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Hinduism: #1 Religion of India Ch. 3 India Caste System • How is a caste different from a class? Caste System • • • • Varnas: castes Jati: jobs Reincarnation: Soul is born into another body Karma: Cycle of rebirth, dependant upon one’s actions in previous lives • Dharma: Duty, according to caste, rules • Pariahs: Outcastes, untouchables, nonAryan Hinduism: Basic Beliefs • Existence of a soul • reincarnation • Importance of one’s actions • Dharma, karma, ahimsa • God and man are one • God’s soul in is everything • Salvation • Moksha, oneness with the universe Hinduism: Basic Beliefs • Scriptures: • Written originally in Sanskrit • Vedas • 1200-500 BC Oldest texts • Upanishads • 800-400 BC Oneness with the universe • Mahabharata • 500 BC Epic Poem • 200,000 lines long (longest) • Contains the Bhagavad Gita (Arjuna, carrying out duties of varna) Sanskrit Hinduism: Gods • Brahman: supreme god • Many gods: 300 million • 3 main gods: • Brahma: creator of life • Vishnu: preserver of life • Shiva: destroyer of life Brahma Hinduism: Gods Shiva: Cosmic Dancer Vishnu: Lord of the Worlds India/Hinduism Questions 1. What is the purpose of reincarnation to the Hindu? 2. What are the names of the 3 texts of Hinduism? 3. What was Sanskrit and what did it provide for? 4. Who are the 3 main gods of Hinduism? 5. What is the name for the Hindu concept of “oneness with the universe?” answers • 1. soul is reborn depending on karma, ultimate goal is to achieve moksha • 2. Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata • 3. ancient Indian language, allowed for recording and passing down information • 4. Brahma: creator of life,Vishnu: preserver of life, Shiva: destroyer of life • 5. Moksha