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Download Genitive Case of Nouns: How to show Possession
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Nomen__________________________Manus_____Dies_____________ Dative Case of Nouns: How to show Indirect Object USAGE OF CASES We have seen that: N is used for the of the sentence, or a predicate . G is used to show Ac is used for the . of the sentence, or following a . is used following a . Ab The next case, Dative, is used to show TO OR FOR WHOM THE VERB’S ACTION IS DONE. The Dative Endings Are: Singular Plural 1st Declension 2nd Declension COMPARE ENGLISH TO LATIN: Indirect Object in English: To say that the boy is the receiver of the book, write: I gave the book I gave the boy, or the book. Three ways to show the indirect object in English: whom (I gave a present Mom) whom (I baked a cake Mom) Put it before the a present. I baked in the sentence. (I gave a cake.) Nomen__________________________Manus_____Dies_____________ Indirect Object in Latin: To say who receives the action or benefit of the verb, use the Dative form of the word to whom or for whom it is done. Food=cibus, cibī Slave=servus, servī I entrust the food to the slave= I prepare food for the slave= I give the slave food= cibum mandō. cibum parō. cibum donō. Nota Bene: The Dative case is typically only used with verbs of GIVING, SHOWING, TELLING, OR ENTRUSTING. Such verbs in Latin are: to give to show to tell to entrust Conclusion: Anytime the English has “to [noun]” or “for [noun]” or CAN BE REPHRASED AS TO/FOR [NOUN], and the verb fits in the giving/showing/ telling/entrusting categories, use “[noun][dative ending]” in Latin. Anytime a noun has a dative ending in Latin, translate it as “to [noun]” or “for [noun]” in English. Examples in the Story “Columbus” p. 59 Underline the dative noun(s) in each sentence. Then write its English translation on the blank. Ex: Isabellae, rēgīnae, nūntiat. 1. Isabella Columbō pecūniam mandat. 2. Columbus amicō fortūnam bonam nūntiat. 3. Columbas nautīs malīs nūntiat. 4. Nauta terram grātam Columbō mōnstrat. 5. Columbus Isabellae praedam dōnat. Remember, you are looking for nouns that have the genitive endings: 1st declension 2nd declension -ae -ō to Isabella, the queen -īs -īs