Download Advanced Psychological Processes

School of Distance Education
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
II SEMESTER
CORE COURSE
Advanced Psychological Processes
QUESTION BANK
1. The ability to identify previously encountered material is ______________________
a. Explicit memory
b. Recall
c. Recognition
d. Relearning
2. The ability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material is ______________
a. Explicit memory
b. Recall
c. Recognition
d. Relearning
3. Memories of personally experienced events and the contexts in which they occurred is ______________
a. Declarative memories
b. Semantic memories
c. Episodic memories
d. Procedural memories
4. Memories of general knowledge, including facts, rules, concepts, and propositions are referred as
_____________________
a. Procedural memories
b. Declarative memories
c. Semantic memories
d. Episodic memories
5. Forgetting that occurs when previously stored material interferes with the ability to remember similar,
more recently learned material is_________________
a. Retroactive interference
b. Proactive interference
c. Replacement
d. Amnesia
6. Any disorder in which the comprehension or the expression of language is impaired is _____________
a. Apraxia
b. Astropine
c. Aphagia
d. Aphasia
7. _____________________ is condition in which there is no inclination to eat, even under conditions of
severe food deprivation.
a. Apraxia
b. Astropine
c. Aphasia
d. Aphagia
8. _________________ is a faint copy of the visual input which persists in the visual sensory register for a
few seconds, before it gradually decays.
a. Iconic image
b. Short-term memory
c. Long-term memory
d. Episodic
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9. Mental pictures of objects or events are known as ________________
a. Visual images
b. Logical concepts
c. Natural concepts
d. Mental models
10. Need hierarchy theory was introduced by _______________
a. Alder
b. Maslow
c. Mc Clelland
d. Jones and Davis
11. Standard Progressive Matrices was developed by ___________________
a. Binet
b. Weschler
c. J.C.Raven
d. Simon
12. ‘Archetypes’ is the concept of__________________
a. Freud
b. Adler
c. Horney
d. Jung
13. The variable which the experimenter manipulates is called __________________
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Continuous variable
d. Intervening variable
14. Two-factor theory of intelligence was proposed by __________________
a. Thurstone
b. Spearman
c. Guilford
d. Sternberg
15. ________________ is the tendency to perceive a stationary point of light in a dark room as moving.
a. Stroboscopic motion
b. Phi-phenomenon
c. Autokinetic effect
d. Illusion
16. ___________________ is the father of intelligence testing.
a. Alfred Binet
b. Spearman
c. Cattell
d. Sternberg
17. __________________ theory advocates that emotions spring from physiological reactions.
a. Cannon-Bard
b. James-Lange
c. McDougall
d. Schachter and Singer
18. Which one of the pairs is not correct?
a. Structure of intellect model- Guilford
b. PASS theory- J.P.Das
c. Triarchic theory- Goleman
d. Multiple intelligence- Gardner
19. According to Erickson, the crisis in adulthood is ___________________
a. Initiative Vs. guilt
b. Industry Vs. Inferiority
c. Intimacy Vs. Isolation
d. Identity Vs. Role Confusion
20. A reluctant child forced to bring sugar from a shop, spills half on the way. This is an example of
______________________
a. Hysteria
b. Passive aggression
c. disobedience
d. Active aggression
21. Which one of the pairs is not correct?
a. Transactional Analysis- Eric Berne
b. Logo therapy- Victor Frankl
c. Gestalt therapy- Rollo May
d. Rational Emotive Therapy- Albert Ellis
22. ________________ is the one of the determinants of individual differences.
a. Intelligence
b. Hereditary
c. Creativity
d. Reactivity
c. Frustration
d. Activity
23. ________________ is the cause of stress.
a. Family
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b. Temperament
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24. Unconscious mind consists of _________________
a. Biological drives
b. Violent behaviors
c. Conflict
d. Empathy
25. _________________ is the cause of autism.
a. Improper child rearing
b. neurological abnormality
c. emotional instability
d. abnormal personality
26. Disorder involving the inability to fall asleep or to maintain sleep at once it is attained is called
__________________
a. Amnesia
b. Insomnia
c. Apathy
d. Narcolepsy
27. Cognitive events, often vivid but disconnected that occur during sleep are ________________
a. Dreams
b. Hypnosis
c. Consciousness
d. none of the above
28. Our ability to pay attention to only some aspects of the world around us while largely ignoring others is
called_______________
a. Span of attention
b. Division of attention
c. Distraction of attention
d. Selective attention
29. The feeling that we can almost, but not quite, remember some information we wish to retrieve from
memory is _________________
a. Long-term memory
b. Short-term memory
c.
d. Tip-of-the-tongue phenomena
Partial amnesia
30. The finding that the first and the last items in a series are more likely to be recalled than are intervening
items is called_____________________
a. Serial position effect
b. Rote memorization
c. Free recall
d. Serial recall
31. The tendency to think of wing objects only as they have been used in the past is _____________
a. Mental set
b. Algorithms
c. Functional fixedness
d. Analogy
32. A theory of omissions suggesting that emotion provoking events simultaneously produce subjective
reactions and physiological arousal is_____________________
a. James Lange theory
b. Cannon-Bard theory
c. Activation theory
d. Cognitive arousal theory
33. The triarchic theory of intelligence is given by _______________
a. Spearman
b. Guilford
c. Sternberg
d. Gardner
34. Consideration of what is practical and possible in gratifying instinctive needs characteristic of the ego is
called__________________
a. Defense mechanism
b. Pleasure principle
c. Reality principle
d.Psychic structure
35. Improved retention after an interval is called_______________
a. Reminiscence
b. Relearning
c. Recognition
d. Eidetic imagery
36. The process requiring time during which memory trace becomes more resistant to extinction is
_________________
a. Consolidation
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b. Organization
c. Retention
d. Reminiscence
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37. In Maslow’s hierarchy of motives, the most highly evolved motive is_______________
a. Ambition
b. Fear
c. Self-actualization
d. The need to explore
38. The ability to reproduce unusually sharp and detailed imagery of something that has been previously
seen is called_________________
a. Flashbulb memory
b. Mnemonics c. Eidetic memory
d. Repression
39. A mental category for classifying specific people, object, or experiences is a(n) ________________
a. Image
b. Concept
c. Phoneme
d. Algorithm
40. The term Intelligent Quotient (IQ) was first introduced by_________________
a. Binet
b. Terman
c. Simon
d. Wechsler
41. Freud believed that the Oedipal conflict took place during the ___________________
a. Phallic stage
b. Anal stage
c. Genital stage
d. Oral stage
42. The intelligence model consists of _______________ dimensions.
a. Three
b. Four
c. Six
d. Ten
43. Who proposed that “feeling of inferiority” is control to human behavior?
a. Jung
b. Sigmund Freud
c. Adler
d. William James
44. Classifying people on the basis of body build is an example of ____________ approach to
a. Trait
b. Dynamic
c. Type
personality.
d. Behavioral
45. The use of mental images and concepts, problem solving and decision making, and language capabilities
are cognitive abilities that are aspects of what is commonly called _______________.
a. Personality
b. Intelligence
c. Mental strength
d. Creativity
46. _______________ tests attempt to measure general mental abilities, rather than accumulated knowledge
or aptitude for a specific subject or area.
a. Attitude
b. Personality
c. Intelligence
d. Creativity
47. During World War 1 ________________ test was developed which was administered orally to those
who could not read, later adapted for civilian use.
a. Aptitude
b. Army alpha
c. Army beta
d. Intelligence
48. _______________ defined intelligence as the global capacity to think rationally, act purposefully, and
deal effectively with the environment.
a. Stanford Binet
b. David Wechsler
c. Lewis Terman
d. Robert Woodworth
49. _______________ calculated the IQ by comparing an individual’s score to the scores of others in the
same general age group whose average score was statistically fixed at 100.
a. Charles Spearman
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b. David Wechsler
c. Lazarus
d. Robert Woodworth
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50. If a test consistently produces similar scores on different occasions, it is said to be _______________.
a. Valid
b. Reliable
c. True
d. Standardized
51. If a test measures what it is supposed to measure, it is said to be _______________.
a. Valid
b. Reliable
c. True
d. Standardized
52. Lewis Terman’s approach to measuring and defining intelligence as a single, overall IQ score was in the
tradition of British psychologist ________________.
a. Charles Spearman
b. David Wechsler
c. Lazarus
d. Robert Woodworth
53. _______________ believes there are multiple intelligences and he defines intelligence as the ability to
solve problems or create products that are valued within one or more cultural settings.
a. Charles Spearman
b. David Wechsler
c. Howard Gardner
d. Stanford Binet
54. ______________ is a Contemporary American psychologist whose triarchic theory of intelligence
includes three forms of intelligence- componential, contextual, and experiential.
a. Charles Spearman
b. David Wechsler
c. Howard Gardner
d. Robert Sternberg
55. ____________ is a group of cognitive processes used to generate useful, original, and novel ideas or
solutions.
a. Aptitude
b. Creativity
c. Attitude
d. Decision making
56. ____________ is a form of intelligence that involves the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing
on existing skills and knowledge.
a. Experiential
b. Componential
c. Contextual
d. Practical
57. _____________ is a form of intelligence that involves the ability to adapt to the environment and is
sometimes described as street smarts.
a. Situational
b. Componential
c. Contextual
d. Experiential
58. Based on the work of Charles Darwin and his scientifically based theory of evolution, psychologists
devised lengthy lists of ___________________ to account for every conceivable human behavior.
a. Traits
b. Instincts
c. Incentive
d. Drive
59. The principle of ________________ states that the body monitors and maintains relatively constant
levels of internal states, such as temperature, fluid levels and energy supplies.
a. Equilibrium
b. Hedonism
c. Homeostatic
d. Self-actualization
60. _________ theories proposed that behavior is motivated by the “pull” of external goals such as rewards.
a. Trait
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b. Instinct
c. Incentive
d. Drive
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61. ________________ theories propose that behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce internal tension
caused by unmet biological needs, such as hunger or thirst.
a. Trait
b. Instinct
c. Incentive
d. Drive
62. ___________ is defined by Maslow as “the full use and exploitation of talent, capacities and potentials”
a. Equilibrium
b. Hedonism
c. Homeostatic
d. Self-actualization
63. The forces that act on or within an organism to initiate and direct behavior is called _______________.
a. Motivation
b. Emotion
c. Personality
d. Attitude
64. _________________ hormone seems to play a role in signaling satiation, or fullness.
a. Estrogen
b. Cholecystokinin
c. Progesterone
d. Testosterone
65. _____________ is weighing 20 percent or more above one’s optimal body weight.
a. Anorexia nervosa
b. Satiation
c. Obese
d. Bulimia nervosa
66. A ______________ is sexually attracted to individuals of both sexes.
a. Unisexual
b. Homosexual
c. Lesbian
d. Bisexual
67. ______________ is the degree to which a person is subjectively convinced of his or her own capabilities,
effectiveness, or efficiency in meeting the demands of a situation.
a. Self-confidence
b. Self-efficacy
c. Achievement
d. Competence
68. ________________ motivation is the drive to excel, succeed or out-perform others at some task.
a. Self-confidence
b. Self-efficacy
c. Achievement
d. Competence
69. _______________ is a distinct psychological state that involves subjective experience, physical arousal,
and a behavioral expression or response.
a. Emotion
b. Motivation
c. Internalization
d. Competence
70. Tim buys a lottery ticket every Friday with the expectation that he is going to win some money. His
behavior illustrates
a. Instinct
b. Incentive motivation
c. Drive
d. Self-actualization
71. __________________ is defined as an individual’s unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking,
feeling, and behaving.
a. Intelligence
b. Creativity
c. Aptitude
d. Personality
72. The psychological energy that each person possesses evolves to form the three basic ________________
of personality.
a. Contents
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b. Forms
c. Structures
d. Methods
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73. The main drawback to any defense mechanism is that maintaining self-deceptions requires
___________________, which is needed to cope effectively with the demands of daily life.
a. Psychological energy
b. Conscious content
c. Anxiety-producing thoughts
d. Unknown impulses
74. The most critical conflict that the child must successfully resolve for healthy personality and sexual
development occurs during the ____________________ stage.
a. Oral
b. Phallic
c. Latency
d. Anal
75. Freud’s views on female sexuality, particularly the concept of __________________ are among his most
severely criticized ideas.
a. Electra complex
b. Oedipus complex
c. Penis envy
d. Fixation
76. In Freud’s theory, the psychological and emotional energy associated with expressions of sexuality is
_________________.
a. Thanatos
b. Libido
c. Eros
d. Id
77. _____________ in Freud’s theory is the partly conscious self-evaluative, moralistic component of
personality that is formed through the internalization of parental and societal rules.
a. Id
b. ego
c. Superego
d. Eros
78. According to Freud, ________________ is the partly conscious rational component of personality that
regulates thoughts and behavior and is most in touch with the demands of the external world.
a. Thanatos
b. ego
c. Superego
d. Id
79. ________________ is a term used to describe a level of awareness that contains information that is not
currently in conscious awareness but is easily accessible.
a. Unconscious
b. Conscious
c. Preconscious
d. Catharsis
80. _____________ is the first psychosexual stage of development, during which the infant derives pleasure
through the activities of sucking, chewing and biting.
a. Genital stage
b. Phallic stage
c. Oral stage
d. Anal stage
81. ______________ is the ego defense mechanism that involves unconsciously shifting the target of an
emotional urge to a substitute target that is less threatening or dangerous.
a. Sublimation
b. Displacement
c. Identification
d. Repression
82. _________________ is the second psychosexual stage of development, during which the infant derives
pleasure through elimination and acquiring control of elimination.
a. Genital stage
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b. Phallic stage
c. Oral stage
d. Anal stage
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83. ___________________ is the phenomenon that occurs when puzzling physical and psychological
problems disappear after a person expresses pent-up emotions associated with traumatic events that may
have been related to his or her problems.
a. Castration
b. Catharsis
c. Free association
d. Ego defense mechanism
84. ___________________ refers to the awareness of environmental demands and the capacity to
accommodate them by postponing gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances exist.
a. Reality principle
b. Pleasure principle
c. Displacement
d. Free association
85. ________________ is a psychoanalytical technique in which the patient spontaneously reports all
thoughts, feelings and mental images as they come to mind.
a. Repression
b. Catharsis
c. Free association
d. Ego defense mechanism
86. Freud’s belief that the primary motivation behind behavior is _________________ urges.
a. Unconscious
b. Pleasure
c. Preconscious
d. Sexual
87. _________ is an important archetype that, according to Jung, represents the feminine side in every man.
a. Womb envy
b. Anima
c. Animus
d. Inferiority complex
88. _______________ in Jung’s theory, the basic personality type that focuses attention and energy toward
the outside world.
a. Anima
b. Animus
c. Extravert
d. Introvert
89. _______________ is a fundamental emotion that Horney described as the feeling a child has of being
isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world.
a. Womb envy
b. Anima
c. Basic anxiety
d. Inferiority complex
90. ________________ in Adler’s theory is the desire to improve oneself, master challenges, and move
toward self-perfection and self-realization, considered to be the most fundamental human motive.
a. Inferiority complex
b. Archetypes
c. Basic anxiety
d. Striving for superiority
91. The ____________ is the archetype in Jung’s theory that represents the masculine side of every female.
a. Womb envy
b. Anima
c. Animus
d. Inferiority complex
92. The cornerstone of Roger’s personality theory is the idea of the ______________.
a. Positive regard
b. Self-concept
c. Self-efficacy
d. Self-esteem
93. People are said to be in a state of incongruence when their ___________________ conflicts with their
actual experience.
a. Unconditional positive regard
b. Self-concept
c. Self-efficacy
d. Self-esteem
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94. _____________ are the beliefs that people have about their ability to meet the demands of a specific
situation, feelings of self-confidence or self-doubt.
a. Self-regulation
b. Self-concept
c. Self-efficacy
d. Self-esteem
95. ______________ is a relatively stable, enduring predisposition to consistently behave in a certain way.
a. Introversion
b. Extraversion
c. Trait
d. Psychoticism
96. ____________ is an interdisciplinary field that studies the effects of genes and hereditary on behavior.
a. Genetics
b. Behavioral genetics c. Neurology
d. Neuroscience
97. In Eysenck’s theory, _____________ refers to a person’s predisposition to become emotionally upset.
a. Introversion
b. Extraversion
c. Neuroticism
d. Psychoticism
98. Cognitive skills, abilities, and attitudes that emerge through developmental experiences involving the
interaction of behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors represent the person’s _________________.
a. Self-system
b. Self-concept
c. Self-efficacy
d. Self-esteem
99. ____________ is a self-report inventory that assesses personality characteristics in normal populations.
a. Rorschach Inkblot Test
b. TAT
c.CPI
d. WAIS
100. _______________ is a self-report inventory developed by Raymond Cattell that generates a personality
profile with ratings on 16 trait dimensions.
a. MMPI
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b. 16 PF
c. TAT
d.CPI
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