Download PRUEBA DE ACCESO A LA FACULTAD DE TRADUCCIÓN E

PRUEBA DE ACCESO A LA FACULTAD DE
TRADUCCIÓN E INTERPRETACIÓN
Junio 2012
-Lengua InglesaPoverty Alleviation and a Sustainable Environment: Two
Sides of the Same Coin
Over the last few decades, rapid population growth together with industrial
and agricultural production has led to extreme social inequality and
destruction to our environment. A United Nations Human Development
Report reveals that human-induced climate change and activities have
resulted in mass species extinction, deforestation, rampant spread of
disease and catastrophic natural disasters. Simultaneously, as this injustice
is imposed on the earth by a relatively small proportion of the population,
drastic inequalities are forced upon the majority of our fellow citizens. In
fact, the richest countries make up 20% of the world’s population: they
consume 86% of the world’s resources. There are 1 billion people who
suffer from chronic hunger while 1.2 billion are obese because the
distribution of our planet’s natural wealth is vastly uneven. The wealthiest
people utilize most of the world’s resources, while the poorest often do not
even have access to what they produce.
United Nations Human figures show that 1.1 billion people in developing
nations do not have adequate access to water and 2.6 billion lack basic
sanitation. As a result, 1.4 million children will die each year and nearly
half of all people living in a developing country will suffer from a health
problem caused by either sanitation or water deficit. Currently one third of
the world’s population lives in either “water-scarce or water-short”
areas. Population growth and climate change are threatening to raise that
number to nearly one half in the next couple of decades, yet it is not over
population that is responsible for the global water shortage. Eighty-five
percent of water is consumed by 12% of the world’s population, and those
12% do not live in developing nations. The disparities must be addressed
when attempting to alleviate poverty and secure a sustainable environment.
I.- Read the text carefully and choose the correct option for each of the
following questions:
1)
Have deforestation, natural disasters and species extinction caused climate
change?
A) Yes, they are the most important reasons for climate change
B) Yes, together with the spread of diseases
C) No, they are a consequence of climate change
D) No, there is no relation between these facts and climate change
2)
How many people experience inequalities nowadays?
A) A small part of the population
B) A large proportion of the population
C) 1 billion people
D) 1.2 billion people
3)
According to the author of the text, access to water supplies depends on...:
A) where you were born.
B) climate change.
C) sustainable environments.
D) basic sanitation.
4)
According to the text, most of the world’s resources...
A) are used by a small fraction of the world’s population.
B) are misused by the poorest people.
C) cause health problems.
D) are in the United States.
5)
What is the cause of the global water shortage?
A) Overpopulation.
B) The fact that 85% of the water is consumed by 12% of the world’s
population in the richest countries.
C) Global warming and its consequent climate change.
D) Pollution
6)
The title of this article is “Poverty Alleviation and a Sustainable Environment:
Two Sides of the Same Coin” because…:
A) The writer is worried about the world’s economy.
B) Poverty and the environment are closely linked.
C) Too little money is spent on the environment.
D) Rich countries should give more money to poor countries.
II.- Choose the correct option for the following expressions, according
to their use in the text:
1)
Human-induced
A) Avoided by humans
B) Caused by humans
C) Not accepted by people
D) Of benefit to humans
2)
Rampant spread of disease
A) Uncontrolled spread of disease
B) The control of disease
C) Slow spread of disease
D) The elimination of disease
3)
Uneven
A) Unbalanced
B) Well-known
C) Cheap
D) Disappearing
4)
Water-scarce areas
A) Areas with a lot of water
B) Areas lacking water
C) Areas with polluted water
D) Areas with drinking water
II.- Use of English. Choose the correct answer.
1.- The supermarket ……………………… by the time I got there
A – closed
B – had closed
C – had been closing
D – closes
2.- I’m sure I will never get used ……………………… long hours.
A – to work
working
B – work
C – to have worked
D – to
3.- We were surprised …………… his reaction to the news.
A – at
B – for
C – of
D – with
4.- I was astonished …………………… the number of presents I received.
A – about
B – by
C – with
D – for
5.- I’m enjoying my new job ……………………it is very tiring.
A – despite
B – even though
C – whereas
D – unless
6.- The teacher ……………… that the students were not working hard enough.
A – tried
B – boasted
C – complained
D – dismissed
7.- Apart from your home, your car is probably your most …………… possession.
A – valuable
B – wealthy
C – worthy
D – rich
8.- He …………… his father’s signature on $25,000 worth of cheques.
A – smuggled
B – copied
C – forged
D – released
9.-Sprinkle the potatoes with ……………………
A – butter
B – salt
C – peas
D – eggs
10.- I’m not very ……………… on high risk sports.
A – responsible
B – proud
C – suspicious
D - keen