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“CAN MACHINES THINK?” What is the Turing Test? - Hypothetical test called the imitation game to determine if a machine has artificial intelligence. - Turing predicted that by 2000 it would be possible to fool an average interrogator with the probability of at least 30% Alan Turing, 1950 ARGUMENTS FOR THE TURING TEST Duck Criterion - “When I see a bird that walks like a duck and swims like a duck and quacks like a duck, I call that bird a duck.” -James Riley, Poet 2 Spooky 4 Me Theory - “…an intelligent machine might fail the Turing test because it may believe it is in its best interest not to show how intelligent it is.” -Virginia Savova and Leonid Peshkin, Harvard ARGUMENTS AGAINST THE TURING TEST The Turing Test has already been passed - Eugene Goostman Multiple Intelligence Tests are Needed - There are multiple types of intelligence - Non-human intelligence Thinking is a human activity - It does not make sense to attribute it to machines, even if they act intelligently. - Better Question: “Can Machines act intelligently?” Interrogators Fail the Test - Have mistaken humans for computers in past nnntests IF NOT THE TURING’S TEST, THEN WHAT?