Download Pink Plant Flashcards - mvhs

Distinguish between
these 3 root types:
TAP ROOT
FIBROUS ROOT
ADVENTIOUS ROOT
SIEVE TUBE
ELEMENTS
XYLEM
TONOPLAST
COMPANION CELLS
PHLOEM
Define and distinguish
between:
APICAL MERISTEM
and
LATERAL MERISTEM
CUTICLE
CASPARIAN STRIP
PALISADE
MESOPHYLL
Distinguish between:
DERMAL TISSUE
VASCULAR TISSUE
GROUND TISSUE
Distinguish between:
Zone of Maturation
Zone of Elongation
Zone of Cell Division
Define and distinguish
between:
STOMA
and
GUARD CELLS
Distinguish between the
APOPLAST PATHWAY
and
SYMPLAST PATHWAY
in roots.
SPONGY MESOPHYLL
Dermal Tissue – Outer covering of
plant (c________, e_________)
Tonoplast - The membrane that
surrounds the central vacuole of a
plant cell. Allows the plant cell to store
_____________. It helps the cell
remain _______________
(stiff/plump).
Tap – Large single root that digs deep;
storage for plant. Example: ______.
Fibrous – Many smaller roots
stretching out. More surface area for
better ___________.
Adventious – Sends out roots above
________ and then starts digging in
new place. Think: the root is taking
an “adventure” by going above ground
to seek out new places.
Zone of Maturation – Area where plant
cells differentiate into various types of
tissue.
Zone of Elongation – Area where plant
cells __________.
Zone of Cell Division – Area where
__________ occurs and new plant cells
are formed. This is also known as the
apical meristem.
Companion cells are part of the phloem
and adjacent to _______________.
They contain a nucleus and organelles
to support the empty sieve tube cells.
Think: Companion means a supportive
friend. These cells are supportive
friends of the sieve tube cells.
Sieve Tube Elements are the main cells
of the ___________. They are living
cells that contain cytoplasm, but very few
organelles. They transport sugars
throughout the plant. They are
supported by __________________.
Stoma – Hole on a leaf to allow
for_____ _____________.
Phloem – the structure in vascular
plants that transports____________.
The phloem is made up of sieve tube
elements and companion cells.
Xylem – the structure in vascular
plants that transports __________ and
minerals. Made up of ____________
and _________________.
Cuticle – Waxy outcovering of a leaf
to protect from _______ ______.
Apical Meristem – Primary new
growth that results in ___________ of
plant and organ formation.
Vascular Tissue – Tissue that
transports water, minerals, and sugars
(_________ and ________)
Ground Tissue – Photosynthetic
tissue, storage tissue, and structural
support tissues,
Guard cells – Cells on either side of
_______ that regulate the opening and
closing. When guard cells are filled
with water, the stoma is______.
When guard cells don’t have water,
then the stoma is ________.
Apoplast Pathway – pathway
_______ cells (between cell walls and
extracellular spaces) in which
materials can pass.
Lateral Meristem – Secondary growth
that results in w______ and b______.
Symplast Pathway – pathway
_______ cells (via plasmodesmata) in
which materials can pass. Think
“sym” = “together”, so symplast is
together with (or through) a cell.
Spongy Mesophyll – cells of a leaf
which form ________ spaces to allow
gas exchange to occur. Think: a
sponge has holes.
Pallisade Mesophyll – cells of a leaf
which contribute most to
photosynthesis. They contain many
chloroplasts and are normally found
on the ________ side of a leaf. Think:
palisade for photosynthesis.
Casparian Strip – A waterproof strip
in the ______dermis of roots that
forces water through a ______plast
pathway.