuts off the supply of food to the roots
C blocks the process of photosynthesis
D allows oxygen to reach the inner cells of the stem
7. Which of these structures is responsible for transporting water from plant roots to the rest of the plant?
A chloroplast
B phloem
C stoma
D xylem
8. How do the spines of a cactus help it survive?
A spines help the cactus get moisture
B spines anchor the cactus in the ground
C spines protects the cactus from animals
D spines support the stems and branches of the cactus
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Flower Dissection Lab
Purpose: This lab will help familiarize you with the reproductive parts of flowers.
Use a magnifying lens to examine your intact flower. Sketch and label the parts of your flower. Then answer
questions 1 and 2. An example is provided for you.
Example Sketch
1. Is your flower a monocot or dicot? How do you know? _________________________
2. Explain how self-fertilization would occur using the plant parts in the diagram
above_______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________ and what is the
difference between self-fertilization and cross-pollination?
_________________________________________________________________
Count and record how many of each your flower has.
3. _____Sepals (Thick outer parts that protect the flower when it is closed)
4. _____Petals (Colored parts that attract pollinators)
5. _____Stamen (Anther with pollen and filament)
6. _____Pistil (Female part with swollen ovary at the bottom and a sticky part called a stigma at the top.)
Cut the flower in half and look at the ovary.
7. _____Now estimate the number of eggs (Small specks found inside the ovary)
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8. Draw a cross-section of your flower and label.
Label the
following:
Sepal
Petal
Stamen
Anther
Pistil
Stigma
Draw each of the following in the space provided.
9. Sepal
10. Petal
11. Stamen
12. Pistil
14. Pollen grains are the male sex cells of the flower. Eggs are the female sex cells. When the pollen is brought
to the female part of the flower it is called pollination. Why do you think that the pistil is sticky at the top?
15. Which pollinator below do you think brings pollen to your flower? _____
Insect
Wind
Bird
Animals
Water
16 . Explain how bees and flowers have a mutualistic relationship.
______________________________________________________________________________
17. Why do you think flowers are brightly colored? _________________________________________________
18. The male sex cells in the pollen are called sperm. When the sperm and eggs combine, sexual reproduction
occurs and the egg is fertilized. The fertilized egg becomes a seed. Where would you predict you would find
seeds in a fertilized flower? _______________________________________________________
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17. Do all flowers look the same? Explain why or why not.
______________________________________________________________________________________
19. In plants, gymnosperms have cones and angiosperms have flowers. Both of these plant structures are
specialized for –
A photosynthesis
B water absorption
C cellular respiration
D sexual reproduction
20. Look at the diagram to the right. Circle the animals that would be best adapted to pollinate it.
 Humming bird
 Moths
 Snakes
 Bat
21. In which part of the flower does fertilization take place?
A Sepal
B Petal
C Pistil
D Stamen
22. Which reproductive strategy is represented by the flower pictured right?
A Budding
B Fragmentation
C Conjugation
D Pollination
23. What is the primary role of the stamen and pistil?
A They produce the reproductive cells.
B They transport substances.
C They secrete hormones.
D They absorb nutrients.
24. In a changing environment, it is an advantage to a plant species to reproduce sexually.
 In sexual reproduction, a new individual is producing by combining gametes from two parents.
 All living things that reproduce sexually inherit traits from both parents.
What is one benefit of sexual reproduction?
A The plants are able to divide into smaller plants.
B The plants are able to produce clones.
C The plants are able to produce genetically diverse offspring.
D The plants are able to be pioneer species
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