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Math 8th Vocabulary Quarter 3 Transformation- an operation on a geometric figure that produces a new figure called an image. There are several different types. Translation- a transformation of sliding an object or picture along a line segment Rotation- a transformation that turns an object around a fixed point Reflection- a transformation that flips a picture or object so that it becomes a mirror image of the preimage Dilation- a transformation that produces a similar figure of the pre-image by enlarging or reducing the size Congruent- two figures that have the same shape and size A’- known as “A prime” showing a new point from a transformed figure Similar- two figures that have the same shape but not the same size Pre-image- the original image Scale factor- the number used to enlarge or reduce a figure Exterior angles- is the angle between any side of a shape, and a line extended from the next side. Interior angles- is an angle inside a shape Alternate interior angles- the pairs of angles on opposite sides of the transversal but inside the two lines Angle-angle criterion- If two angles are congruent in a triangle, then the third must be as well and the triangles must be similar Vertical angles- are the angles opposite each other when two lines cross Supplementary- angles that add up to 180° Complementary- angles that add up to 90° Corresponding angles- The angles in matching corners Transversal- is a line that crosses at least two other lines Coefficient- the number in front of a variable Distributive property- Multiply the term in front of the parenthesis by each of the terms inside the parenthesis. Like terms- terms with the same variable raised to the same power Substitution- to replace one thing with another; in a formula, to replace variables with numerical values Function- a set of ordered pairs of numbers that are made up from a rule; x values may not repeat Vertical line test- in a function, a vertical line cannot pass through the graph more than once