Download 15) a) HEREDITY: Passing of traits from parent to offspring. b

15) a) HEREDITY: Passing of traits from parent to offspring.
b) GENETICS: The study of how traits are inherited.
16) POLYGENIC INHERITANCE: The phenotypic expression of
a trait involving the interaction of many genes.
17) EXTINCTION: The death and disappearance of a species.
The fossil record shows that extinctions have been frequent in
the history of life. Mass extinctions refer to the loss of a large number of
species in a relatively short period of time. Episodes of mass extinction
occur at times of rapid global environmental change; five such events are
known from the fossil record of the past 600 million years. Human
activity is causing extinctions on a scale comparable to the
mass extinctions in the fossil record.
18) a) Heterozygous Genotype: Possessing one dominant and
one recessive allele (Ee)
b) Homozygous Genotype: Possessing either two dominant
alleles (EE) or two recessive alleles (ee).
19) ARTIFICIAL SELECTION – The process by which humans
breed other animals and plants for particular traits (aka
selective breeding).
We will be doing an activity on breeding dogs on Friday.
If you have a dog and would like to share a picture, send me an image:
[email protected]
Scruffy
E.Q. What is Darwin’s theory on evolution?
Write two
to three
questions
here that
are
answered
by the
notes!
Evolution refers to changes in inherited characteristics of a species over time.
B) Darwin’s model of evolution
1) Darwin hypothesized that plants and animals he saw in the Galapagos
Islands originally came from Central and South America.
2) Darwin reasoned that members of a population best able to survive
and reproduce will pass their traits to the next generation; over time,
separate species can evolve.
C) Darwin hypothesis became known as the theory of evolution by natural
selection – organisms with traits best suited to their environment will more
likely survive and reproduce.
D) Variation of inherited traits within a population makes an individual different
from other members of its species; (an adaptation is a variation that makes
an organism better suited to its environment.)
1) When environmental changes occur (biotic and/or abiotic), organisms
best suited to the change will be more likely to reach the age of
reproduction. This is why variation of traits is important in a population
(for example, Darwin’s Finches).
The breeding of animals or plants by humans to
enhance one or more traits = Selective Breeding
A change in the
environment could
apply new pressure
on a population – if
the pressure
continues, in time, the
population will have
different traits than it
did before the
pressure.
Deforestation occurs for many reasons: trees or derived charcoal are used as, or sold, for
fuel or as timber, while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock, plantations of
commodities, and settlements. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has
resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. It has adverse impacts on
biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Deforested regions typically incur significant
adverse soil erosion and frequently degrade into wasteland.
Beak size and shape impacted the type of food a finch
could obtain.
Small beaks good for
gathering grass seeds
Large beaks to crack
large seeds.
1
2
3
1) According to
“substantial scientific
evidence” what animal did
domestic dogs evolve
from?
1) Substantial scientific
evidence suggests that the
domestic dog evolved from
the wolf.
2) Today there are about
__ distinct breeds of dog,
most of which came into
existence in the last __ __.
2) 400, 200 years.
3) What is “the selective
breeding of organisms to
produce offspring with
desirable traits” known as?
3) The breeding of organisms
to produce offspring with
desirable traits is known as
selective breeding.
EQ: What is Darwin’s theory on evolution?
Summary
Step1: answer the essential question:
Step 2: answer each question you created for each chunk of information
Step 3: End with any past knowledge that you can combine with these notes
AND/OR
any question that you have that the notes did not answer
Computer Lab Do:
1)  Foss/Larkeys/Selective Breeding
2)  Bolerscience.net/content links/Survival Game
Eli’s Dog
Hailey’s Dog
Scruffy
Lillian’s Dog
Ms Heck’s Dog and Cat
Ohka’s Dog
Ean’s Dog
Will’s Dogs
1 What do you know about dogs?
2. In your groups make a list of at least 10
different types of dogs
3. How do we get different types of dogs?
Describe some features
or abilities of dogs for
which humans might
breed.