Download Civil War pre STAAR 2012

On Level: Complete the “KNOW and WANT”
boxes graphic organizer about the Civil War:
What do I
KNOW?
What do I
WANT to
know?
What have I
LEARNED?
The American Civil
War 1861-1865:
The Cliff’s Notes Version
LINCOLN IS ELECTED !
What party did Lincoln represent?
Republican
What was the main idea behind their party?
Anti-slavery (mainly no expansion)
How will the South react when Lincoln wins?
SECESSION
(withdrawal from the Union)
South Carolina was the 1st
The South forms the
Confederacy
=
South
=
Gray
=
CSA
Jefferson Davis
Confederate President
Jefferson Davis’ Inaugural Address
“As a necessity, not a choice we have
resorted to separation, and henceforth
our energies must be devoted to the
conducting of our own affairs, and
perpetuating the Confederacy we have
formed.”
“(the South) merely asserted a right
which the Declaration of Independence
defined to be inalienable.”
- Jefferson Davis
- Government is formed by the
consent of the governed
- It is the right of the people to alter
or abolish it
- Separation was a
“necessity, not a
choice”
- Wanted a peaceful
secession
necessity,
not a
choice
The North remains
the
Union
=
North
=
Blue
=
USA
Abraham Lincoln
President
Lincoln’s First Inaugural Address
- Assured the South that
he had no intention of
abolishing slavery
- Ended with an appeal
to friendship
not
enemies,
but friends
“ We are not enemies, but
friends. We must not be
enemies. Though passion may
have strained it must not break
our bonds of affection.”
- Abraham Lincoln
Views On Secession
South
North
• Believed union was
created by the states
Believed that the states DID
NOT have the right to
secede
• The states had the right to
leave the Union
=
STATES’ RIGHTS
The FEDERAL government,
not the state government
was SUPREME
North: 22 million people
VS.
South: 9 million
(3.5 million = slaves)
85% of factories were in
the North
North: 71% of railroad
mileage
VS.
South: 29% of railroad
mileage
ALL naval shipyards were
in the North
North: 92% of industrial
workers
VS.
South: 8% of industrial
workers
The North and South Before the War
NORTH
•
22 million people
•
•
More people to grow food and
work in factories
85% of factories were in the
North
•
Double the railroad mileage
•
All naval shipyards
•
Talented leader
•
•
Abraham Lincoln
Had to conquer a huge area of
land to bring South back in the
Union
SOUTH
•
9 million people
•
•
•
•
•
Few factories or means of
production
Fighting a defensive war at
home
Few railroads to move troops
and supplies
More talented generals
•
•
3.5 of those were slaves
Robert E. Lee
Short supply lines
Strengths and Weaknesses video
Start at 3:02 – 5:55
Strategies
SOUTH: Hoped to fight a
defensive war that North
would grow tried of
Hoped to use cotton to gain
foreign support
Oops: 1861 – European nations
had surplus cotton, did not want to
get involved in our war!
Strategies
NORTH: Pursued an
offensive strategy
based on Anaconda
Plan
Involved blockade of
Southern coastline &
gaining control of the
Mississippi River
“Squeeze the
South’s economy
like a giant
anaconda snake.”
Strategies of North and South
Start at 5:55 – 8:03
NO JUMP
START!
BE READY TO
GO WHEN THE
BELL RINGS!
Union Generals
George
McClellan
Antietam
Slow, too
cautious
Union Generals
Ambrose
Burnside
Too slow
Union Generals
General Joseph Hooker
Union disaster
Incompetent
Union Generals
George
Meade
Failed to finish
off Lee’s army
Would Lincoln
EVER find a
winner to
defeat Lee?
And the winner is .
...
General
Ulysses S. Grant
The Civil War Begins: Fort Sumter
 Lincoln had to decide what to do
with federal forts that remained in
the South
 Fort Sumter was in the harbor of
Charleston, SC
 They were running low on supplies
 If Lincoln resupplied it, he risked
war, but if he did not, he would be
giving in
• Confederacy attacks before the supplies
arrive
 The first shots of the Civil war were
fired on April 12, 1861
Fort Sumter video
:14 – 3:02
Battle of Bull Run
•
Place: Manassas, VA
•
Date: 7/21/1861
•
Casualties
•
•
•
Death total shocked
both sides. This war
would not easily be
won
•
U- 2,896
•
C- 1,982
Winner: Confederacy
First sizable engagement
of the war
Northern civilians who
rode out to see the battle
had to flee back to
Washington with panicked
Union troops
Video 8:49 – 11:20
•
Place: Sharpsburg, MD
•
Date: 9/17/1862
•
Casualties:
•
•
•
•
•
U- 12,401
•
C- 10,138
Winner: Union
Bloodiest day of the
war
Union victory forced Lee back
to the South
Gave Lincoln the good news he
needed to issue the
Emancipation Proclamation
(from a place of strength)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2zVxOqSsx3A
Battle of Antietam
Video -Antietam
34: 11 – 36:26
Emancipation Proclamation
•
September 23, 1862
•
Washington, D.C.
•
With victory at Antietam,
Lincoln announces that
on 1/1/63, all slaves in
the rebelling states are
free
•
•
Does not affect border
states
Forces European
nations to recognize that
choosing sides in the
Civil War is to take a
stand on slavery
Video: 36:26 – 37:07
38.19 – 40:18
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUVkXthLz4w
Today we will be using a Scavenger Hunt to complete
our final Civil War events! We will spend the first half of
class in the halls gathering information and the last half
in class reviewing. You will need a writing utensil and
your colored chart. You will be using anagrams to tell you
where to go next. The rules are below:
1. Each group must start at the classroom written on
their envelope.
2. After each event, the group must come check their
work with me.
3. If your work is approved, the “messenger” pulls the
next anagram clue.
4. This continues until you have reached all 6 rooms.
We only have 20 minutes! Work fast!
•
Place: Gettysburg, PA
•
Date: 7/1-3 1863
•
Casualties
•
U- 23,000+
•
C- 28,000+
•
Winner: Union
•
The turning point of the war
•
•
•
•
After his earlier success Lee invaded
the North again
After trying to break the Union lines
for two days he tries a frontal assault
on the entrenched Union forces
This fails and Lee retreats back to
Virginia
Never again would the South have a
chance to win the war or threaten
the North
Battle of
Gettysburg
Gettysburg Address
Dedication speech for National Cemetery
“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on
this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and
dedication to the proposition that all men are created equal.”
“…we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died
in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of
freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people,
for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”
- Abraham Lincoln
Battle of Vicksburg
•
Place: Vicksburg, Miss.
•
Date: 5/19-7/4/1863
•
Casualties:
•
•
•
•
•
U- 9,000+
C- 9,000+; 30,000
prisoners
Winner: Union
Union gained control of
the Mississippi River
Split the Confederacy in
two
Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address
•
•
•
Wanted to
avoid harsh
treatment of
the defeated
Wanted to
reunite the
country
Spoke about
slavery being
the cause of
the War
“With malice toward none; with charity
for all; . . .let us strive on to finish the
work we are in; to bind up the nation’s
wounds”
malice
toward
NONE!
Lee Surrenders at
Appomattox
•
Place: Appomattox, VA
•
Date: 4/9/1865
•
Casualties
•
•
U- 1,312
C- 8,200; 28,231 taken as
prisoner
•
Winner: Union
•
Lee surrenders to Grant
•
Ended the Civil War
•
When he surrendered he had
less than 10,000 soldiers left.
Lincoln’s
Assassination
• Lee surrenders on 4/9/1865
• Lincoln is shot on 4/14 – dies
on 4/15
• Shot by John Wilkes Booth- an
actor who considered Lincoln a
tyrant
• Had he lived, he was prepared
to forgive the South
• Hoped to work together as a
nation to achieve liberty, equality,
and Union
Discussion Questions
•
•
•
•
•
What effect will Lincoln’s death have
on reconstruction?
Why?
What is tyranny?
Was Booth correct to compare
Lincoln to a tyrant?
Why or why not?
Monitor vs. Merrimack
•
•
•
•
•
•
Date: March 1862
Place: Off Hampton
Roads, Virginia
(coastline)
Winner: Draw
First ironclad battle in
history
Ends in a draw as the
Merrimac withdraws
after daylong exchange
of fire
Union blockade of
South is maintained
21:51 – 23:16
Video
USS Monitor Officer Picture
USS Monitor Crew Picture
Notice the dents from cannon shells
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=DICi3uV9Tbo
Minie ball
Technology – 10 min