Download Notes: Structure of matter

Notes: Structure of Matter
(p.81-92 & p.827-828)
Atom: What is it?
Building blocks of matter, smallest particle of an
element
What are the 2 main areas of an atom?
nucleus & cloud (energy levels, shells)
What comprises most of an atom's mass?
nucleus
What comprises most of the atom's volume?
cloud
List the 3 parts to an atom and their
electrical property or charge.
protons -positive
neutrons - neutral (no charge)
electrons- negative
Which of the parts make up the nucleus of an
atom?
protons & neutrons
What do these parts have in common?
same mass
Which part makes-up the atom's cloud ?
electrons
How many electrons can the 3 inner most energy
levels hold?
1st-2
Valence number: what is it?
# of electrons found in outermost level.
How are electrons similar to protons?
proton # = electron #.
What is the atomic number?
# of protons
What is the mass number?
# of protons + # of neutrons
What is the atomic mass?
average mass numbers of an element’s isotopes
Element: What is it?
A substance made of one kind of atom
It can not be broken down. It makes -up all matter.
There are 92 natural elements.
What makes elements differ from each other?
The atomic number (# of protons)
What is an isotope?
2nd- 8
3rd-18
Different forms of the same element due to
different mass numbers (proton # is the same but
neutron # differs)
Use the Periodic table: p. 84-85.
Draw a Bohr model of the atom Cl .
Find Cl
Name of element= ___________________
Atomic # = ______________
Atomic Mass = _____________
# of protons = _________
# of electrons = _________
# of neutrons = _________
State of matter = _______________
Valence number = ________________
How are elements written?
Using symbols (letters) H -- Ca-- C
Compounds: What are they?
substance with its own chemical composition
made of 2 or more different elements
examples
Molecules: What are they?
H2O -- C6 H12 O 6 -- NaCl
The smallest part of a substance that holds the
characteristics of that substance. Made of 2 or
more atoms.
examples
H20
-- O2
How are compounds & molecules written?
Using a Chemical Formula
Mixture: What is it?
2 or more substances combined with each keeping
it‘s identity. Not chemically combined and can be
separated
Solution: What is it?
A homogeneous mixture where dissolving occurs
with parts not keeping their identities.
Notes: Structure of Matter
Atom: What is it?
(p.81-92 & p.827-828)
Building blocks of matter,
What are the 2 main areas of an atom?
What comprises most of an atom's mass?
What comprises most of the atom's volume?
List the 3 parts to an atom and their
electrical property or charge.
protons neutrons electrons-
Which of the parts make up the nucleus of an
atom?
What do these parts have in common?
Which part makes-up the atom's cloud ?
How many electrons can the 3 inner most energy
levels hold?
1st-
Valence number: what is it?
# of electrons found in
2nd-
3rd-
How are electrons similar to protons?
What is the atomic number?
# of
What is the mass number?
What is the atomic mass?
Element: What is it?
What makes elements differ from each other?
What is an isotope?
mass numbers of an
It can not be broken down.
There are 92 natural elements.
Use the Periodic table: p. 84-85.
Draw a Bohr model of the atom Cl .
Find Cl
Name of element= ___________________
Atomic # = ______________
Atomic Mass = _____________
# of protons = _________
# of electrons = _________
# of neutrons = _________
State of matter = _______________
Valence number = ________________
How are elements written?
Using symbols
Compounds: What are they?
substance with its own chemical composition
made of
examples
Molecules: What are they?
The smallest part of a substance that holds the
characteristics of that substance.
examples
How are compounds & molecules written?
Mixture: What is it?
Solution: What is it?
2 or more substances combined with each keeping
it‘s identity.