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Download Ch. 2 Section 2 - Mount Paran Christian School
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Chapter 2, Section 2 Early Exploration Seeking New Trade Routes • Columbus’ and other explorers maps were _____________ incorrect! – Did not include _______________. America Portugal First! • Portugal was the __________________ first country to explore. • Why?? – Portugal lacked a port on the Mediterranean _________. Sea _________________ – Wanted to be involved with the trade with without Asia _________________ having to deal with other European countries. – Also wanted a more direct route to West African Gold. Early Portuguese Voyages • Prince Henry the Portugal Navigator of ____________ • Established a school that taught sailing, geography, mapmaking, and astronomy • Given credit for sparking the European interest in exploration __________________ Dias & da Gama Dias • Bartholomeu __________ – First to reach southern tip of Africa _________________ in 1487 • Cape of Storms Good Hope • Cape of ____________________ • Vasco ________________ da Gama Africa • First to sail around __________ Asia to __________ • Left Portugal in 1497, sailed around Cape of Good Hope, India and reached _____________ in 1498 Cabral’s Discovery • Pedro Alvarez Cabral • Fleet of 13 ships attempted to follow Africa da Gama’s route around ________________. • Swung too wide and “hit” ______________. Brazil Claimed • ________________ the land for Portugal. first • Becomes the ______________ to claim land in the New World for Portugal! India • Cabral continued onto ______________. • His voyage and others that followed gave Portugal a permanent settlement in India. Christopher Columbus • Became interested in exploration after reading Travels ______________ • Thought he could reach Asia by sailing west (mainly necessary because Muslims blocked land routes) • Thought Asia was 2,400 miles from Europe (Ptolemy’s estimate) 10,600 – Actually ______________ miles Christopher Columbus Portugal • Presented his plan to ________________in 1485, but was turned down • He spent 7 years in Spain trying to convince Ferdinand and Queen ___________ Isabella King ___________ to finance his voyage convinced • King and Queen were _______________ – Two Reasons: Christianity to any • 1. Columbus promised to bring _________________ lands he found • 2. A trade route, if it was found, would bring wealth to Spain (and to Columbus!) • In 1492, the last Muslims were driven out of Spain, and Ferdinand and Isabella agreed support to _______________ Columbus’ voyage Columbus’ Voyage Spain • Columbus left _____________ on August 3, ___________ 1492 – Niña, Pinta, Santa Maria Bahamas • Reached the __________________on October 12, 1492 San Salvador – Called the island _____________________ (thought he was in the ______________) Indies Cuba and Hispaniola on this voyage • Also explored _________ (he thought Cuba’s mountains were the Himalayas) three • He made ___________other voyages and explored much of the ___________________, ____________ and West Indies Central ____________ America, but never reached mainland South North America • He died in 1506, still believing he had reached Asia! Amerigo • ___________________ Vespucci, Italian mapmaker and explorer, was the first to determine that these were new continents after sailing along South America’s coast – America named for him Dividing the World • _________________ rejected Spain’s claims to the Portugal West Indies protect • Both countries wanted to ________________ their claims to the New World. • Pope Alexander VI created a line of demarcation ________________ in 1493 – Favored Spain • Treaty of ______________ Tordesillas moved the line 800 miles to the west in 1494 – Still favored Spain Treaty of Tordesillas Exploring America • Vasco Nuñez de Balboa, Spanish governor of Panama, became the first __________ European to see the ___________ in 1513 Pacific • He founded the settlement of Santa María la Antigua del Darién in present-day Panama in 1510, which was the first permanent European settlement on the mainland of the Americas Circumnavigation Magellan • Ferdinand _____________ – Left Spain with 5 ships and 234 men on August 10, _________ to 1519 circumnavigate the Earth ___________________ Strait of Magellan – Discovered ________ October 21, 1520 Pacific Ocean its – Gave the ________ name • Means “peaceful” – Died during a battle in the Philippines April 27, 1521 – 18 men and 1 ship reached Spain September 6, 1522
