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Rooms of the house U11 Questions words: what and where Question word: what What Use: Asking about things or activities Examples: • What does he do at weekends? • What is that? What kind of / type of Use: Asking about specific things or characteristics Examples: • What type of car do you drive? • What kind of person is he? What time Use: Asking for a specific time Examples: • What time is it? • What time does the show begin? What ... like Use: Asking about characteristics Examples: • What was the weather like? • What is Mary like? Question word: where Where Use: Asking about places Examples: • Where do you live? • Where did you go on vacation? Describing people, places and things U12 Has and Have The verb "have or has" shows possesion or ownership. The verb ("to have") usually follows a noun or pronoun. Verb ("to have") noun or pronoun verb • • • • • • • Bill has a letter. He has a boy. Tara has a girl. Terry and Robert have a dog. A mouse has small teeth. I have a pencil. Tom has tires. Describing people, places and things U12 Past Participle Past Partciple A past participle indicates past or completed action or time. It is often called the 'ed' form as it is formed by adding d or ed, to the base form of regular verbs, however, it is also formed in various other ways for irregular verbs. It can be used to form a verb phrase as part of the present perfect tense. Example: • I have learnt English. (Learnt is part of the verb phrase 'have learnt') It can be used to form the passive voice. Example: • Her hair was well brushed. It can also be used as an adjective. Example: • He had a broken arm. (Broken is used here as an adjective). Uses of participle A participle is a verb form that can be used as an adjective and is used with an auxiliary verb to form the case of the past participle and the passive voice. The past participle for many verbs ends in -ed (created, walked). The past participle is used with have to form past tenses Examples: • We have climbed. • She had ridden. • They have sung. Participle as adjectives Many participles can also function as adjectives: Examples: • An interesting experience. But it is hard to tell when a participle is an adjective. There are test for confirming an adjective. Here are some of them: 1. Can the word be used attributively (i.e., before the noun it modifies), as in an intriguing offer. 2. Can it be used in the predicate, especially after the verb seem, as in She thought the party boring and He seems concerned about you. 3. Can it be compared, as in We are even more encouraged now and The results are most encouraging. Describing people, places and things U12 Adjectives & Adverbs Adjectives & Adverbs Adjectives modify nouns Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. You can recognize adverbs easily because many of them are formed by adding -ly to an adjective. The following sentences demonstrate some of the differences between an adjective and an adverb by showing what is being modified in each sentence. In each sentence, light blue arrows point to adjectives and green arrows point to adverbs. Adverbs can't modify nouns, as you can see from the following incorrect sentences. • She is a quietly woman → The correct sentence should say: She is a quiet woman. • I have a happily cat → The correct sentence should say: I have a happy cat. Sometimes is easy to make the mistake of using an adjective to modify a verb, as the incorrect sentences below show. • Tom is breathing normal again → The correct sentence should say: Tom is breathing normally again. An adjective always follows a form of the verb to be when it modifies the noun before the verb. Examples: As well, an adjective always follows a sense verb or a verb of appearance -- feel, taste, smell, sound, look, appear, and seem -- when it modifies the noun before the verb. Examples: Be careful to notice whether the word modifies the subject or the verb in the sentence. If the word modifies the subject, you should use an adjective. If the word modifies the verb, you should use an adverb. The difference is shown in the following pair of sentences.