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Name: ___________________________
Date: _________________________
Chapter 2 - European Exploration of the Americas - Section 1
Objective: to identify the leading European explorers of North America. Explain the effects of
European colonization on Native Americans, and describe the origins and development of
slavery in the colonies.
Essential question: How did Europeans transform life in the Americas?
In the 1400’s, a Portuguese prince, ___________________________________ began a school
of navigation. He paid for sailing expeditions to explore the Atlantic and the west coast of
Africa. The ships he hired traveled farther down the coast of Africa than anyone had been. This
started Europe’s _____________________________________________________. This age
of discovery led Europeans to the Americas.
caravel: __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
square sails: ______________________________________________________________
triangle sails: _____________________________________________________________
Bartolomeu Dias: (_________________________________) _________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Christopher Columbus: (________________________________) _____________________
__________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Vasco da Gama: (___________________________ ) ______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Why did Spain’s rulers agreed to finance Columbus’ voyages? _______________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Columbus’ three ships _________________________, _____________________________,
and the _______________________ left port ____________________________________.
When Columbus’ ships finally reached land nearly 10 weeks later they believed they had
reached __________________________________________________________________.
He named the island __________________________________ and claimed it for
___________________. He visited several more Caribbean islands while trying to reach
Japan. He reached La Espanola, called ____________________________ where he found
gold and pearls making him think he had reached Asia. In 1493 he decided to return to Spain.
In 1493, Pope______________________________ drew an imaginary line around the world.
This line would tell who controlled the lands that sailors were exploring. This line was called
the ______________________________________________.
Spain could claim all non-Christian land west of the line. Portugal claimed all non-Christian land
east of the line.
Portugal was unhappy with the line, King___________________________believed the line
favored Spain. He wanted the Spanish rulers to change the pope’s decision.
June 1494, __________________________ and ________________________________
agreed to a treaty. The _______________________________________________________
moved the Line of Demarcation 800 miles further west. This change lets Portugal claim the
Eastern portion of South America.
Goals during the age of exploration
1.
______________________________________________________________
2.
_______________________________________________________________
3.
______________________________________________________________
mercantilism: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Additional explorers:
Amerigo Vespucci: (__________________________) _____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Vasco Nunez de Balboa (______________________ ) ______________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Ferdinand Magellan (____________________________) ___________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Hernando Cortes (___________________________) _______________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Aztec emperor _______________________________________________________
What helped the Spaniards defeat the Aztec? ____________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Francisco Pizarro (____________________________ ) ____________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Inca emperor ________________________________________________________
Three major reasons why the Aztec and Inca empires were defeated by a small band of
conquistadors.
1.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3.
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
define:
alliance:___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
missionaries: ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Tenochtitlan:_______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
conquistador:_______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Homework assignment: Imagine you are a sailor on Columbus’ first voyage. Write a journal
entry about reaching Hispaniola. Due next class period. Oct ________________.