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Periodic Table Who created the Periodic Table? • Born : 1834 Died : 1907 Nationality : Russian Occupation : Chemist • Dmitri Mendeleev brought order to the chaos of chemistry by asserting his periodic law, which states that the elements arrange themselves according to their atomic number and their chemical properties. • • • • Elements are listed horizontally according to their atomic number - number of protons Periods are the horizontal rows of elements Halogens - highly reactive, Elements are listed vertically according to their chemical properties gases except Br liquid Groups or Families are arranged vertically Noble gases – stable, unreactive odourless gases The Periodic Table provides information on the physical and chemical properties of elements Alkali metals - highly reactive, soft, low densities Alkaline earth metals burn in air if heated (fireworks) Periodic Table Atomic Mass - mass of average atom Atomic Number - number of protons & electrons of a neutral atom Ion Charge - electric charge that forms when an atom gains or loses electrons Reactivity The Atomic Challenge Atomic Number 2- Ion Charge Symbol Name Atomic Mass Protons Atomic number equals the number of ____________ and Electrons ________________ of an atom. Protons Atomic mass equals the total number of ______________ and Neutrons _______________. 8 8 8 Number of protons_______electrons ______and neutrons ________. Atoms of Elements from Periodic Table (Neutral) Oxygen Atom, O Zinc Atom, Zn 2- Lithium, Li + 2+ Zn Oxygen Lithium 8 30 3 16 65 7 8 30 3 8 35 4 8 30 3 Atoms of Elements from Periodic Table Silicon Atom, Si Boron Atom, B Bromine, Br Br Si Boron 14 35 5 28 11 80 14 5 35 14 6 14 5 45 35