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Notes: Structure of Matter (p.81-92 & p.827-828) Atom: What is it? Building blocks of matter, smallest particle of an element What are the 2 main areas of an atom? nucleus & cloud (energy levels, shells) What comprises most of an atom's mass? nucleus What comprises most of the atom's volume? cloud List the 3 parts to an atom and their electrical property or charge. protons -positive neutrons - neutral (no charge) electrons- negative Which of the parts make up the nucleus of an atom? protons & neutrons What do these parts have in common? same mass Which part makes-up the atom's cloud ? electrons How many electrons can the 3 inner most energy levels hold? 1st-2 Valence number: what is it? # of electrons found in outermost level. How are electrons similar to protons? proton # = electron #. What is the atomic number? # of protons What is the mass number? # of protons + # of neutrons What is the atomic mass? average mass numbers of an element’s isotopes Element: What is it? A substance made of one kind of atom It can not be broken down. It makes -up all matter. There are 92 natural elements. What makes elements differ from each other? The atomic number (# of protons) What is an isotope? 2nd- 8 3rd-18 Different forms of the same element due to different mass numbers (proton # is the same but neutron # differs) Use the Periodic table: p. 84-85. Draw a Bohr model of the atom Cl . Find Cl Name of element= ___________________ Atomic # = ______________ Atomic Mass = _____________ # of protons = _________ # of electrons = _________ # of neutrons = _________ State of matter = _______________ Valence number = ________________ How are elements written? Using symbols (letters) H -- Ca-- C Compounds: What are they? substance with its own chemical composition made of 2 or more different elements examples Molecules: What are they? H2O -- C6 H12 O 6 -- NaCl The smallest part of a substance that holds the characteristics of that substance. Made of 2 or more atoms. examples H20 -- O2 How are compounds & molecules written? Using a Chemical Formula Mixture: What is it? 2 or more substances combined with each keeping it‘s identity. Not chemically combined and can be separated Solution: What is it? A homogeneous mixture where dissolving occurs with parts not keeping their identities. Notes: Structure of Matter Atom: What is it? (p.81-92 & p.827-828) Building blocks of matter, What are the 2 main areas of an atom? What comprises most of an atom's mass? What comprises most of the atom's volume? List the 3 parts to an atom and their electrical property or charge. protons neutrons electrons- Which of the parts make up the nucleus of an atom? What do these parts have in common? Which part makes-up the atom's cloud ? How many electrons can the 3 inner most energy levels hold? 1st- Valence number: what is it? # of electrons found in 2nd- 3rd- How are electrons similar to protons? What is the atomic number? # of What is the mass number? What is the atomic mass? Element: What is it? What makes elements differ from each other? What is an isotope? mass numbers of an It can not be broken down. There are 92 natural elements. Use the Periodic table: p. 84-85. Draw a Bohr model of the atom Cl . Find Cl Name of element= ___________________ Atomic # = ______________ Atomic Mass = _____________ # of protons = _________ # of electrons = _________ # of neutrons = _________ State of matter = _______________ Valence number = ________________ How are elements written? Using symbols Compounds: What are they? substance with its own chemical composition made of examples Molecules: What are they? The smallest part of a substance that holds the characteristics of that substance. examples How are compounds & molecules written? Mixture: What is it? Solution: What is it? 2 or more substances combined with each keeping it‘s identity.