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RENAISSANCE
Rafaello – The School of Athens
Plato, Aristotle, Diogenés and other figures representing the ultimate wisdom of humankind
RENESANCE – FIND OUT!
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When does it begin and end?
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What does this word literally mean?
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What country is considered the cradle of Renaissance?
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What other historical events are considered important
in this era?
What Italian cities played an important role during
Renaissance?
Which artist is regarded as the prototype of a
Renaissance man?
What is humanism?
What invention helped spread the ideas of
Renaissance?
TWO MOVEMENTS
TWO PATHS
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RENAISSANCE – HUMANISM
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vs
REFORMATION
TYPICAL FEATURES OF
RENAISSANCE
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anthropocentrism
individualism
humanism
scientific basis of art
realism
secularization
nacionalism
collecting
patronage
Italian Renaissance and humanism
Return to Antiquity
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In the course of the 14th century the Italian
scholars and artists began to turn back to
Antiquity for inspiration, especially to the art
of the Imperial Rome.
This new style of living was later referred to
as Renaissance = rebirth, revival
Renaissance = new perspective of the world
and the role of the man in it
The birth of Renaissance
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Renaissance is the period from 14th to 16th
centuries, and which preceeds the period of
Reformation. It originated in Italy and
subsequently spread all across Europe.
The Italian Renaissance connects the Western
world with the classical knowledge.
The learning also spread thanks to the invention
of printing press (invented by Johannes
Guttenberg, 1455)
The Italian Renaissance is often marked as the
beginning of the Modern Age
the term was first used by Giorgio Vasari v r. 1550
The reasons for its rise in Italy
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gradual growth in trade and importance of
the Italian cities – so-called: communes
they kept a reasonable independence of
both the Emperor and the Pope, in spite of
formally being a part of the Holy Roman
Empire
domicile of the majority of originally rural
gentry/ nobility (e.g. bankers – de Medici)
different life style
advancement of art and architecture
political independence
the rise of a new kind of man!
the Renaissance concept of the world
the life of medieval man was centered around
his faith in God
the Renaissance man laid emphasis on human
reason
 attempt to understand the world and its
regularities
 man (humanus) becomes the center of attention
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herefrom humanism = obráceni pozornosti k
člověku
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
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this broadly talented artist is often
regarded as the prototype of a
Renaissance man
he was simultaneously a painter, sculptor,
architect, scientist, writer and musician
The Last Supper
The Last Supper became the theme for an array of artists. The
scene depicts Jesus Christ and the 12 disciples during dinner on
the eve when Jesus was betrayed and arrested. Later cricified.
Mona Lisa – La Gioconda
Leonardo's inventions
Renaissance learning
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knowledge of languages – especially
LATIN
in the Middle Ages Latin was on the
decline and was simplified
the humanists turned back to the original
classical Latin through the copies of
classical works
Renaissance learning
physics
anatomy
chemistry
botany
astronomy
Nicholas Copernicus
occupied himself with
astronomy and
mathematics
he proved that the
Giordano Bruno
also advocated the
concept of
heliocentrism
he eventually came to
Galileo Galilei
sentences to be burned
for similar ideas
in the end he revoked his
beliefs
Galileo is believed to
have uttered these
words after he had
saved himself from
death :“…And yet, it
spins!“
he invented a 30x zoom
telescope
Fine Art
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search for beauty
loooking for some rules that would define
the ideal beauty
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the Italian cities became centers of art:
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Florence, Pisa, Venice a Rome
Florence
Sandro Botticelli
THE BIRTH OF VENUS
Tizian
the portrait of
Emperor
Charles V.
Michelangelo
Buonarotti
decorated the so-called
Sistine Chapel in
Vatican (Rome) with
frescoes