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Child Psychology
Chapter 2 : Theories of Development
Test Review
1.) What are the two opposing grand theories in the first half of the twentieth century
that were applied to child psychology?
2.) Briefly explain Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and it’s stages.
3.) Who described 8 developmental stages, each by a particular challenge, or
developmental crisis?
4.) How was this significantly different than Freud’s theory?
5.) Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified
world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random
and train him to become any type of specialist I might select- doctor,
lawyer, artist, merchant chief, and yes, even beggar-man and thief,
regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities vocations,
and race of his ancestors. This idea arose in direct opposition to the
emphasis on the unconscious. What idea is this?
6.) Explain the similiarities and differences between classical and operant
conditioning. Who where the driving forces behind these ideas?
7.) Using consequences to make it more likely that a particular action will be
repeated is a process called?
8.) Consequences that make it behavior less likely are called?
9.) Who did the baby monkey’s prefer in Harlow’s experiment? Which mother?
10.)
Why did Harlow’s research revolutionize the treatment of sick and
motherless children?
11.)
What is social learning? What is the integral part of social learning where
people observe behavior and copy it? Give some examples.
12.)
Define self- efficacy.
13.)
Behaviorism is often called “learning theory”. What are the 3 types of
learning?
14.)
What is cognitive theory? Expain.
15.)
Briefly explain Piaget’s Periods of Cognitive Development?
16.)
What is the “goal of all psychology” according to Cognitive Theory.
17.)
Explain assimilation and accommodation. Give examples.
18.)
The central theory of ___________________ theory is that human
development results from the dynamic interaction between developing persons
and their surrounding society.
19.)
The pioneer in sociocultural perspective was ______ ____________.
20.)
Explain Vygotsky’s apprenticeship in thinking and guided participation.
21.)
What is the relationship between student and teacher in Vygotsky’s
sociocultural theory?
22.)
What is epigenetic theory?
23.)
Explain Nature vs Nurture.