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Transcript
Electric Fields and Potential Force Fields Forces act without _____________ between objects ____________________ field pull mass towards earth _____________________ field surrounds electrically charged objects Explains ____________________________ Electric Field Proposed by _______________________ (1830’s) Has both _______________ (strength) and ____________________ Magnitude measured by _______________ exerted on charged particle in the field Direction is that of the force on a small positive “__________________” Can be visualized by ________________________ lines (lines of force) Field lines start on _______________ charges, end on __________________________ Arrows show __________________, away from positive, towards negative Electric Shielding Excess charge always located ______________________ of a conductor Electric field inside conductor is __________________________ Effects of surface charge cancel so no effect ________________________________ If surface is sphere, charge will be ____________________________ on surface If shape is irregular, charges _____________________________ at points & corners Electrical components often housed inside metal boxes to ___________________ from external fields Cables often have shielding to reduce stray signals from ___________________________________ Cars and airplanes safe from _____________________________ Electrical Potential Energy __________________ must be done to move charged object into electrical field, like lifting weight in gravitational field Work done increases ________________________ of charged object If object is released, potential energy will be converted to ______________________________ Electric Potential If amount of charge is increased, amount of ______________ must increase to raise potential energy of object. More convenient term is ___________________, electric potential energy divided by amount of charge present At any point in field, _______________ is same, regardless how much charge is present Unit of potential is _____________ (V) 1 volt = __________________________ Commonly called __________________ Voltage is _________________________ of amount of charge; high voltages possible with very little charge present, therefore little energy Capacitors Capacitor is device used to _______________________ Consists of two _________________________ separated by an insulator No __________________________ between plates ____________________ are pushed onto one plate by battery which pushes electrons off the other plate This stores charge on the plates and energy in the _______________________ between the plates Capacitor can be _____________________, releasing stored energy Commercial capacitors made in many different forms, very common in ____________________