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Guided Notes Chapter 4.2
By 750 B.C. the city-state or what the Greeks called a__________ became the central focus of
Greek life. We get our word ____________ from this word.
The polis served as a place where people from the city as well as the surrounding countryside
could meet for ___________, ___________, and ____________ activities.
The main gathering place in the polis was usually a hill with a fortified area at the top called an
_________________.
_______________: Served as a place of refuge during an attack and sometimes came to be a
religious center on which temples and public buildings were built.
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Below the acropolis was an _______________:.
Place where people could _______________: and served as a market.
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Varied in size from a few square miles to a few _______________: square miles.
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Also varied in _______________:; Athens had more than 300,000 by 5th century B.C.
Community of the City State
The polis above all was a place where people shared a common _______________ and
common goals.
The community consisted of:
Citizens with political rights (_______________)
Citizens with no political rights (_______________and _______________)
Noncitizens (_______________, slaves, and resident aliens )
Aristotle argued that a citizen did not belong to himself or herself but to the
_______________
By 700 B.C. the city-states had developed a military system based on ___________.
___________: heavily armed infantry soldiers that carried a round shield, a short sword, and
a thrusting spear about 9 feet long.
Went into battle as a unit, marching shoulder to shoulder in a rectangular formation known as a
___________.
This wall of shields protected the hoplites during battle.
Sparta
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Needed more land
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Conquered _____________and _____________
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Made them helots (slaves)
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Military discipline by spartans
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Joined military at age 30
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Oligarchy led by 2 kings
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_____________ was the main focus
Athens
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Oligarchy led by _____________
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Full power given to _____________
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Freed slaves
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Cancelled debt
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Could not avoid Tyranny
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Piesistratus took over
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Aided trade
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Gave aristocrats land to peasants
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His son was overthrown
_____________ then took over creating Athenian Democracy