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Animal Nutrition Review Exercise 1: Matching Write the letter of the compound on the right in front of the matching description on the left. All compounds are used only one time and they are all used. 1. An essential fatty acid A. Amylase 2. A precursor to Vitamin A B. Beta-Carotene 3. An amino acid not found in beans C. Bile 4. A combination of chewed food and digestive enzymes 5. A hormone produced by the stomach which we recognize as “hunger” D. Cholecystokinin 6. A pancreatic hormone that acts on the liver 7. A stomach hormone which stimulates the production of gastric juices F. Folic Acid 8. A substance produced by the liver 9. A hormone produced by adipocytes (fat cytes) that decreases appetite H. Ghrelin E. Chyme G. Gastrin I. Glucagon 10. A digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins. J. Leptin 11. A water soluble vitamin, the deficiency of which leads to anemia K. Linoleic Acid 12. A hormone produced by the small intestine L. Methionine 13. A digestive enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates M. Pepsin 14. An amino acid not found in corn N. Trypsin 15. A pancreatic digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins O. Tryptophan Summer 2009 Workshop in Biology and Multimedia for High School Teachers Harvard University Life Sciences – HHMI Outreach Program Exercise 2: Animal Nutrition Review 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 www.CrosswordWeaver.com Summer 2008 Workshop in Biology and Multimedia for High School Teachers Harvard University Life Sciences – HHMI Outreach Program Animal Nutrition Clues: Across 1 the inactive form of a protease enzyme manufactured by chief cells in the stomach 5 the organ which produces most digestive enzymes as well as both insulin and glucagon 8 the portion of the alimentary canal connecting the pharynx with the stomach 10 an organism with an exceptionally long digestive system, a cecum, and many grinding teeth (molars) 15 the type of amino acid that, by its presence, defines a protein as complete or incomplete 19 a condition in which an organism obtains enough calories but not enough essential nutrients to be healthy 20 a nutrient that an organism cannot make from raw materials; these must be ingested 23 the organ that releases glucose as a response to glucagon 24 the final step in food processing in mammals 25 the storage organ for bile 26 the third step in the processing of food in mammals Down 1 the cavity immediately anterior to the 2 a flap which covers the entrance to the trachea and directs food down the esophagus 3 the location in the alimentary canal where most of the reabsorption of water occurs 4 a portion of the digestive system 6 a complete digestive tube in some animals that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus (2 words) 7 an epidemic problem in America defined as the intake of too many calories 8 digestion that occurs outside of the cell such as by fungal hyphae 9 the enzyme released in the oral cavity which begins the chemical digestion of carbohydrates 11 a ball of lubricated chewed food at the anterior end of the digestive system 12 the first portion of the small intestine in which most of the absorption of food monomers occur 13 an animal which eats other animals 14 the rhythmic contractions that propel a bolus of food through the alimentary canal. 16 a muscular ring that regulates the movement of a bolus of food 17 an inorganic substance that often acts as a cofactor in enzymes 18 an organic molecule that typically acts as a coenzyme in reactions 21 a single structure that increases the absorptive surface area in the small intestine 22 a chemical in the digestive system which emulsifies fat when added to the small intestine Summer 2008 Workshop in Biology and Multimedia for High School Teachers Harvard University Life Sciences – HHMI Outreach Program Suggested Answers: Exercise 1: 1. K, 2. B, 3. L, 4. E, 5. H, 6. I, 7. G, 8. C, 9. J, 10. M, 11. F, 12. D, 13. A, 14. O, 15. N Exercise 2 1 2 P EP S I NOGEN 3 H P C 5 4 6 A A I 7 O P ANCRE AS R P G O L L 8 9 Y 10 P 11 L V E S OP H AG U S I N H E RB I V OR E X N M M X N O T R T Y E 12 D L T N R 13 L D N I U I O A C A U T X S 14 S U C A S O A P R E R E D R 15 16 ES S E NT I AL N E Y P R S L I N C 17 18 H I H U V M U A V 19 I S M AL N OU R I S HME N T I N T E A 20R N A T C A N R ESSENT I AL A 21 V T L T R M 22 I E S A B I 23 24 L I VER I E L I M I NAT I ON L S L 25 U GA L L B L AD D E R 26 ABSORPT I ON Summer 2008 Workshop in Biology and Multimedia for High School Teachers Harvard University Life Sciences – HHMI Outreach Program