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Scholar’s challenge – Thoughtful brain, troubled mind 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Disorders to identify Common symptoms include 1. Paranoia delusions, such as paranoid 2. Autism beliefs; hallucinations; 3. Schizophrenia disorganized thinking; and 4. Dyslexia negative symptoms, such as lack 5. Dementia of emotion and lack of motivation. There is no cure for the disease, 1. Bipolar which worsens as it progresses, 2. Autism and eventually leads to death. 3. Insomnia In the early stages, the most 4. ADHD common symptom is difficulty 5. Alzheimer’s in remembering recent events. An adult caregiver either makes 1. Bipolar a child appear sick by 2. Munchausen fabricating symptoms, or 3. Schizophrenia actually causing harm to the 4. Dementia child, in order to gain the 5. Alzheimer’s attention of medical providers and others. A sleep disorder in which there 1. Insomnia is an inability to fall asleep or to 2. Autism stay asleep as long as desired. 3. Schizophrenia 4. ADHD 5. Alzheimer’s Characterized by difficulty with 1. Bipolar learning to read fluently and 2. Munchausen with accurate comprehension 3. Alien Hand despite normal intelligence 4. Dyslexia 5. Paranoia A disorder of neural 1. Bipolar development characterized by 2. Autism impaired social interaction and 3. Insomnia verbal and non-verbal 4. ADHD communication, and by 5. Narcolepsy restricted, repetitive or stereotyped behavior. A neurological disorder in 1. Insomnia which the afflicted person's 2. Autism hand appears to take on a mind 3. Alien Hand of its own 4. ADHD 5. Alzheimer’s The rapid loss of brain function 1. Neurosis due to disturbance in the blood 2. Depression supply to the brain. This can be 3. Schizophrenia due to ischemia (lack of blood 4. Psychosis flow) caused by blockage 5. Stroke (thrombosis, arterial embolism), or a hemorrhage 3 5 2 1 4 2 3 5 Scholar’s challenge – Thoughtful brain, troubled mind 9 10 1 2 3 4 A mental illness classified by psychiatry as a mood disorder. Individuals with this experience episodes of an elevated or agitated mood known as mania alternating with episodes of depression. Previously known as multiple personality disorder (MPD) is an extremely rare mental disorder characterized by at least two distinct and relatively enduring identities or dissociated personality states that alternately control a person's behavior, and is accompanied by memory impairment for important information not explained by ordinary forgetfulness. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bipolar Depression Schizophrenia Neurosis Stroke 1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bipolar Dissociative personality disorder Schizophrenia Neurosis Stroke 2 Psychology terms to learn Maslow explicitly defines this to be 1. Forgetting Curve "the desire for self-fulfillment, 2. Four Humours namely the tendency for him [the 3. Law of Effect individual] to become actualized in 4. Self-Actualisation what he is potentially. This tendency 5. Unconscious might be phrased as the desire to become more and more what one is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming” This hypothesises the decline of 1. Forgetting Curve memory retention in time. 2. Four Humours 3. Law of Effect 4. Self-Actualisation 5. Unconscious Developed an assessment, which is a 1. Serotonin psychometric questionnaire 2. Carl Jung designed to measure psychological 3. Myers-Briggs preferences in how people perceive 4. Stanley Miligram the world and make decisions. 5. Unconscious The primary tenet of this, as 1. Behaviourism expressed in the writings of John B. 2. Extroversion Watson, B. F. Skinner, and others, is 3. Law of Effect that psychology should concern itself 4. Self-Actualisation with the observable behavior of 5. Attention theory people and animals, not with unobservable events that take place in their minds. 4 2 3 1 Scholar’s challenge – Thoughtful brain, troubled mind 5 Defined as "the state of or tendency toward being wholly or predominantly concerned with and interested in one's own mental life" 6 It is seen as a clinical and experimental field of psychology that aims to study, assess, understand and treat behaviors directly related to brain functioning Paul Ekman's most influential work which revolved around the finding that certain emotions appeared to be universally recognized, even in cultures that were preliterate and could not have learned associations for facial expressions through media. It is popularly thought to be a contributor to feelings of well-being and happiness 7 8 9 10 1 2 A branch of psychology that seeks "to find and nurture genius and talent" and "to make normal life more fulfilling", rather than merely treating mental illness. Scholarly and popular discussion about this relates to the relative importance of an individual's innate qualities as compared to an individual's personal experiences in causing individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Behaviourism Extroversion Law of Effect Self-Actualisation Introversion Forgetting Curve Four Humours Neuropsychology Extroversion Unconscious Six basic emotions Four Humours Law of Effect Seven sins of memory Unconscious 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Behaviourism Serotonin Law of Effect Self-Actualisation Nature versus nurture Behaviourism Positive Psychology Law of Effect Self-Actualisation Introversion Behaviourism Positive Psychology Law of Effect Nature versus nurture Introversion 2 Thinkers to investigate – Known for………. Was a physiological psychologist 1. Sigmund Freud who was interested in investigating 2. Carl Jung behaviors that were thought to be 3. Williams Wundt instinctual, or innate He studied 4. Zing-Yang Kuo chicken embryos, because it was 5. Francis Galton believed the distinctive pecking behavior chicks show immediately upon hatching was an instinctual, innate behavior. Was an Austrian neurologist who 1. Sigmund Freud became known as the founding 2. Carl Jung father of psychoanalysis. 3. William Wundt 4. Zing-Yang Kuo 5. Francis Galton 3 1 2 4 4 1 Scholar’s challenge – Thoughtful brain, troubled mind 3 4 5 6 7 Was an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism. Through his behaviorist approach, he conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising. In addition, he conducted the controversial "Little Albert" experiment. Was an American psychologist who was best known for creating a “hierarchy of needs”, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in selfactualization. Though he was a practising clinician and considered himself to be a scientist, much of his life's work was spent exploring tangential areas such as Eastern and Western philosophy, alchemy, astrology, and sociology, as well as literature and the arts. His interest in philosophy and the occult led many to view him as a mystic, although his ambition was to be seen as a man of science. His influence on popular psychology, the "psychologization of religion", spirituality and the New Age movement has been immense. The concept for which he is famous is the "conditioned reflex" he developed jointly with his assistant Ivan Filippovitch Tolochinov in 1901. He had come to learn this concept of conditioned reflex when examining the rates of salivations among dogs. He had learned then when a buzzer or metronome was sounded in subsequent time with food being presented to the dog in consecutive sequences, the dog will initially salivate when the food is presented. coming up with a paradigm that involved childhood trauma without causing harm to subjects. The lost in the mall technique was the result. The method involves attempting to implant a false memory of being lost in a shopping mall as a child and testing whether discussing a false event could produce a "memory" despite never happening. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Oliver Sacks Carl Jung Williams Wundt John Watson Francis Galton 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Oliver Sacks Erik Erikson Abraham Maslow John Watson Francis Galton 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Oliver Sacks Carl Jung Williams Wundt John Watson Francis Galton 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Oliver Sacks Carl Jung William Wundt John Watson Ivan Pavlov 5 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Elizabeth Loftus Carl Jung William Wundt John Watson Viktor Frankl 1 Scholar’s challenge – Thoughtful brain, troubled mind 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 Areas of the brain………Neurological terms The superior-most region of the 1. Cerebrum central nervous system (CNS), 2. Cerebellum comprising the cerebral cortex (of 3. Frontal Lobe the two cerebral hemispheres), as 4. Neurotransmitters well as several subcortical 5. Amygdala structures, including the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and olfactory bulb. It belongs to the limbic system and 1. Cerebrum plays important roles in the 2. Cerebellum consolidation of information from 3. Hippocampus short-term memory to long-term 4. Neurotransmitters memory and spatial navigation. 5. Amygdala Humans and other mammals have two, one in each side of the brain is a region of the brain that plays an 1. Cerebrum important role in motor control. It 2. Cerebellum may also be involved in some 3. Frontal Lobe cognitive functions such as attention 4. Neurotransmitters and language, and in regulating fear 5. Amygdala and pleasure responses. is an electrically excitable cell that 1. Neuron processes and transmits information 2. Brain stem through electrical and chemical 3. Frontal Lobe signals. 4. Neurotransmitters 5. Amygdala perform primary roles in the 1. Neuron formation and storage of memories 2. Brain stem associated with emotional events 3. Frontal Lobe 4. Neurotransmitters 5. Amygdala What treatments ?..... Electroconvulsive Treatment (ECT) 1. A stroke would typically be used to treat 2. Schizophrenia 3. Alien Hand 4. Phobias 5. Insomnia Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) 1. Psoriasis would help people with 2. Bulemia 3. Alopecia 4. Myopia 5. Tinnitus Lobotomy (now no longer practised) 1. Anxiety 2. Panic 3. Alopecia 4. Insanity 5. Tinnitus EMDR 1. A stroke 2. Depression 3. Phobias 1 3 2 1 5 2 2 4 4 Scholar’s challenge – Thoughtful brain, troubled mind 5 1 2 3 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Deep brain stimulation Post-traumatic stress Moods Parkinson’s disease Leukaemia Cancer Insanity Tinnitus Distinguish between…. 1. Psychiatry An academic and applied 2. Psychology discipline that involves the 3. Philosophy scientific study of mental functions and behaviors The study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with reality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language The medical specialty devoted to the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders. 1 2 1. Psychiatry 2. Psychology 3. Philosophy 3 1. Psychiatry 2. Psychology 3. Philosophy 1 Reclassify the ICDT………. 1 F00–F09 2 F10–F19 3 F20–F29 4 F30–F39 5 F40–F48 6 Behavioral syndromes associated with physiological disturbances and physical factors Disorders of psychological development F50–F59 Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use Disorders of adult personality and behavior F10–F19 F90–F98 F50–F59 Behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence Mental retardation 7 F60–F69 Organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders F00–F09 8 F70–F79 Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders F40–F48 9 F80–F89 Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders F20–F29 10 F90–F98 Mood [affective] disorders F30–F39 F80–F89 F60–F69 F70–F79