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School of Distance Education UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION (2011 Admission onwards) III SEMESTER COMPLEMENTARY COURSE FOR BA SOCIOLOGY/PHILOSOPHY BASIC PSYCHOLOGY QUESTION BANK 1. The ability to identify previously encountered material is ________________ a. Explicit memory b. Recall c. d. Relearning Recognition 2. The ability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material is__________________ a. Explicit memory b. Recall c. Recognition d. Relearning 3. Memories of personally experienced events and the contexts in which they occurred is ____________________ a. Declarative memories b. Semantic memories c. d. Procedural memories Episodic memories 4. Memories of general knowledge, including facts, rules, concepts, and propositions are referred as _______________________ a. Procedural memories b. Declarative memories c. Semantic memories d. Episodic memories 5. Forgetting that occurs when previously stored material interferes with the ability to remember similar, more recently learned material is _____________ a. Retroactive interference b. Proactive interference c. Replacement d. Amnesia Basic Psychology Page 1 School of Distance Education 6. Any disorder in which the comprehension or the expression of language is impaired is___________________ a. Apraxia b. Astropine c. Aphagia d. Aphasia 7. _________________________ is condition in which there is no inclination to eat, even under conditions of severe food deprivation. a. Apraxia b. Astropine c. Aphasia d. Aphagia 8. _________________ is a faint copy of the visual input which persists in the visual sensory register for a few seconds, before it gradually decays. a. Iconic image b. Short-term memory c. Long-term memory d. Episodic 9. Mental pictures of objects or events are known as ________________ a. Visual images b. Logical concepts c. Natural concepts d. Mental models 10. Need hierarchy theory was introduced by _______________ a. Alder b. Maslow c. Mc Clelland d. Jones and Davis 11. Standard Progressive Matrices was developed by ___________________ a. Binet b. Weschler c. J.C.Raven d. Simon 12. ‘Archetypes’ is the concept of__________________ a. Freud b. Adler c. Horney d. Jung 13. The variable which the experimenter manipulates is called ___________ a. Independent variable b. Dependent variable c. Continuous variable d. Intervening variable 14. Two-factor theory of intelligence was proposed by __________________ a. Thurstone b. Spearman c. Guilford d. Sternberg Basic Psychology Page 2 School of Distance Education 15. _______________ is the tendency to perceive a stationary point of light in a dark room as moving. a. Stroboscopic motion b. Phi-phenomenon c. Autokinetic effect d. Illusion 16. _______________ is the father of intelligence testing. a. Alfred Binet b. Spearman c. Cattell d. Sternberg 17. ______________ theory advocates that emotions spring from physiological reactions. a. Cannon-Bard b. James-Lange c. McDougall d. Schachter and Singer 18. Which one of the pairs is not correct? a. Structure of intellect model- Guilford c. Triarchic theory- Goleman b. PASS theory- J.P.Das d. Multiple intelligence- Gardner 19. According to Erickson, the crisis in adulthood is ___________________ a. Initiative Vs. guilt b. Industry Vs. Inferiority c. Intimacy Vs. Isolation d. Identity Vs. Role Confusion 20. A reluctant child forced to bring sugar from a shop, spills half on the way. This is an example of ______________________ a. Hysteria b. Passive aggression c. disobedience d. Active aggression 21. Which one of the pairs is not correct? a. Transactional Analysis- Eric Berne c. Gestalt therapy- Rollo May b. Logo therapy- Victor Frankl d. Rational Emotive Therapy- Albert Ellis 22. _____________ is the one of the determinants of individual differences. a. Intelligence b. Hereditary c. Creativity d. Reactivity 23. ________________ is the cause of stress. a. Family b. Temperament c. Frustration d. Activity Basic Psychology Page 3 School of Distance Education 24. Unconscious mind consists of _________________ a. Biological drives b. Violent behaviors c. Conflict d. Empathy 25. _________________ is the cause of autism. a. Improper child rearing b. neurological abnormality c. emotional instability d. abnormal personality 26. Disorder involving the inability to fall asleep or to maintain sleep at once it is attained is called __________________ a. Amnesia b. Insomnia c. Apathy d. Narcolepsy 27. Cognitive events, often vivid but disconnected that occur during sleep are ____________ a. Dreams b. Hypnosis c. Consciousness d. none of the above 28. Our ability to pay attention to only some aspects of the world around us while largely ignoring others is called___________ a. Span of attention b. Division of attention c. Distraction of attention d. Selective attention 29. The feeling that we can almost, but not quite, remember some information we wish to retrieve from memory is _________________ a. Long-term memory b. Short-term memory c. Partial amnesia d. Tip-of-the-tongue phenomena 30. The finding that the first and the last items in a series are more likely to be recalled than are intervening items is called_____________________ a. Serial position effect b. Rote memorization c. Free recall d. Serial recall 31. The tendency to think of wing objects only as they have been used in the past is __________ a. Mental set b. Algorithms c. Functional fixedness d. Analogy Basic Psychology Page 4 School of Distance Education 32. A theory of omissions suggesting that emotion provoking events simultaneously produce subjective reactions and physiological arousal is ________________ a. James Lange theory b. Cannon-Bard theory c. Activation theory d. Cognitive arousal theory 33. The triarchic theory of intelligence is given by _______________ a. Spearman b. Guilford c. Sternberg d. Gardner 34. Consideration of what is practical and possible in gratifying instinctive needs characteristic of the ego is called__________________ a. Defense mechanism b. Pleasure principle c. Reality principle d. Psychic structure 35. Improved retention after an interval is called_______________ a. Reminiscence b. Relearning c. Recognition d. Eidetic imagery 36. The process requiring time during which memory trace becomes more resistant to extinction is _________________ a. Consolidation b. Organization c. Retention d. Reminiscence 37. In Maslow’s hierarchy of motives, the most highly evolved motive is ____________ a. Ambition b. Fear c. Self-actualization d. The need to explore 38. The ability to reproduce unusually sharp and detailed imagery of something that has been previously seen is called_________________ a. Flashbulb memory b. Mnemonics c. Eidetic memory d. Repression 39. A mental category for classifying specific people, object, or experiences is a(n) _____________ a. Image b. Concept c. Phoneme d. Algorithm Basic Psychology Page 5 School of Distance Education 40. The term Intelligent Quotient (IQ) was first introduced by_________________ a. Binet b. Terman c. Simon d. Wechsler 41. Freud believed that the Oedipal conflict took place during the ___________________ a. Phallic stage b. Anal stage c. Genital stage d. Oral stage 42. The intelligence model consists of _______________ dimensions. a. Three b. Four c. Six d. Ten 43. Who proposed that “feeling of inferiority” is control to human behavior? a. Jung b. Sigmund Freud c. Adler d. William James 44. Classifying people on the basis of body build is an example of __________ approach to personality. a. Trait b. Dynamic c. Type d. Behavioral 45. The use of mental images and concepts, problem solving and decision making, and language capabilities are cognitive abilities that are aspects of what is commonly called _______________. a. Personality b. Intelligence c. Mental strength d. Creativity 46. _______________ tests attempt to measure general mental abilities, rather than accumulated knowledge or aptitude for a specific subject or area. a. Attitude b. Personality c. Intelligence d. Creativity 47. During World War 1 _________ test was developed which was administered orally to those who could not read, later adapted for civilian use. a. Aptitude b. Army alpha c. Army beta d. Intelligence Basic Psychology Page 6 School of Distance Education 48. _______________ defined intelligence as the global capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and deal effectively with the environment. a. Stanford Binet b. David Wechsler c. Lewis Terman d. Robert Woodworth 49. _______________ calculated the IQ by comparing an individual’s score to the scores of others in the same general age group whose average score was statistically fixed at 100. a. Charles Spearman b. David Wechsler c. Lazarus d. Robert Woodworth 50. If a test consistently produces similar scores on different occasions, it is said to be _______________. a. Valid b. Reliable c. True d. Standardized 51. If a test measures what it is supposed to measure, it is said to be ____________. a. Valid b. Reliable c. True d. Standardized 52. Lewis Terman’s approach to measuring and defining intelligence as a single, overall IQ score was in the tradition of British psychologist ________________. a. Charles Spearman b. David Wechsler c. Lazarus d. Robert Woodworth 53. _______________ believes there are multiple intelligences and he defines intelligence as the ability to solve problems or create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings. a. Charles Spearman b. David Wechsler c. Howard Gardner d. Stanford Binet 54. ______________ is a Contemporary American psychologist whose triarchic theory of intelligence includes three forms of intelligence- componential, contextual, and experiential. a. Charles Spearman b. David Wechsler c. Howard Gardner d. Robert Sternberg Basic Psychology Page 7 School of Distance Education 55. ____________ is a group of cognitive processes used to generate useful, original, and novel ideas or solutions. a. Aptitude b. Creativity c. Attitude d. Decision making 56. ____________ is a form of intelligence that involves the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge. a. Experiential b. Componential c. Contextual d. Practical 57. _____________ is a form of intelligence that involves the ability to adapt to the environment and is sometimes described as street smarts. a. Situational b. Componential c. Contextual d. Experiential 58. Based on the work of Charles Darwin and his scientifically based theory of evolution, psychologists devised lengthy lists of ___________________ to account for every conceivable human behavior. a. Traits b. Instincts c. Incentive d. Drive 59. The principle of ________________ states that the body monitors and maintains relatively constant levels of internal states, such as temperature, fluid levels and energy supplies. a. Equilibrium b. Hedonism c. Homeostatic d. Self-actualization 60. ____________ theories proposed that behavior is motivated by the “pull” of external goals such as rewards. a. Trait b. Instinct c. Incentive d. Drive 61. ________________ theories propose that behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce internal tension caused by unmet biological needs, such as hunger or thirst. a. Trait b. Instinct c. Incentive d. Drive Basic Psychology Page 8 School of Distance Education 62. ______________ is defined by Maslow as “the full use and exploitation of talent, capacities and potentials” a. Equilibrium b. Hedonism c. Homeostatic d. Self-actualization 63. The forces that act on or within an organism to initiate and direct behavior is called ________________. a. Motivation b. Emotion c. Personality d. Attitude 64. ________________ hormone seems to play a role in signaling satiation, or fullness. a. Estrogen b. Cholecystokinin c. Progesterone d. Testosterone 65. _____________ is weighing 20 percent or more above one’s optimal body weight. a. Anorexia nervosa b. Satiation c. Obese d. Bulimia nervosa 66. A ______________ is sexually attracted to individuals of both sexes. a. Unisexual b. Homosexual c. Lesbian d. Bisexual 67. ______________ is the degree to which a person is subjectively convinced of his or her own capabilities, effectiveness, or efficiency in meeting the demands of a situation. a. Self-confidence b. Self-efficacy c. Achievement d. Competence 68. ______________ motivation is the drive to excel, succeed or out-perform others at some task. a. Self-confidence b. Self-efficacy c. Achievement d. Competence 69. _______________ is a distinct psychological state that involves subjective experience, physical arousal, and a behavioral expression or response. a. Emotion b. Motivation c. Internalization d. Competence Basic Psychology Page 9 School of Distance Education 70. Tim buys a lottery ticket every Friday with the expectation that he is going to win some money. His behavior illustrates a. Instinct b. Incentive motivation c. Drive d. Self-actualization 71. ______________ is defined as an individual’s unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. a. Intelligence b. Creativity c. Aptitude d. Personality 72. The psychological energy that each person possesses evolves to form the three basic _____________ of personality. a. Contents b. Forms c. Structures d. Methods 73. The main drawback to any defense mechanism is that maintaining self-deceptions requires ______________, which is needed to cope effectively with the demands of daily life. a. Psychological energy b. Conscious content c. Anxiety-producing thoughts d. Unknown impulses 74. The most critical conflict that the child must successfully resolve for healthy personality and sexual development occurs during the _______________ stage. a. Oral b. Phallic c. Latency d. Anal 75. Freud’s views on female sexuality, particularly the concept of _______________ are among his most severely criticized ideas. a. Electra complex b. Oedipus complex c. Penis envy d. Fixation 76. In Freud’s theory, the psychological and emotional energy associated with expressions of sexuality is _________________. a. Thanatos b. Libido c. Eros d. Id Basic Psychology Page 10 School of Distance Education 77. _____________ in Freud’s theory is the partly conscious self-evaluative, moralistic component of personality that is formed through the internalization of parental and societal rules. a. Id b. ego c. Superego d. Eros 78. According to Freud, ________________ is the partly conscious rational component of personality that regulates thoughts and behavior and is most in touch with the demands of the external world. a. Thanatos b. ego c. Superego d. Id 79. ______________ is a term used to describe a level of awareness that contains information that is not currently in conscious awareness but is easily accessible. a. Unconscious b. Conscious c. Preconscious d. Catharsis 80. _____________ is the first psychosexual stage of development, during which the infant derives pleasure through the activities of sucking, chewing and biting. a. Genital stage b. Phallic stage c. Oral stage d. Anal stage 81. ______________ is the ego defense mechanism that involves unconsciously shifting the target of an emotional urge to a substitute target that is less threatening or dangerous. a. Sublimation b. Displacement c. Identification d. Repression 82. _________________ is the second psychosexual stage of development, during which the infant derives pleasure through elimination and acquiring control of elimination. a. Genital stage b. Phallic stage c. Oral stage d. Anal stage 83. _____________ is the phenomenon that occurs when puzzling physical and psychological problems disappear after a person expresses pent-up emotions associated with traumatic events that may have been related to his or her problems. Basic Psychology Page 11 School of Distance Education a. Castration b. Catharsis c. Free association d. Ego defense mechanism 84. _______________ refers to the awareness of environmental demands and the capacity to accommodate them by postponing gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances exist. a. Reality principle b. Pleasure principle c. Displacement d. Free association 85. ________________ is a psychoanalytical technique in which the patient spontaneously reports all thoughts, feelings and mental images as they come to mind. a. Repression b. Catharsis c. Free association d. Ego defense mechanism 86. Freud’s belief that the primary motivation behind behavior is _________________ urges. a. Unconscious b. Pleasure c. Preconscious d. Sexual 87. _____________ is an important archetype that, according to Jung, represents the feminine side in every man. a. Womb envy b. Anima c. Animus d. Inferiority complex 88. ___________ in Jung’s theory, the basic personality type that focuses attention and energy toward the outside world. a. Anima b. Animus c. Extravert d. Introvert 89. _______________ is a fundamental emotion that Horney described as the feeling a child has of being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world. a. Womb envy b. Anima c. Basic anxiety d. Inferiority complex 90. ______________ in Adler’s theory is the desire to improve oneself, master challenges, and move toward self-perfection and self-realization, considered to be the most fundamental human motive. Basic Psychology Page 12 School of Distance Education a. Inferiority complex b. Archetypes c. Basic anxiety d. Striving for superiority 91. The ______________ is the archetype in Jung’s theory that represents the masculine side of every female. a. Womb envy b. Anima c. Animus d. Inferiority complex 92. The cornerstone of Roger’s personality theory is the idea of the ______________. a. Positive regard b. Self-concept c. Self-efficacy d. Self-esteem 93. People are said to be in a state of incongruence when their ___________________ conflicts with their actual experience. a. Unconditional positive regard b. Self-concept c. Self-efficacy d. Self-esteem 94. _____________ are the beliefs that people have about their ability to meet the demands of a specific situation, feelings of self-confidence or self-doubt. a. Self-regulation b. Self-concept c. Self-efficacy d. Self-esteem 95. ______________ is a relatively stable, enduring predisposition to consistently behave in a certain way. a. Introversion b. Extraversion c. Trait d. Psychoticism 96. _______________ is an interdisciplinary field that studies the effects of genes and hereditary on behavior. a. Genetics b. Behavioral genetics c. Neurology d. Neuroscience 97. In Eysenck’s theory, ____________ refers to a person’s predisposition to become emotionally upset. a. Introversion b. Extraversion c. Neuroticism d. Psychoticism Basic Psychology Page 13 School of Distance Education 98. Cognitive skills, abilities, and attitudes that emerge through developmental experiences involving the interaction of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors represent the person’s ______________. a. Self-system b. Self-concept c. Self-efficacy d. Self-esteem 99. ______________ is a self-report inventory that assesses personality characteristics in normal populations. a. Rorschach Inkblot Test b. TAT c. CPI d. WAIS 100. _______________ is a self-report inventory developed by Raymond Cattell that generates a personality profile with ratings on 16 trait dimensions. a. MMPI b. 16 PF c. TAT d.CPI Basic Psychology Page 14 School of Distance Education ANSWER KEY 1. C 26. B 51. A 76. B 2. B 27. A 52. A 77. C 3. C 28. D 53. C 78. B 4. C 29. D 54. D 79. C 5. B 30. A 55. B 80. C 6. D 31. C 56. A 81. B 7. D 32. B 57. C 82. D 8. A 33. C 58. B 83. B 9. A 34. C 59. C 84. A 10. B 35. B 60. C 85. C 11. C 36. A 61. D 86. D 12. D 37. C 62. D 87. B 13. A 38. C 63. A 88. C 14. B 39. B 64. B 89. C 15. C 40. A 65. C 90. D 16. A 41. A 66. D 91. C 17. B 42. A 67. B 92. B 18. C 43. C 68. C 93. B 19. C 44. C 69. A 94. C 20. B 45. B 70. B 95. C 21. C 46. C 71. D 96. B 22. B 47. C 72. C 97. C 23. C 48. B 73. A 98. A 24. C 49. B 74. B 99. C 25. B 50. B 75. C 100. B © Reserved Basic Psychology Page 15