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sx07_CAG8_SRT_1-85.qxd 7/6/06 4:47 PM Page 47 8.4.e Earth in the Solar System (Earth Sciences) Students know the appearance, general composition, relative position and size, and motion of objects in the solar system, including planets, planetary satellites, comets, and asteroids. P47 Mercury Venus Earth Mars The Inner Planets Planet Period of Rotation (Earth days) Average Distance From Sun (AU) Period of Revolution (Earth years) Number of Moons Diameter Radius 4,879 2,440 59 0.39 0.24 0 Venus 12,104 6,052 243 0.72 0.62 0 Earth 12,756 6,378 1 1.0 1 1 Mars 6,794 3,397 1.03 1.5 1.9 2 Mercury © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Size (kilometers) Quick Review ◆ The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) tend to be relatively small and are composed primarily of rock. Questions 1. Which of the inner planets is comparable in size to Earth? A. Mercury B. Mars C. Pluto D. Venus 2. How are the atmospheres of Venus and Mars similar to each other and different from the atmosphere of Earth? 1. D 2. The atmospheres of Venus and Mars are made up mostly of carbon dioxide. Earth’s atmosphere is mostly a mix of nitrogen and oxygen. sx07_CAG8_SRT_1-85.qxd 7/6/06 4:48 PM Page 48 8.4.e Earth in the Solar System (Earth Sciences) Students know the appearance, general composition, relative position and size, and motion of objects in the solar system, including planets, planetary satellites, comets, and asteroids. P48 Pluto Neptune Uranus Jupiter Saturn The Outer Planets © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Size (kilometers) Average Distance From Sun (AU) Period of Revolution (Earth years) Number of Moons Diameter Radius Period of Rotation (Earth days) Jupiter 143,000 71,490 0.41 5.2 12 63+ Saturn 120,500 60,270 0.45 9.6 29 47+ Uranus 51,120 25,560 0.72 19.2 84 27+ Neptune 49,530 24,760 0.67 30.0 164 13+ 2,390 1,200 6.4 39.2 248 1 Planet Pluto Quick Review ◆ The outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are generally much larger than the inner planets and are composed primarily of gas. Questions 1. Which of the outer planets moves fastest around the sun? A. Jupiter B. Saturn C. Uranus D. Neptune 2. Which two elements make up most of the gas found in the atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn? 1. A 2. Hydrogen and helium