Download PHYS 222 Exam 1 Study Guide

PHYS 222 Final Exam Study Guide
Exam 1:
- Superposition: Electric and potential fields do not interact with one another, they only
interact with the particles.
- Rules for drawing and interpreting electric field diagrams: Lines cannot intersect,
correct directions of arrows, perpendicular to conductors, don’t interact with neutral
insulators, etc…
- Relationship between Electric field lines and equi-potential lines.
- Potential Energy vs. Potential: Potential energy exists between two particles, potential
is a measure of how much potential energy a particle would have if it were there.
- Work done by electric field is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the change in
potential energy of the particle in question.
- Potential everywhere inside a conductor is the same.
- Electric field everywhere inside a conductor is zero.
- Capacitors: Parallel plate, spherical, cylindrical, don’t need to memorize equations, but
you should understand how to setup the problems.
- Charge on one plate of a capacitor is equal to charge on the other.
- Equivalent capacitance
- The charge distribution on a capacitor plate is not necessarily uniform.
- Circuits: Emfs, resistors, resistance, parallel vs. series, Kirchoff’s Loop-rule, junctions,
etc…
- Understand how resistivity changes as the dimensions of the resistor change.
- Voltage difference across resistors in series is equal to the sum of the voltage
differences across each, while the voltage difference across each resistor which is in
parallel with each other is the same.
- Setting up equivalent resistors
- Power output of resistors and emfs
- Generating equations for a circuit using Kirchoff’s Loop rule and the junction rule
Exam 2:
- Magnetic fields: How are they created? Calculating their strength from different shapes
of wire (long-straight wire, loop, half loop, etc…)
- Right Hand Rule: What direction is the force acting on the charged particle? What
direction is the B-field pointing?
- Electric and magnetic flux. What is it? How do you change it?
- Connection between B-Field and E-field. Change in one causes a change in the other.
- Direction of induced emf (always opposes the change)
- Inductors: how they work, storing energy in them, exponential decay of current
- Relative inductance (for example to wire loops interacting, one of them with changes in
current inducing changes in the current through the other)
- Solenoids and Toroids: what happens when materials are placed inside them, equations
for B-field.
- Relative Permeability, Magnetic Susceptibility,
- Electricity and Magnetism as a wave.
- Wave equation: what do k, ω mean?
- Ratio between magnitude of E-field and B-field in a traveling Electro-magnetic wave.
- Where does speed of light come from? What constants determine it?
- Maxwell’s equations and their mathematical description of how a change in one of the
two electro-magnetic fields creates the other. (Guass’s law, Ampere’s law, etc…)
- Energy density of EM fields, energy storage mechanism of EM forces
- Simple electric motors, calculating torque on current-carrying wires in magnetic field
Last Section:
- Optics: Mirrors, lens, focal length, image distance, object distance. Confusing sign
conventions for focal length and image distance.
- Real vs. Virtual images (Real has actual light rays passing through it, Virtual does not)
- Magnification, inverted vs. erect
- Convex vs. Concave mirrors
- Converging vs. Diverging lenses
- Lens’ Law: light travels at different speeds through different materials, it causes light to
change directions at the boundaries between different materials. Index of refraction, angle
of incidence.
- Interference Patterns: single slit, double slit, diffraction gratings (same as double slit),
circular aperture (bulls eye pattern). Multiple interference maximums and minimums?
- Location of maximums, width of diffraction pattern
- Resolution of objects: When can you tell two images apart? Object angular distance vs.
diffraction angular distance.
- De Broglie wavelength: everything can be modeled as a wave. How do you find the
wavelength?
- Diffraction patterns of things other than light, can they exist?
- Uncertainty Principle: can only know so much about a particle, there is a bound on our
accuracy of measurement. Applications: (lowest possible energy of system)
- Schrodinger’s equation: universal wavefunction, can tell us everything about a
particle/object. What does the solution tell us? What do the different parts mean?
- How do we find the minimum energy of a system?