Download All roads lead to Rome.

Chapter 13, Section 2 pgs 318-325
The Roman World
The Roman Republic
“All roads lead to Rome.”
• The city of Rome
was established in
753 BCE.
The Roman Republic
• Rome est. in 754 BCE by the Latins
• Ruled by kings
• Learned about written language, how to build
roads and sewers.
The Beginning of the Republic
• 509 BCE the last Roman king was overthrown.
• The Roman Republic was formed
A Republic is a type of government in which people elect leaders
to make laws for them.
• Created a Senate, a council of rich and powerful Romans who
helped run the city.
• For Rome’s republic to be successful, the citizens, or people
who could take part in the government, had to be involved.
The Roman Forum A large public square where citizens
would meet to discuss city affairs.
Growth and Conquest
• By 100 BCE, Romans ruled much of the
Mediterranean world
• Romans fought the people of Carthage, a city in
North Africa.
Julius Caesar
• General in the Roman army in the 40s BCE.
• Caesar’s conquests made very powerful and
popular
• Senate feared his popularity, banded together
and killed him in 44BCE.
• His adopted son, Octavian become the first
emperor of Rome.
Octavian (Augustus)/The First Emperor
27 BCE
• Punished all of Caesar’s murderers, became
very powerful.
• Was admired and respected.
• Added a great deal of territory to the empire.
• Built monuments and public buildings in
Rome.
• Expanded Rome’s network of roads.
-improved trade and travel
Pax Romana
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•
•
•
A long period of peace and achievement.
Lasted 200 years
No wars or rebellions
Attention was focused on improving Roman
Society
Roman Building and Engineering
• Roman builders used arches to give their
buildings strength.
• Many of the structures are still standing over
2000 years.
• Built Aqueducts, channels
Used to carry water over
Long distances
Roman Language and Law
• Latin spoken in ancient Rome
Spanish, French, Italian and English are Latin
based
• Many modern countries in the world base
their government on the Roman Republic.
Elected leaders who make the laws, citizens who
obey them. Roman 12 Tablets/U.S. Constitution
Official Roman
Religion: Christianity
by the end of the 300s
Acceptance
• Persecution did not
cause Christians to
abandon their
religion
• by the 300s,
Constantine
became a Christian
making Christianity
widely accepted
The Spread of Christianity
The Beginnings of Christianity
• Based on the life, actions and
teachings of Jesus of Nazareth
• Lived in taught in the Roman
territory of Judea
• Christian ideas were spread by
Jesus’s followers throughout the
Roman world
Persecution
• Roman leaders feared Christians
were not loyal to Rome
• Christians were arrested or killed
Decline of Rome-6 Reasons
1. Poor leaders cared less for the people of Rome than
they did their own happiness.
2. Taxes increased, prices rose, poverty increased.
3. People became less loyal to Rome.
4. The empire was too large for a single person to
govern well.
5. Military leaders fought each other for power.
6. Barbarians invaded the empire from outside.
Roman Roads, Pg 326-327:
Write Question and Answer in your spiral
• How many miles of roads did the Romans build?
• How were Roman roads constructed?
• What is the purpose of a “milestone”?
• What was the main purpose for building the
roads?
• Why do people say, “all roads lead to Rome?
Create your personal milestone
• Milestones were created by the Romans to
mark how far a person has traveled. The word
milestone is used today in regards to an
important event in a person’s life. Write
about a milestone in your life. Include details
such as, how old you were, what the event
was, was a happy or sad event, and why this
event was important to you to be considered a
milestone in your life?
Roman Mosaic Examples