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United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Oscar Mireles Plant Pathologist Identifier PLANT INSPECTION STATION Los Indios International Bridge Los Indios, TX United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine IMPORT REGULATIONS FOR PLANT MATERIAL FOR PROPAGATION INTO THE UNITED STATES United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine 2003 USDA APHIS PPQ PLANT HEALTH SAFEGUARDING SPECIALISTS IDENTIFIERS SPECIALISTS DHS - CBP PLANT INSPECTION STATIONS CBP AGRICULTURE SPECIALISTS STATIONED AT PORTS OF ENTRY SAFEGUARDING THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURE United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine CBP PASSENGER AND CARGO INSPECTIONS United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine USDA INSPECTION AND CLEARANCE OF PLANT MATERIAL FOR PLANTING United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine TREATMENTS United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine FRUIT FLIES MEDITERRANEAN FLY – Ceratitis capitata MEXICAN FRUIT FLY – Anastrepha ludens United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine RED PALM MITE – Raoiella indica Hirst United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine ASIAN SAGO PALM Aulacaspis yasumatsui Takagi United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Ralstonia solanacearum WHITE RUST – Puccinia horiana GLADIOLUS RUST – Uromyces transversalis CITRUS CANKER – Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri (Xac) United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine GIANT AFRICAN SNAIL – Achatina sp. GYPSY MOTH – Lymantria dispar L. KHAPRA BEETLE – Trogoderma granarium Everts United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine ASIAN LONGHORN BEETLE – Anoplophora glabripennis United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Tetralicia sp. (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Tetralicia sp. (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine SEATTLE, WA PLANT INSPECTION STATIONS LINDEN, NJ SAN FRANCISCO, CA JAMAICA, NY BELTSVILLE, MD HAWTHORN, CA ATLANTA, GA SAN DIEGO, CA NOGALES, AZ HUMBLE, TX KENNER, LA LOS INDIOS, TX ORLANDO, FL MIAMI, FL HONOLULU, HI CAROLINA, PR TAMUNING, GU United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Importers of plants for planting have five important responsibilities: 1. Before placing an order, the importer must obtain any required import permit or make certain that existing permits provide for the entry of the desired material. 2. The importer must transmit appropriate instructions to the foreign shipper. 3. The importer must make advance arrangements for meeting all of U.S. Customs and Border Protection requirements. 4. The importer must supply labor and materials or arrange for this through a broker or agent, when necessary. 5. The importer should make the necessary shipping arrangements that ensure plant materials under permit are delivered for inspection to a USDA plant inspection station. Movement of restricted plant material from the plant inspection station to the final destination is also the responsibility of the consignee and/or broker. Failure to accept these responsibilities may result in costly delays at the port of entry and/or loss or deterioration of plant material United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Freedom from soil: All plant material must be free from sand, soil, and earth. Leaf mold and other decayed vegetable molds are considered soil. Plants arriving in or contaminated with sand, soil, or earth will be refused entry. Packing material: Only approved packing material may be used. A complete list of approved packing materials can be found in the regulations, Title 7 CFR 319.37-9. The commonly used approved packing materials include ground peat, sphagnum moss, perlite, pulp-free coconut or other vegetable fibers (excluding sugarcane and cotton), osmunda fiber, excelsior (woodwool), wood shavings, sawdust, ground cork, buckwheat hulls, polymer stabilized cellulose, and exfoliated vermiculite. Nursery stock which has been wrapped, coated, dipped, sprayed, or otherwise packaged in plastic, wax or other impermeable material that prevents adequate inspection or treatment may be refused entry. Size-age limitations: Only plants, no more than two years of age when they have been grown from cuttings or seeds or having no more than one year's growth after severance from the parent plant when produced by layers, or having no more than two years growth from the bud or graft when they have been produced by budding or grafting, are admissible. Labeling: All plant material must be plainly and legibly labeled with scientific names (genus, species, and if possible, variety). Plants or bundles of plants should be individually labeled. Lack of labeling results in handling delays. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine PLANT SIZE AND AGE LIMITATIONS (abstracted from 7 CFR 319.37-2) Bonsai, penjing, and similar plants that have been artificially dwarfed by means such as intensive root and stem pruning in order to maintain a small shape for container growing are not subject to size and age limits. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine PLANT SIZE AND AGE LIMITATIONS (abstracted from 7 CFR 319.37-2) Plant Type Not More Than Rhododendrons and plants with similar growth habits • 3 years old if grown from seed Naturally dwarfed plants 12 inches (305 mm) in length from soil line Dormant herbaceous perennials (root crowns or clumps without leaves) 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter Stem cuttings without branches, sprouts, leaves and roots (except epiphytes and cacti) Stem cuttings of epiphytes without branches, sprouts, or leaves (may have aerial roots) • 2 years old if produced by layering 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter and 6 feet (1.83 meters) in length Cactus cuttings without roots or branches 6 inches (153 mm) diameter and 4 feet (1.22 meters) in length Plants that “simulate” the habits of woody plants (e.g., cacti, cycads, yuccas, dracaenas, etc.) 18 inches (460 mm) in length from soil line to farthest growing point Palms and plants whose growth habits simulate palms 36 inches (915 mm) in length of stem plus leaves Plants not listed above • 2 years old if grown from seeds or cutting • 1 year old if produced by layering • 2 years old if produced by budding or grafting United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Certification:: Title 7 CFR 319.37-4 requires that plants for planting offered for importation must be accompanied by an original phytosanitary certificate of inspection issued by the proper plant quarantine official in the country of origin. Also, please note that certain plants, or plants from certain countries, may require “additional declarations” on the phytosanitary certificate (see 7CFR 319.37-5 for specifics). Mail shipments: All mail shipments require the use of a green-and-yellow label issued by the PPQ Permit Unit. Green and yellow labels should be used only for mail importations. Baggage entries: The importation of most plant material (except certain bulbs and flower seeds) by baggage may prove more costly than entry by mail. The importer may have to arrange for a bonded carrier (if available at the port of arrival) to transport the material to the nearest USDA plant inspection station. Also, upon completion of PPQ handling, the importer or broker will have to arrange to pay forwarding costs. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Treatments: The Plant Protection Act gives the USDA, APHIS, PPQ the responsibility for protecting the United States from the introduction and dissemination of injurious arthropod plant pests, pathogens, and noxious weeds. Please be advised that approved methods used to control such organisms are not always available to eliminate pest risk and some treatments are phytotoxic. Perishable plant materials undergo much stress and are often weakened by adverse shipping conditions. Improve your chances of avoiding adverse consequences of treatment by communicating to the exporter the necessity for them to ship pest-free, healthy plant material using a timely means of conveyance. Treatments used by PPQ to control pest infestations on imported plants and seeds are those which are the most effective for the pest concerned and believed to be least likely to cause injury to the plants involved. All treatments are applied at the risk of the importer. The importer should carefully consider other measures communicated in the Emergency Action Notification (PPQ 523). These measures typically include the right to return the plant material to origin or destroy the plant material under official supervision. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Small Lots of Seed Lots of seed may be imported without a phytosanitary certificate under the following conditions: (1) The importation of the seed is authorized by a written permit. (2) The seed is not of any prohibited genus; is not of any Federal noxious weed; does not require an additional declaration on a phytosanitary certificate; does not require treatment; is not a parasitic plant; is not genetically modified; and if a field crop or vegetable seed, it meets the requirements of the Federal Seed Act import provisions. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Small Lots of Seed (continuation) (3) The seed meets the following packaging and shipping requirements: (i) Each seed packet is clearly labeled with the name of the collector/shipper, the country of origin, and the scientific name at least to the genus, and preferably to the species, level; (ii) There are a maximum of 50 seeds of 1 taxon (taxonomic category such as genus, species, cultivar, etc.) per packet; or a maximum weight not to exceed 10 grams of seed of 1 taxon; (iii) There are a maximum of 50 seed packets per shipment; (iv) The seeds are free from pesticides; (v) The seeds are securely packaged in packets or envelopes and sealed to prevent spillage; (vi) The shipment is free from soil, plant material other than seed, other foreign matter or debris, seeds in the fruit or seed pod, and living organisms such as parasitic plants, pathogens, insects, snails, mites; and (vii) At the time of importation, the shipment is sent to either the Plant Germplasm Quarantine Center in Beltsville, MD, or an approved port of entry listed in the permit. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine How to Apply for a Small Lots of Seed Permit: For fastest turn around time, apply on-line at: https://epermits.aphis.usda.gov/epermits Alternately, use PPQ Form 587, Application for Permit to Import Plants or Plant Products. On the first line of section 3 of the application, enter “SMALL LOTS OF SEED PROGRAM”. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine CIVIL PENALTIES NO “WARNINGS” similar to traffic violations will be issued to the traveler before a fine may be assessed. Lowest amount for first time violation: Non-commercial = $ 300.00 Commercial= $ 500.00 YOUR RECORD STAYS ON DHS AND USDA NATIONAL DATABASES. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine You Can Help Protect American Agriculture Whether mailing a boxwood from England, carrying propagated orchids back from Thailand, or shipping a load of philodendrons from Central America, you must follow USDA’s proper procedures for importing plants and plant products. By following these procedures, you will help protect American agriculture from foreign plant pests and diseases. United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine