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Health and Nutrition For Nursing Carbohydrates From high to low, the sweetness ranking is as follows: A. Fructose, Lactose and glucose B. Lactose, galactose and sucrose C. Sucrose, Glucose and Galactose D. Lactose galactose, and maltose Protein Essential amino acids are called “essential” because: a. they are more important than the other amino acids b. they must be supplied by the food you eat c. they are more expensive than the other amino acids d. they can only be found in animal foods Vitamins A patient who refuses to eat vegitables is at risk for receiving a decreased amount of which vitamins? A. Beta-carotene, vit C B. Vit A and D C. Vit K and E D. Vit A and E Lipids All of the following statements about omega-3 fatty acids are true EXCEPT A. Help to maintain healthy triglyceride and high density lipoprotein B. They have significantly contributed to the obesity epidemic. C. Are necessary for healthy infant growth and development D. Play an important role in the production of hormones that govern numerous metabolic and biological processes Vitamins To ensure that your client gets the maximum absorption from their daily vitamin you would ensure that they take their vitamins before bed only if they haven’t eaten within the last hour. A. True B. False Water and Minerals A nurse is teaching a patient about fluid intake. Which of statements show that the patient understands the teaching? A I will drink 18 ounces of water daily. B I do not need to call my doctor if my urine is pale yellow. C I will only drink fruit juices when I feel thirsty. D I will call my doctor if I’m thirsty. Energy/Metabolism A 14 year old female patient weighing 120lbs who has been admitted for an eating disorder is concerned that she is eating too much and will gain weight. You know she understands the teachings of BMR when she correctly identifies the minimal amount of calories to eat per day as A. 1800 B. 2000 C. 1500 D. 1200 Vitamins A mother is worried that her teen daughter is getting too much Vit A as a means to fight acne. What are the recommended levels for women ages 19+? A. 564 mcg B. 800 mg C. 35 G D. 700 mcg Carbohydrates Adequate intake of carbs for men and women are: A. Men- 55g/day, Women- 45 g/day B. Men- 12g/day, Women-15g/day C. Men- 38 g/day, Women- 25g/day D. Men- 18g/day, Women- 14.3g/day Vitamins To increase the beta-carotene and Vit C a client eats during meal times, the client should do what? A. Eat at least two pieces of fruit a day B. Add one fruit and one vegetable to each meal C. Eat fruit in the morning when you are better able to absorb the nutrients. D. Drink a large glass of milk. Energy/Metabolism A very active 13 year old male patient has come in weighing less than his healthy weight. His mother states he practices football 6 days a week for 3 hours, he is highly active. His mother feels that he has been skimping on his meals. How many calories should he be eating per day to maintain weight? A. 3000 B. 2600 C. 1800 D. 2000 Energy/Metabolism When discussing replacement items for food, ensure that the client knows that fat free and sugar free choices are always the better choices. A. True B. False Carbohydrates The Three subsections of carbohydrates are: A. Simple, Complex and Glycogen B. Simple, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides C. Monosaccaharides, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides D. Monosaccharides, Complex and Polysaccharides Lipids The main function of fat is: A. Facilitate carbohydrate metabolism B. Promote absorptions of fat soluble vitamins C. Provide energy D. Entice people to eat foods that are cooked in it. Vitamins A client who is newly emigrated from Indonesia has been diagnosed with beriberi. Which food would the nurse encourage the client to eat to correct this deficiency? A. Nuts, pork and liver B. Eggs, spinach and okra C. Citrus fruit, strawberries and kiwi D. shellfish, dairy, and eggs Lipids Fats are divided into the following categories: triglycerides, saturated fats, unsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, phospholipids, sterols, and essential fatty acids. Which category does Cholesterol fit into? Sterols Carbohydrates High fructose corn syrup is a combination of the following: A. Fructose and Glucose B. Fructose and Sucrose C. Galactose and Fructose D. Lactose and Fructose Lipids All fats are bad A. True B. False Carbohydrates A mother who is concerned about teaching her child good eating habits asks you what types of “good carbs” she should give her son. Some examples you can give are: A. Cracker crumbs don’t need to be replaced as breading for meats B. Tortilla chips are healthy since they give you a good amount of carbs. C. Brown rice is a good carb. D. Refined corn meal is a cleaner version of whole corn meal and is better for digestion. Carbohydrates Glucose, when overloaded, leaves a byproduct that the kidneys have a difficult time excreting. A. True B. False Water and Minerals How much water do we lose daily? A.1000 - 2000 ml B.1500 – 3000 ml C.1750 – 3000 ml D.1250 – 2000 ml Lipids What fruit contains fat? A. Potatoes B. Beans C. Avocado D. None of the above Water and Minerals Which of the 3 major electrolytes is responsible for transmission of nerve impulses and skeletal muscle contractility? A. Potassium B. Chloride C. Sodium D. Phosphorus Water and Minerals Which of the following is not a function of water? A. Regulation of body temperature B. Nutrient and oxygen transport C. Waste product elimination D. Hormone activity Vitamins A patient who eats a well diet fortified in which vitamin and takes a suppliment of this same vitamin is in danger of toxicity. Which vitamin would you warn your client against taking if their diet is already fortified with it? A. Vit D B. Vit C C. Vit K D. Vit A Carbohydrates The nurse understands that a patient who has been receiving morphine for pain management needs functional fiber in his diet because functional fiber is a: A. Fiber that functions in both humans and animals B. Fiber that is extracted into nondigestible carbs that have a beneficial physiological effect C. Combination of dietary and insoluable fiber D. “Roughage” that is found in plants Vitamins The teenage client who has been receiving acne medication shows toxicity of which vitamin? Vit D Vit E Vit A Vit K Protein These foods are significant sources of protein: a. broccoli, spinach, carrots, green beans b. chicken, cheese, eggs, beans c. apples, bananas, oranges, grapes d. honey, molasses, maple syrup e. all of the above Water and Minerals As a nurse, you are developing a teaching plan for a client who is lactose intolerant. Which of the following food would you recommend for your client as a source of calcium? A. Broccoli B. Cheese C. Milk D. Chocolate Lipids The essential fatty acids that must be derived from the diet are: A. Gamma-linoleic acid and arachidonic acid B. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid C. Linoleic and alpha linoleic acid D. Stearidonic acid and eicosatetraenoic acid Vitamins Your male client is afraid of getting prostate cancer since his father had it. He has heard that “phytochemicals” have some ability to aid the body against development of this cancer. What should the client eat? A. Red fruits and vegetables B. Garlic and onions C. Soybeans and tofu D. Spinach and squash Vitamins The nurse knows the client understands the teaching on obtaining adequate amts of vitamins when he says the following: A. Because I am healthy, I should be able to get all the vitamins I need from a well balanced diet. B. No matter what my health condition I should always have vitamins twice a day. C. When I am sick I will increase my vitamin supplements to four times a day. D. If I drink too much water with my vitamin supplements I will wash the vitamins out of my system, I will take them with milk. Lipids Fat is an essential body nutrient that all clients need to eat. A. True B. False Carbohydrates Starch takes approx _____ to complete digestions: A. 8 hours B. 3 hours C. 30 minutes D. 1 day Vitamins A deficiency in Vit C will cause which series of symptoms in a client? Bleeding gums, Scurvy, and bone softening Anorexia, fatigue and depression General body failure Pallor, dyspnea and weakness Protein The “building blocks” of protein are called: a. essential fatty acids b. amino acids C. fibrous tissue D. complementary protiens E. all of the above Carbohydrates The nurse understands that the diabetic client understands the teaching when he says, “I can have foods anywhere on the glycemic index as long as I maintain a good carb balance.” A. No B. Yes Carbohydrates The nurse understands that the client understands the teaching when she says “If I want to lower my carb count, I have to count sugars. I can’t have sugar alcohol because that is only for diabetics”. True False Protein The nurse is looking up causes of marasmus. She would expect to see what as the cause? A. Lack of iron B. Lack of 3 of the 9 amino acids C. Lack of Thiamine D. Lack of protien Energy/Metabolism Abdominal fat is a reliable indicator of disease risk. What is the clinical measurement for waist circumfrence? A. 35in in women and 40in in men B. 40 in in women and 45 in in men C. 33in in women and 43 in in men D. 35in for both men and women Vitamins The pediatric nurse urges the clients mother to feed the child which food that is high in beta carotene to assist with eye devolpement? A. Egg yolks B. nuts C. Spinach D. Whole Grain Carbohydrates Your client is correct when he says that he should have whole grain breads as the bulk of his carbohydrate allotment for the days diet because fruits have no fiber available for the human digestive system to use. True False Protein While doing a nutritional assessment of a low-income family, the community health nurse determines that the family’s diet is inadequate in protein content. The nurse suggests which of the following foods to increase protein content with little increase in food expenditure? A) Oranges and potatoes B) Potatoes and rice C) Rice and macaroni D) Peas and beans Energy/Metabolism Moderate alcohol consumption is defined as (choose all that apply) A. 1 drink/day for men B. 2 drinks/day for men C. 1 drink/day for women D. 2 drinks/day for women Energy/Metabolism A negative calorie balance means that a patient is loosing important nutritional value in his meals and he will dangerously loose weight. An intervention needs to be taken immediately to reverse a soon to be dangerous condition. A. True B False Lipids No more than what percent of calories should come from fat? A. 40-50% B. 20-35% C. 10% or less D. Both B and C are correct Energy/Metabolism Restaurant portions are consistantly how much larger than normal expected portions of food? A. 100% larger B. 75% larger C. 80% larger D. 250% larger Energy/Metabolism The nurse explains that Body Mass Index measurements are ideal because A. It lets the nurse know how boyant a body will be in water. B. It allows for proper calibration of the bed scale. C. It provides and estimate of body fat and the risk of disease. D. BMI is the same thing as height/weight ratio, and both are detrimental when it comes to fighting the national obesity epidemic. Carbohydrates The compositions blocks for disaccharides are A. glucose, fructose and galactose B. glucose, sucrose and glycogen C. galactose, maltose and lactose D. sucrose, maltose and lactose Energy/Metabolism When discussing body type, which is the best estimated “type” when weighing the risk of diabetes? A. Apple shape B. Pear shape C. Oak Tree D. Volumptuous Vitamins A patient who has chronic diarrhea is at risk for which deficiency? A. Folate B. Vit B6 C. Niacin D. Thiamin Energy/Metabolism When making healthier choices in food groups which is the improper replacement? A. Whole milk for low fat milk B. Beef chuck for trimmed beef loin C. Pasta with red sauce for pasta with white sauce D. Sour cream for low fat yogurt Lipids The client asks the nurse what the best source of omega-3 fatty acids are. The nurse would answer best with: A. Walnuts and flaxseed B. Canola and olive oil C. Haddock and cod fish D. Salmon and trout Lipids What foods should the nurse teach a client to limit in order to limit saturated fat in their diet? A. Canola and olive oil B. Fried foods and dairy products C. Full fat dairy products and red meat D. Poultry and sea food Lipids The nurse has been teaching the client about trans fats. The client understands the teaching when he says which of the following contain trans fat? A. Lard and butter B. Nuts and crackers C. Margarine and commercial baked goods D. Dairy products and fatty meat Energy/Metabolism A client wants to know which diets are better for weight loss. You supply which answer: A. A deficit count diet B. Low fat diet C. Low carb diet D. Low fat/carb diet Water and Minerals These are inorganic elements that originate from the earth’s crust. A. Water B. Vitamins C. Minerals D. Energy Protein Most complete proteins come from: a. animal sources b. beans, peas and lentils c. Canada d. cleaning your plate e. all of the above Lipids The nurse knows that her teachings were effective when a client states which of the following regarding “heart healthy” types of fats in their diet? A. Canola and olive B. Cotton seed and soybean C. Soybean and olive D. Corn and vegetable Protein Protein is necessary for: a. making hormones, enzymes and antibodies b. maintaining fluid balance c. clotting of blood d. transporting oxygen e. all of the above Protein A woman is 26 weeks pregnant. She over hears the doctor saying that her nitrogen levels are high, as he expected. The nurse’s best response would be: A. I understand you are upset by what you overheard. B. I will ask the doctor to come and explain this to you. C. This is a normal course of pregnancy. D. There may be something off with the pregnancy, let me check for you. Water and Minerals Which of the following is a general function of minerals? A. Provides shape and structure to cells B. Eliminates waste products C. Nerve cell transmission and muscle contraction D. Major compound of mucus and other lubricating fluids Water and Minerals Phosphorus is an important component of RNA and DNA and is responsible for activating many enzymes and the B vitamins. A. True B. False Protein A patient is made extremely sick when she eats carbs. As a result, she has found that increasing protein to make up for lost calories and cutting back carbs has a beneficial effect, her stomach doesn’t hurt. However, she was told this can cause cancer, especially in women over 45. Is she right? A. True B. False Protein A mother is very upset when her 16 year old daughter tells her she wants to follow a vegan diet. The mother tells the nurse she is afraid her daughter will become anemic. What is the best response by the nurse? A. Some vegans have to have protein shots to supplement what they are lacking in diet. B. Consult with a dietitian, but there are many vegan diets that can meet or exceed expected protein needs. C. Vegan diets must be watched carefully, adolescents tend to choose “vegan” diets when they are trying to loose weight. D. Vegan diets will induce anemia, and your daughter needs a prescription for an iron replacement to be safe. Energy/Metabolism A client with type II diabetes has expressed a desire to loose weight. She has understood your teachings when she states that she has to decrease her intake vs outtake by how many calories per day to lose 1 lb per week? A. 300 calories B. 800 calories C. 500 calories D. 1000 calories Protein A vegan is worried about loosing protein in her diet, however, she is also afraid of choosing high fat replacements for meat. Which of the following would NOT be a good replacement of meat in her diet? A. Soy milk B. Soy Cheese C. Oatmeal cookies D. Fresh fruit Water and Minerals Mineral toxicity is related to excessive use of mineral supplements, environmental or industrial exposure, human errors in commercial food processing, or alterations in metabolism. A. True B. False Water and Minerals Which of the following are the major electrolytes in our body? A. Sodium, Magnesium, Calcium B. Sodium, Chloride, Potassium C. Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium D. Sodium, Chloride, Phosphorus Water and Minerals Which of the 3 major electrolytes is responsible for regulation of cell permeability as well as movement of fluid, electrolytes, glucose, insulin, and amino acids? A. Magnesium B. Chloride C. Potassium D. Sodium Water and Minerals A nurse is teaching a client with hypertension tips for lowering their sodium intake. Which of the following statements indicate that the client did not understand the teaching? A. I should eat canned food everyday. B. I should limit salty snacks. C. I should use fresh vegetables in place of pickles. D. I should cook pasta without salt. Protein A standard 3 oz. serving of meat is about the size of: a. a golf ball b. an Apple iPad c. a softball d. a deck of playing cards DONE WITH THE QUESTIONS!!!!!!!!!