Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Eat Well Live Well with Spinal Cord Injury: Addressing Secondary Health Complications through Nutrition Joanne Smith B.A., BRT Dip., CNP Kylie James, B.Sc., O.T., CNP Common Question SCI patients asked… What are you taking? Equally important question often not asked… What are you eating? Bad Diet Disease SCI FACTS: Poor diets Nutrient deficient Common Nutrient Deficiencies Vitamin A B2 (riboflavin) B9 (folic acid) B12 Vitamin D Vitamin E Calcium Chromium Magnesium Zinc Fiber EFA’s Average - 7 Secondary Health Complications a Year: Constipation/ bowel obstruction Diarrhea UTI’s Obesity Pressure sores Osteoporosis Arthritis Type 2 diabetes Heart disease Pain Sleep disorders Digestive dysfunction Why Use Supplements? Digestive dysfunction deceases nutrient absorption Body has an increased demand for specific nutrients to address health conditions Food alone may not be able to provide the nutrient levels required for therapeutic effect Addresses clients compliance & preference Certain medications deplete nutrients Processed foods limited in nutrients Nutritional Protocols Weight Gain SCI FACTS: One of the most common secondary health complications 65% of people with SCI are overweight - 1/3rd obese Contributes to other health issues: Type 2 diabetes CVD/reduced life expectancy Joint problems and pain High blood pressure/stress on kidneys Hormonal imbalances Client Case: 50 years old C 5-6-7 incomplete quadriplegic 3 yrs. post injury Gained 40 lbs post injury Developed pressure sore on coccyx 1. Increase Protein Necessary for hormone production involved in weight loss Does not raise insulin Helps curb appetite Healthy Sources Fish Chicken/turkey Nuts/seeds Legumes/lentils 2. Reduce Refined Carbohydrates Helps balance blood sugar levels Improves insulin sensitivity SCI associated with glucose intolerance & insulin resistance Healthy low GI complex carbohydrates Wild/brown rice Vegetables Quinoa Legumes/lentils 3. Eat Good Fats Increases metabolic rate Helps curb cravings Helps suppress appetite Healthy sources Oily fish Nuts/seeds Eggs Olives/oil Avocado 4. Increase Fiber Helps slow release of glucose/decreases risk of insulin resistance Helps to feel full faster Helps rid the body of toxins Calorie-free Healthy sources Fruits/vegetables Oats Legumes/lentils 5. Boost Metabolism Helps thermogenic foods that help stimulate metabolism Healthy sources Hot peppers Green tea Apples/apple cider vinegar Brussels sprouts/broccoli Celery Berries 6. Chromium Helps improve insulin sensitivity Healthy sources Whole grains Tomatoes Onions Broccoli Supplement dose 200-400 mcg/day Outcome Lost 40 lbs in 20 weeks In conjunction with working out 2 hours a day (arm bike & body weight support treadmill) 5x/week Increased energy Increased self-esteem Pressure Sores SCI FACTS: 85-95% risk of developing Risk increases with time since injury Accounts for high number of re-hospitalizations Can be life-threatening Contributes to other health issues: Infection/osteomyelitis Fatigue Client Case: 47 years old C4-5 incomplete quadriplegic 25 yrs. post injury Developed 1st sore At 9 months- stage 4 sore on sacrum – required surgery for infection Post-surgery healing - rate of 5% every two weeks 1. Increase Calories To meet increased energy and protein needs required for healing 30-35 calories per kg of body weight Healthy sources Nut butters Dried fruits/juices Avocados Whole grains Coconut milk 2. Increase Protein Essential for growth and repair of new tissues 1.2-1.5 grams of protein per kg of body weight Healthy sources Fish Beef/poultry Quinoa/beans/lentils Nuts/seeds Protein powders/smoothies 3. Take Vitamins A,C, E & zinc Supports collagen production & stimulates immune system Increase foods rich in these vitamins Yellow & orange vegetables/sweet potato Broccoli, red & green peppers Sunflower seeds, olives/oil Pumpkin seeds, yogurt Supplements Vitamin A (5000 IU/d) Vitamin C (3000 mg/d) Vitamin E (400-800 IU/day) Zinc (50-100 mg/day) 4. Drink 8 cups Fluids/day Helps skin wounds heal more quickly Carries important repair substances Eliminates wastes/toxins 5. Eat Healthy Fats Required for proper cell production Helps maintain skin integrity and elasticity Healthy Sources Fish/fish oils Walnuts Flax seeds 6. Take Amino Acid Supplements Supports skin wounds Supplements Glutamine (5-40 grams/day) Lysine (3000 mg/day) Proline (2000 mg/day) Outcome Healing time increased from 5% to 10% every 2 weeks Wound completely healed in 6 months Nutrition is… An integral part of rehabilitation process Important for helping prevent and reduce secondary health complications Key in optimizing long term health & well-being So what are you eating? www.eatwelllivewellwithsci.com [email protected] 416.562.1344 [email protected] 416.992.2927