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Can Computers Think? • Turing test: if a computer performs like a human being, it can be said to think John Searle (1932 - ) Alan Turing (1912-54) • Thinking or understanding involves more than following a program or manipulating symbols according to rules; it involves being aware of what following the program means or interpreting an intended action Is Artificial Intelligence Possible? • If computers were programmed in the same way humans are raised, their functional behavior might be intentional Bill Lycan (1945 - ) • Computers could be said to engage in intentional (thoughtful) behavior only if their use of language were holistic John Haugeland (e.g., able to handle ambiguity) and (1945 - ) meaningful/important to them