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Renaissance (Unit 9)
I.
Renaissance- 1350-1700
1. What is the Renaissance?
a. Background- French word for _____________ or ______________
Beginning of the ____________ era (timeline)
Renewed interest in art, literature, humanism, science
__________ revival in Greek and Roman Classics (antiquity)
__________ Philosophy of life, man’s appreciation of nature and
the life on earth.
__________ man looking past the Church for answers
__________ it was the way they did the art
b. Where did it begin and why there?
It began in _______________
1. A lot of ______________
Trading different ideas from all ports (center of European
trade)
Wealth (Renaissance very expensive, involved the upper
crust of society)
2. Close to __________, __________, and Constantinople (original
documents of Greece).
3. City-state system stimulated _________________
c. Inventions help end the medieval Times.
1. Johann ____________ in 1454 invented the ___________.
1. __________ the volume of material
2. decrease ___________ errors
3. reduce the ___________ of books
Printing press major impact on the spread of the Renaissance.
2. ____________, probably brought from China, meant the end
of the feudal castle, and increased the ability of the monarch to
wage war against feudal barons.
3. ____________, brought from China through Spain, plus
geographical knowledge gained from Arab cartographers made
possible the discovery of the new world during the 1500’s and
the commercial revolution in Europe.
d. How did the Church feel about the Renaissance?
1. Church still ___________ in Italy
2. Church had __________ and did not want to change
3. Did not want them to believe in new Science (__________)
4. Churches believes were around for __________ years
5. Many _________ were forced to keep their believes _________
What is the Renaissance all about?
1. Humanism
2. Literature
3. Science
4. Art
1. _____________
- ____________ of the Renaissance that focused on ________ and
______ on earth. It also stressed the ________ of each person
(freedom of mind and expression).
- Impact on the Church
Humanism stressed living fuller lives in this world and do not
worry about the afterlife. Life at this time was seen as a
stopping ground before one went to the afterlife.
Humanism asks man to live life to its fullest. They stressed
that there are other things important in life and you can still
be a good Christian.
It was a __________, non-religious, movement.
2. Literature figures
a. __________ (1304-1374)
“Father of humanism.”
Great poet—wrote his _________ about Laura
Talks about earthy love and physical beauty rather then the glory of God.
b. Boccaccio (1313-1375)
Author of the ___________ about 10 people trying to escape the
Black plague each telling stories.
Italian ____________ and he criticized the church.
c. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)
author who wrote ___________
He wrote about what the perfect world and society should be like
by indirectly criticizing his world.
Utopia means __________ world.
d. Erasmus (1466-1536)
“___________ of Humanism.”
Author of ____ __________________a satire, making fun of
superstitions of the clergy and Christians.
Applied humanist believes to the Bible
e. _________________ (1459-1522)
Author of The Prince- described a government as it actually should
work
The quality of being a great leader with the lack of ___________.
-By what ever means necessary
Casare Borgia was the leader that he pictured. Lorenzo de
Medici patron to many artists and admired by Machiavellia.
f. Dante (1265-1321)
Wrote a poem called the ______________ which had three smaller
poems in it (Inferno, Purgatory, Paradise) about Dante going
through the after life to find his love.
3. The Scientific Revolution
a. What was the Scientific Revolution?
The Scientific ___________ was a movement brought about by
man’s desire for new ____________ and a better way of doing
things. Previously, man had accepted as truth the teachings of the
Catholic Church (Dogma) and writings of ancient scholars.
b. Ptolemy’s ideas and church teachings before the Revolution.
-___________ was an ancient Greek astronomer that believed the
earth was the center if the universe. He said the sun, stars, and
planets traveled around the earth. People did not conduct
experiments or question ____________ beliefs. These ideas were
accepted for more then 1500 years.
-The Catholic Clergy then used __________ to justify Ptolemy.
God made the Universe with the Earth in the middle.
-This thinking changed in the 1500 and 1600 as people began to
doubt. Their desire for the truth led to careful ___________,
experimentation, and the important new discoveries. These
truths led to our understanding of the universe, nature, and man
himself.
C. Famous Scientists that rocked the world at this time.
1. Nicholas ____________ (1473-1543) of Poland.
Copernicus disputed the Ptolemaic theory, which stated that the
_________ revolved around the earth.
2. Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) of Germany
Kepler carried Copernicus’ theory further and discovered that
the planets orbit the sun in a oval (rather than circular).
Discovered the Laws of Planetary _________.
3. Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) of Italy
In 1609, Galileo built one of the first ___________, confirmed
the Copernican theory, and suggested that planetary bodies
were made of the same substance as the earth. Galileo’s work
threatened existing church teachings, and he was forced to
______ by the Catholic Church.
4. Isaac ________ (1642-1727) of England
a. Law of ________ were the same for the earth and all other
parts of the universe.
b. Law of ________ causes objects to fall to the earth. Gravity
also causes planets to revolve around the sun instead of
flying off into space.
c. Law of _______ - a object will remain in the same place until
a force causes it to move.
-a moving object will continue to move until
a force causes it to stop.
4. Art- Differences between Medieval Art and Renaissance Art
a. _______________ Art
-Figures ________ and unstylish
-Lacked ____________ and dealt with _______ (Blank
Expression)
-__________ Glass
-__________ Columns
b. Renaissance Art
-________ used better, made it look real
-Showed the expressions in the face
-Introduced ___________- perspective
-Light and _____________
Artists of the Renaissance
a. Donatello: First great sculptor
_________- First actual real size nude person since classics
Very accurate and studied Anatomy
b. ____________: Studied anatomy & was concerned about sin.
He secretly cut up dead bodied to see how
they were put together. He was a great
sculptor, painter, and poet.
La Pieta
David (16tft tall)
Ceiling of the _____________________& its’ wall called the
Last Judgement
Architect- _____________Cathedral in Rome (Asked to design a
tomb by Pope Julius II)
c. Leonardo De Vinci
He was well-rounded and self-taught. He was a Renaissance
Man. He was interested in how birds flew. He studied anatomy.
Last __________ (Placed Judas with Jesus)
Mona Lisa Wife of a local merchant
He took it to France with him where he died.
Francis I had it and Napoleon had it in his bedroom.
d. ________________
Portraits of wealthy Merchants and ______________________
Madonna’s Famous
School of __________