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Jack peal
Unit:A511 introduction to making and designing
Centre number: 16527
Blue text
denotes area of
special interest
House
fire
Unusua
l acting
alarm
Attack
alarm
Shed
fire
Shed
alarm
Fire
Property
protectio
n
Panic
alarm
Rape
alarm
Personal
protectio
n
Gate
alarm
Security
Light
motio
n
sensor
Bath
depth
alarm
Feeling
secure
Old person
temperature
alarm
One to one
theft alarm
Baby
bath
depth
alarm
Flood
alarm
Night
light
Reason for theme choice
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I have chosen security, because in my area there is a lot of burglars robbers and, my latter
questionnaire research indicates that most robberies happen or the worry is on the shed because of
the increase of people choosing to own their own tools and also having outdoor hobbies this is why I
have chosen security because obviously there is a clear need for the middle range priced high
functionality and reliable security device particularly.
designing
What:
alerted of
damage/
theft of
property
When: the
shed/prope
rty is un
attended
User
needs
Who:
property
owner
Why:
security and
protection of
interest
Where:
on home
premises
Creativity
 Stopping damage/theft of personal items
 Bikes ranging from £200 to £7000
 Garden tools range from 20 to 1000s of pounds
 Motorcycles ranging from £1000 to £20,000 if classical
 Classic cars ranging from £10000 to £1000000
 Also with all of this wth a burglar alarm it adds a feeling of security to the user
Creativity part 2
 “Crime Report: Burglars Break into Area Homes and a Shed” this is the
headline from a newspaper only 2 months ago
 Police are searching for suspects in a string of shed burglaries they believe are
connected, according to Lt. Stephen Doarnberger, assistant commander of
Baltimore County Police Franklin Precinct No. 3.In five separate incidents
between Saturday, Dec. 3, and Saturday, Dec. 10, sheds in Cedarmere Circle and
Strongwood Road in Owings Mills were burglarized. In three of the incident,
snowblowers were stolen. Locks were damaged in the other two incidents.“This
time of year, it would be pretty easy to sell [snowblowers] without having to go
to a pawn shop or any other kind of dealer,” Doarnberger said.In September,
there were six incidents of power tools being stolen from garages and sheds in
Reisterstown, but in five of those cases, the garages and sheds were unlocked.In
the recent cases, the sheds were locked. The locks held in a few cases, but the
lock clasps were pried off. Doarnberger cautioned that when wood ages, locks
are easier to pry off as well.“There are locks now you can get in which the lock
bar is very conceived, round instead of rectangular, and it makes the lock bar at
the top much more difficult to cut or access,” he said. “So we recommend
those.”
Evidence
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This image clearly shows were my circuit would be in action, it
Would detect this window being broken into and sound a alarm
Instantly .
Also not only would my circuit be in action here it would also deter
The burglars away it also adds the feeling of security to the user so
The user can feel safe in their own homes which was one of factors
I was aiming for, it will make the consumers more likely to buy it
My alarm would be perfect for this situation because not only have i got a red LED to deter burglars
from this spot, my alarm is also a reed switch and pressure mat so on pulling th window open like that
the reed switch will activate my very loud siren scaring of the burglar or allowing the locals or user to
ring the police.
Evidence of users
question
yes
No
Don’t know
do you have a shed
were you store
valuables
26
0
0
Are you interested in
protecting your
property against
damage/ theft
23
3
0
is your shed is secure
10
16
0
Would you buy a
economically priced
security systems
16
10
0
would you be
interested in a free no
obligation survey to
show you the benefits
of our system
19
5
2
Were my circuit would be active
The arrows show were
my alarm security circuit
would be affective. The
top arrow shows were a
decoy adt alarm system
box will be placed. The
bottom arrow shows the
magnetic/circuit breaker
lock that would active on
the door. Should a
window be present than
a lock/ circuit breaker
could be applied.
Imagine there is a
window here
Evidence
The houses with arrows pointing to them have both had burglary
from there sheds and there has been 3 more burglars a long this
road also I have had reports of oil been stolen from people back
gardens this is something I had to factor in when choosing what
circuit inputs and outputs to use to provide a security service to
people in my local community. This proves that there is a real need
for a loud output to be heard by local neighbors and citizens in the
village to call the police.
Questionnaire
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
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Question 1 and 2 identifies whether there is a need for my product
Question 3 is to identify the number of possible entry points to the shed and therefore whether there is a use for my
product
Question 4 is to identify what security measures are currently in place
Question 5 is to identify whether there is a reason to protect the contents of the shed
Question 6 is to clarify that the price of my security system can be justified
Question 7 is to find out impact on user if contents stolen?
Question 8 is to find out whether there is justification to include a security camera
Question 9 this is to find out the increased risk of visibility from public area
Question 10 is to find out if the vulnerability of the property

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Do you have a shed that stores valuable items?
Are you interested in protecting your property?
How many windows and doors are there on your shed?
How’s your shed currently secured?
Do you have insurance on your shed?
Is the value of the contents of your higher than £1000?
Are the contents of your shed used in everyday work ?
Can you clearly see your shed ?
Is your property protected by a wall or fence and visible from the road?
Is your property left for long periods of time untended (e.g. over 2hrs at a time)
Does
shed
store
valuable
items
Intereste
d in
Property
protectio
n
No.
access
points to
shed
including
windows
Current
security
Measures
Insure
d?
Do
contents
value
exceed
£1000
Distance
shed
from
house
(approx)
Conte
nts
used
for
job
Protected by
wall/fence,
visibility
from road
Left for
long
durations
of time
(excess of
2 hrs)
Client 1
Yes
Yes
3
Bolted
No
No
10mtr
No
No
No
Client 2
No
Client 3
Yes
Yes
6
Padlock
Yes
No
Next
door
Yes
Yes
No
Client 4
Yes
Yes
2
Adt security
system
Yes
Yes
3mtr
Yes
Yes
Yes
Client 5
Yes
Yes
1
Simple lock
Yes
Yes
15mtr
No
Yes
No
Client 6
Yes
Yes
3
Door lock
No
No
4mtr
Yes
No
yes
Client 7
Yes
Yes
4
Grills on
window with
padlocks
No
yes
2mtr
Yes
yes
yes
Client 8
yes
yes
2
Door lock
yes
yes
5mtr
no
No
yes
Client 9
Yes
Yes
4
Padlock
No
Yes
10mtr
Yes
No
no
Client 10
Yes
Yes
3
Bolted
No
No
7mtr
No
Yes
no
answers
Related products
product
cost
Typical user
When/where
Used?
function
Technology
used
(input/output)
Manufact
uring
process
Electronic Keypad Alarm system
£19.99
For night time
usage for home
owners
3 105 db alarms and 1
magnetic circuits
breakers and keypad
password
Battery input
“claimed easy to
install”
Injection
molded
Friedland Response MA8 Single
Room Remote Controlled
Motion and Entry Alarm
£30.99
For night time
usage home
owners
90db alarm and 2
magnetic circuit
breakers and a motion
sensor
Mains run input
loud alarm and
motion sensor
output
Injection
molded
yale
Security
system
£99.99
For any home
owner used at
night or when
out
Calls three phone
numbers when
activated
Wireless battery
operated
Injection
molded
Related products
This circuit has a light dependent resistor which was one of my options when i was deciding what would
be the most affective, and although it would be useful to be see weither its day or not in some places, i
decided that i wanted my circuit to alarm weither its day or night because burglaries occure mostly
during the evenings or the mornings
this circuit has the same output as my
product
Related products PT2
 this circuit shares the same output to my
 Circuit depending on options available
 Also the circuit is using a reed switch which is the same as my choice,
reed switches are very common in burglar alarms as they are very
effective , which proves why they are so popular.
This circuit has a transistor which is the Same as my choice
Design brief
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I am going to design a product, that will detect when your shed is broken into.
The burglar alarm plans to prevent and add the sense of security to the user and it can really help to
make people feel secure
Input:
Reed switch for the window and doors usage, the push to make switch in use if a pressure mat is for
placing within the shed to let the user know if the shed valuables are at real risk
Also I have put a reset switch so that the user has a easy reset after the detection
Process:
The process will be either transistor or Darlington pair but I think it will be transistor because the cost
factor
Output:
Is a loud siren to instantly let the user know that their valuables are at risk
Other:
I have fitted a flashing L.E.D to add the safety and feeling of security to the user
Also fitted another L.E.D so when the alarm is activated it flashes
Name of product and picture 1
Friedland Response SL2 Wire free
Multi User Keypad Controlled Burglar
Alarm System
by Friedland
Product analysis
Name of product and
picture 2 Yale HSA6200 Standard
Wire free Burglar Alarm
function
It is a home function burglar alarm with a
four digit code entry for multiple personal
use
It’s a burglar alarm which is expandable
and Yale is one of the best know name so
it should better burglars away before even
entering
User need fulfilled
Yes because it has power led indicators
and solar power backup also wireless for
ultimate protection also with the added
feeling of security so it makes the user
feel safe
yes because it comes with a 1 year
warranty as well as expandable devices
e.g. you can ad more security features to
it, it also comes with the led for the extra
added feeling of sercurity
Materials used in
construction
abs and the screws onerously with the
copper and solder and it includes the
materials needed for a solar panel, and
whatever is in the l.e.ds
abs and the screws overously with the
copper and solder and it includes the
materials needed for a solar panel, and
whatever is in the l.e.ds
Durability of the product
High because it comes with lithium long
life batteries'(replicable) an d a solar
power unit
this product is designed with long life in
mind because it comes with the
expandable system so it can become more
secure also the warranty is expandable to
five years
Sustainability of the
product
The batteries are not recyclable but the
plastic and solder is its reusable because
batteries are replicable
The product has a five year warranty and
replicable batteries along with mostly
recylable materials so it is fairly
sustainable
Life cycle
The components will either be melted
down for circuit use or just updated
Energy use
Specification
Specification point
Feature described
Reason for feature
Purpose of proposed product
To prevent and protect burglary from
sheds
I am going to do this to appeal to people
with a she and seek protection, and there
is a high burglary rate in the area in which
they live
What should the proposed product do
My product is designed to sound on entry
of an burglar
So that the product helps people to
protect their personal possessions
What will the proposed product need to
sense
My product will need to sense a the door
opening, and window
To insure all area which could be broken
into are protected and it adds a feeling of
security to the costumer
Choosing other features
Other:
I have fitted a flashing L.E.D to add the
safety and feeling of security to the user
Also fitted another L.E.D so when the
alarm is activated it flashes
Specification
Specification point
Feature described
Reason for feature
What will the output need to be
My product will have output of loud siren
and flashing led
The siren will be used to warn any people
in the area of a shed that it is being
broken into, the led is to insure people
that the circuit is working
What will the power supply be
The product will run of battery power
The circuit will be run of battery to
disable and wire cutting to de-activate the
circuit
What voltage will the circuit be run of
It will be run of 9v
This is because it is a standard power and
the battery size is compact
Choosing output
Output:
Is a loud siren to instantly let the user
know that their valuables are at risk
Specification
Specification point
Feature described
Reason for feature
Will the product have a on/off switch
My circuit will have a on/off switch
To allow emergency turn off in cause of
fault
Will it have a on indicator
My circuit will have a power indicator
The circuit will have a power indicator to
tell the owner that the circuit is working
but also it will act as a deterrent to any
burglars
How will the circuit be designed
My circuit will be designed using circuit
wizard, student edition
The reason for this is to know that the
circuit works before even starting manual
work
Choosing process
Process:
The process will be either transistor or
Darlington pair but I think it will be
transistor because the cost factor
Specification
Specification point
Feature described
Reason for feature
How will the circuit be manufactured
The circuit will be manufactured by the
denford circuit board maker then
components will be soldered on
The reason for this is to make a precise
circuit board to insure all the components
fit
How will we ensure that the circuit will
be well made and work
Test the circuit in the environment it will
be functioning.
To ensure the protection of the valuables
of the owner
Choosing inputs
Input:
Reed switch for the window and doors
usage, the push to make switch in use if a
pressure mat is for placing within the
shed to let the user know if the shed
valuables are at real risk
Also I have put a reset switch so that the
user has a easy reset after the detection
This is my first ever circuit
This is my first circuit it is only one
input which after re-assessing my data I
decided that one input is not enough
and that the fact the circuit latches on
with no reset switch isn’t good enough
,see how I improved it into my next
circuit
My second circuit
This is my second circuit it works
well with my two inputs easy to
use.
But after using it I noticed that
there wasn’t a reset switch or a
L.E.D to show the user that it is
on.
The circuit is also very difficult to
put into pcb’s because of the logic
gates
My finished circuit
This is my updated version it
works a lot better and as you
can see I have put a reset switch
into it also has a flashing led to
add the feeling of security to
the user as well as deterring
some of the burglars to avoid
the risk of being caught.
Circuit development options
These are the building blocks of
whic i have used in my circuit there
are some alternatives for different
results , on the not gate latch and
power and output i have modified
them in the power i have added a
flashing LED in the not gate latch i
have added a reset ptm
And in the output i have added
another LED
Circuit development options
These are the alternatives to the inputs process and output i
already use to still peform the role of a burglar alarm using
the building blocks
The LDR input and the tempreture input could work by
detecting the burglar at dark as he enters the room i didnt
choose this option is because it isnt as responsive as a PTM
abd reed switch in nor gate with the converter to make it
easy to put together in PCB form.
The or gate was my first choice because its simple but as
described it is hard to put together in PCB layout.
The output of two LED’s is good but not good for warning
the user in the night if they are not looking at it. Also it
doesnt act as a deterant to the bulger after they have been
detected also it doesnt warn those around the user.
My first P.C.B
This is my first P.C.B it doesn’t have a reset switch
or any flashing L.E.D’s for extra safety reasons, this
also detracts from the sense of security and the
user needs.
This is my simplest circuit, I don’t think it would
fully meet the needs of the consumer
At this stage the copper fill it hasn’t been removed,
which makes this a less sustainable circuit
My second P.C.B
This is my second P.C.B it has the flashing
L.E.D but it has two logic gate input gates
which i originally didn't notice as a problem ,
but it is because I deliberately put
At this stage I haven't removed the copper fill ,
this means that this is less sustainable
My finished P.C.B
As you can see this P.C.B has blue wires because the
circuit is to complex to map it complete it without blue
wires, previously I have put this circuit with the nor
gate and converter because that meant that it could
use this circuit with only one logic gate input gate but
hadn’t changed them all the one gate so therefore the
whole process was a waste of time but fortunately I
realized this and changed it so this became only one
gate, the circuit also has a reset switch as another
development
Also I have removed the copper fill to make the circuit
more sustainable.
This in tern makes it more environmentally friendly .
This circuit also has the pads sizes and pad holes
changed size to make it easier in the building process
(pad width 0.12 and height 0.12 the hole is 0.01 and the
gap is 0.04)
Planning the manufacture process
Process
description
Equipment
required
Safety issues
Tips for
success
Design pcb and mask
Circuit wizard
Cut board to size
Band saw
Saw blade is very sharp
so make sure your hand
isn't to close to the
spinning blade
Double check the
measurements before
you cut
Expose most and photo
pcb to uv light
Uv light
Photo pcb
Mask of pcb
Make sure the uv light
cannot get into your
eyes
Leave it under for 10
minutes
Develop exposed pcb
Development fluid
Don't get it into your
eyes or onto your
clothes
Wear safety clothing e.g
gloves goggles
Etch P.C.B
Bubble etch tank
Etchant
Dont get etchant on
your skin because it can
be corrosive
Wear goggles, gloves to
prevent it getting on
your skin, leave the
etchant for two minutes
Drill holes
Drill
Drill press
Don't take any risks
whilst using the drill
e.g. get your hands to
close to the spinning
drill bit
Drill it correctly E.G
make sure its centred
and wear safety goggles
Solder resistor
Soldering iron
Wooden clipboard
Soldering iron can burn
you so be careful whilst
you are using it and
don't slip
Take your time and
make sure its on the
right side and the right
value resistor
Planning the manufacture process continued
solder transistor
Soldering iron
Wooden clipboard
Soldering iron can
burn you so be
careful whilst using it
Take your time whilst
deciding were to
place but not to much
soldering time it
could blow the
component
Solder ptm
Soldering iron
Wooden clipboard
Soldering iron can
burn you so be
careful whilst using it
Take your time whilst
deciding were to
place but not to much
soldering time it
could blow the
component
Solder buzzer
Soldering iron
Wooden clipboard
Soldering iron can
burn you so be
careful whilst using it
Take your time whilst
deciding were to
place but not to much
soldering time it
could blow the
component
Solder reed switch
Soldering iron
Wooden clipboard
Soldering iron can
burn you so be
careful whilst using it
Take your time whilst
deciding were to
place but not to much
soldering time it
could blow the
component
Testing the circuit
Step
Action
Expected outcome
Ok?
1
When I turn the circuit I
expect the LED direct
connected to the power
to flash
The LED to flash when
the circuit is turned on
When turned it did as
expected
2
When the circuit is on
and one of the input
PTM switches is
activated the buzzer to
sound and the second
LED to flash
the output LED to flash
and the buzzer to
sound when the PTM is
activated
Yes it worked fine
3
Whilst the circuit has
been alarmed the
circuit to be reset via
the input PTM and the
circuit to return to
ready to sound
The circuit to reset after
alarmed and the PTM to
has been pushed
Worked fully as
antisipated
4
Equipment used
Printed circuit board (P.C.B)
This is a thin board of insulating
fibre with side of the borad
coated with a layer copper.
The components are mounted
with a copper forming mount
betwneen the board and the
components, the board is later
put into the etching tank where
all eccess coppper is taken of so
the borad is left with thin layers
of copper on them.
Etching tank A tank
containing liquid ferric
chloride that is used in the
production of printed circuit
boards (PCBs). The PCB is
immersed in the liquid which
is heated and then agitated by
a stream of bubbles;
unwanted copper cladding on
the PCB is removed by a
process known as etching.
Equipment used continued
Once the PCB has been etched holes are
drilled through the solder pads, for the
insertion of component wires, using a 1mm
drill bit.
Soldering iron
A hand tool used as a heat source for
soldering. Soldering irons have a copper bit or
tip for the efficient transfer of heat to the work
being soldered. Most soldering irons used in
electronics are electrically heated.
Practical building the circuit
This Is my original circuit board just after it
was made and before I started work on it
This just shows me checking to make
sure I have the chip component in the
right place before I solder it in, trying
to avoid any potential mistakes from
early on
This is just after my first soldering
having just soldered in the chip into
the board, no problems were yet
encountered,
Equipment used soldering iron and
working board
Practical work continued
This shows me checking the
resistance values of the resistor
before I solder them in, because
having checked I realized that I
was very close to putting the
wrong resistor in
And the picture below shows
me checking to make sure that
it was in the right place after
checking that they were the
right values
Then the picture to the right
shows me checking again as I
solder another resistor in
Practical work continued (2)
This shows me trimming the wires left
sticking out after I soldered the resistors
in to the board. I did this because it
made it easier to work around the board
and just for general access.
This is just after I made the components for my pressure mat, I cut out 3
squares of cardboard to 20x20cm size I then took one of then and
measured 5 cm in then cut out a 10 cm x 10 cm hole in it. The other two
sheets were coated in a layer of tin foil. I made almost a sandwich with
the three and put the card board sheet with the cut out in the middle of
the two coated ones.
I then got two wires measured then to 30cm then cut them to identical
length. Then the first 3 cm of one end of each wire was removed then first
1.5 cm on the other, the shorter side was tinned and the longer was frayed
and stuck onto the two outer sheets of cardboard with tin foil on them
around about the edge as far away from the middle as possible.
I then stuck the whole lot was later stuck together around the edge.
Practical work continued (3)
The key stages of my practical work were only displayed
and most of the rest consisted of the previously described
steps of checking where the component goes on the
printed circuit wizard diagram then double checking it
was the right way round then soldering it in.
Although most of the practical went to plan I did
encounter a fortunately salvageable situation.
It appeared that when making the pressure mat I hadnt
trimmed around the edges well enough meaning that
when I put the two together it made contact via the sides
even when not being pushed upon, so as a result I took
the whole thing apart again and then using a carpenters
trimming knife I cut of all of the tin foil from the sides
and then put it back together, it was a successful repair
and now the circuit works perfectly
Finished practical work
Finished circuit working
Evaluation of the circuit
Manufacturing improvements that could
be made
Functional imporvemnts that could be made to better
suit the users needs
when making the circuit i could run spend longer allowing
the soldering iron to heat up because on one of the solders i
did the soldering iron wasnt hot enough to melt the solder
and i almost resulted in the pcb board being damaged as a
result
I could possible looking at it now make one of the LED’s i put
in flashing to allow the user to see the difference between the
two in the alarming situation
When making the preassure mat with the two bits of card
with the tin foil stuck onto them , it would of been more
effient if i had trimmed the first 2cm of tin foil around the
edge of because when i didnt i was unrealiable so that was the
solution to the reliablilty issue.
I could possibly used a stand for my reed switch because when
trying to trigger my reed swith it was quite hard to hold it in
place to move the over magnet part of the reed switch to
trigger it hen it was free standing.
When checking the componetns were in the right place it
would of been helpfuil if i hadnt, printed the wrong sheet for
my pcb which ment it was very hard to find out were the
compents went before i realised i had printed the wrong sheet
i think this cost me quite a lot of time.
Although my preassure mat works if i was making this again i
think it would be more fucnstional if i had bought a
profesionally made preassure mat with a warantee because i
think tin foil will be prone to wear and tear in the long term
Evaluation of my circuit
Description of
Process
What went well
Problems
encountered/changes made
Action taken to deal with
problem
Design PCB and create
mask
Using circuit wizard was very
easy and quick
Having the two inputs using a
or gate meant that I got to many
terminal blocks in my P.C.B
I had to use a nor gate and a
nor gate convert to reduce it
down to one terminal block
in my P.C.B layout
Drill holes in solder pads
Some of holes drilled were
the right size the first time
making it very quick for the
start of my manufacture
Some of the holes needed to be
re-drilled to make them big
enough to fit the bigger wires.
The holes were re-drilled to
get them to the right size to
fit the wires in to the circuit
board
Add resistors
Most resistors fitted in easily
and I made little mistakes in
terms of choosing the right
resistors `
I put the wrong resistor in my
board
I had to unsolder the resistor
from the board then insert
the right one
Add transistors/thyristors
I made no mistakes soldering,
was easy
Figuring out the right way round
to get the transistor before I
soldered it in
I had to look deeper into my
circuit print out sheet to
access where the right
position was for it
Add Chip socket
I quickly found the chips
direction and soldered it in
correctly
Spent some time accessing what
direction the chip socket went in
Referring back to my printed
P.C.B circuit sheet
Add off board components
Very quick and the shrink
wrapping of the off board
components was easy
Tinning was easy to get wrong
and overdue meaning the wires
wouldn’t fit through the board
I had to go back afterwards
This was a lot quicker and
easier than anticipated,
because I found the right chip
for my circuit the first time
After inserting the chip I found
out there was a problem with my
pressure mat
I then had to dismantle my
Add chip to socket
and remove some of the
solder from the wires to make
them fit into the board
pressure mat to ensure that it
worked and then my circuit
worked very well and