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ENERGY! Energy! Energy is the capacity to do work, and ability to cause motion It cannot be created or destroyed. It is only able to be transformed from one form to another, but the net (or total) amount of energy does not change. Types of Energy! Mechanical Energy – the energy stored in an object due to its motion or position. Can be classified in 2 ways. Potential – stored energy due to objects relative position Kinetic – energy of motion. Amount of energy depends on objects mass and velocity. Types of Potential Energy Remember energy stored due to position. It has the ability or “potential” to move. Elastic – energy stored by things that stretch. Example? Gravitational Potential Energy- energy stored by objects that are lifted off the ground. GPE The amount of Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) is determined by an objects… Height – more height, more GPE Acceleration due to gravity, More gravity, more GPE Mass – more mass, more GPE GPE = mgh Other Forms Chemical Energy – any energy associated with atoms, ions and molecules. Energy stored in the bonds that hold them together. This energy changes into another form during chemical reaction. Other Forms Electrical Energy – another term for electricity. Energy stored in electric charges. Thermal Energy – type of energy that comes from heat and vibration of molecules. Light/Radiant Energy – energy associated with electromagnetic spectrum and light waves. Other Forms Cont’d… Sound Energy – Energy that is associated with the movement of sound waves. Nuclear Energy – Energy associated with the nucleus Law of Conservation of Energy Energy can never be created and never destroyed. Energy can only change from one form to another. Net Energy is the total amount of energy in a system. The total or net amount of energy must stay the same when energy changes forms. The Potential energy plus the Kinetic Energy must equal 100%. Net energy must stay the same. Energy Conversions Explain what energy we are starting with and what energy we are ending with for the following products: A fan A battery A fire A glowstick Example: As a swing moves back and forth, the energy is converting from one form to another….. Why will the swing eventually stop? In what form will that energy be transferred into?