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Download Unit 2 Vocabulary – Plate Tectonics
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Transcript
Name ________________________________________ Earth and Space Science Course 320 Date ___________ Unit 2 Vocabulary – Plate Tectonics crust – solid, rocky outer layer of Earth mantle – solid middle region of Earth inner core – solid iron/nickel center of Earth outer core – liquid iron/nickel layer above the inner core continental crust – the thicker part of the crust that makes up the continents and consists mainly of rocks such as granite (low density, light color). oceanic crust – the thinner part of the crust that makes up the ocean floor. It is made up of primarily basalt (higher density, dark color). lithosphere – the layer of Earth made up of the crust and upper mantle asthenosphere – the plastic-like, but solid, layer in the mantle which allows the lithosphere above to move continental drift hypothesis – the continents once formed a giant landmass (Pangaea), broke apart, and then drifted to their current locations mid-ocean ridge – a continuous mountain chain on the floor of all major ocean basins seafloor spreading – process where the sea floor spreads apart along both sides of an oceanic ridge as new crust forms from molten rock at the center. subduction zone – an area where oceanic crust is forced down into the mantle beneath another plate plate tectonics theory – changes in Earth’s crust, including the movement of continents, is caused by the slow movement of large plates plate – section of the lithosphere usually made up of both oceanic and continental crust divergent boundary – plate boundary (edge) where two plates diverge, or move apart, and new crust or lithosphere is formed convergent boundary – plate boundary where two plates converge, or come together transform fault boundary – plate boundary where two plates slide past one another with no creation or destruction of lithosphere hot spot -- stationary plumes of magma that rises up causing volcanic activity 1