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Bell Work Physical Science 2/6 1. List the four types of friction and Agenda: give an example of each. Make Unit 4 Review sure to use complete sentences. The acceleration due to gravity Learning Target: on Earth is 10 m/s2. Unit 4 Review 2. Find the weight in Newtons of a 4.2 kg object on Earth. 3. If an object on Earth weighs 5 N, what is its mass? 4. Find the distance and Homework/Important Dates: displacement if a person drives ○ Egg Drop Lab due their car 9 miles North and then Wednesday 2/8 12 miles West. 5. Jessica jogs on a path that is 25 ○ Unit 4 Extra Credit kilometers long to get to a park Wednesday 2/8 that is south of the jogging path. ○ Unit 4 Test on If it takes Jessica 2.5 hours then Wednesday 2/8 what is her velocity? due Study Review for Test on Wednesday ○Create a 5” x 3” flash card of notes – don’t forget to include formulas. ○Chapter 9 ○Section reviews 1-3, Pages 341, 347, & 355, ○Page 364, Big Ideas 1-3 – Read and check knowledge ○Page 365-367, 1-4, 6-9, 11-13, 15-17, 19, 20, 22-24, 1-7 ○Chapter 10 ○Section reviews 1-5, Pages 377, 388, 392, & 399 ○Page 406, Big Ideas 1-4 - Read and check knowledge ○Pages 407-409 except 15, 16 & 25 There is no #16! BINGO 6x6 Words must be written in pen, marker or crayon! Bell Work Physical Science 2/7 1. A driver starts his parked car Agenda: and within 5 seconds reaches Unit 4 Review a speed of 20 m/s, as he travels east. What is his acceleration? Learning Target: 2. List Newton’s Three Laws and Unit 4 Review give an example of each. 3. A falling object has a mass of 50 kg and a acceleration of 25 m/s2. What is the force it will Homework/Important Dates: hit the ground with? ○ Unit 4 Extra Credit due 4. A falling object has a mass of TOMORROW 1 kg and hits the ground with a force of 17 N. What was its ○ Unit 4 Test TOMORROW acceleration? ○ Egg Drop Lab due 5. What is the momentum of a Tomorrow 500 kg object traveling at 150 m/s? There is no #16! BINGO 6x6 Words must be written in pen, marker or crayon! Study Review for Test on Wednesday ○Create a 5” x 3” flash card of notes – don’t forget to include formulas. ○Chapter 9 ○Section reviews 1-3, Pages 341, 347, & 355, ○Page 364, Big Ideas 1-3 - Read ○Page 365-367, 1-4, 6-9, 11-13, 15-17, 19, 20, 22-24, 1-7 ○Chapter 10 ○Section reviews 1-5, Pages 377, 388, 392, & 399 ○Page 406, Big Ideas 1-4 - Read ○Pages 407-409 except 15, 16 & 25 Bell Work Write “No bell work today” Physical Science Agenda: Unit 4 Test Clear off your desk except : 1. Unit 4 Study Guide Learning Target: Unit 4 Test 2. A pencil 3. Egg drop 4. Extra Credit Homework/Important Dates: ○ None 2/8 Bell Work 1. Two identical objects are dropped from 10 m and 20 m. Which one will hit the ground with more energy? Why? 2. Two objects are dropped from 10 m. One masses 10 kg, and one masses 20 kg. Which one will hit the ground with more energy? Why? Physical Science 2/9 Agenda: Energy Notes KE and PE WS Learning Target: I can describe the concept of energy. I can calculate the KE and PE of an object. I can apply the law of conservation of energy. Homework/Important Dates: ○ Kinetic and Potential Energy WS due Thursday 2/16 Physical Science Notes Energy Work and Energy ○In physics, work is done when an object is caused to move a distance. ○Lifting a book or hitting a baseball are examples of work. ○The ability to do work or cause change is called energy. ○Wind can push leaves around, so it can do work, so it has energy. ○In the SI (metric) system, the unit for both work and energy is the joule. Kinetic Energy ○Kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion. ○Kinetic energy depends on the objects mass and speed. ○The larger the mass, the greater the energy. ○The faster the object is traveling, the greater the energy. Calculating Kinetic Energy K.E. = ½ mv2 ○The formula for kinetic energy is: Kinetic Energy 1 2 Mass (Velocity)2 ○Kinetic energy is measure in joules (if the mass is in kg and the velocity is in m/s). ○Looking at the formula, you can see: ○Doubling the mass will double the kinetic energy. ○Doubling the velocity will quadruple the kinetic energy, because velocity is squared in the equation. Calculating Kinetic Energy ○What is the kinetic energy of a 8 kg bowling ball traveling at 9 m/s? 1 2 Mass (Velocity) Kinetic Energy 2 1 2 8 kg (9 m/s) Kinetic Energy 2 Kinetic Energy 1 2 8 kg Kinetic Energy 1 2 648 joules Kinetic Energy 324 J 81 m2/s2 Potential Energy ○Potential energy is the stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object. ○Examples: ○A car parked at the top of the hill. ○If the car were pushed, it would gain kinetic energy. ○A coiled spring. ○If the spring was released it would gain kinetic energy. Types of Potential Energy ○There are two types of potential energy: ○Elastic potential energy ○Gravitational potential energy ○Elastic potential energy is the energy of objects that can be stretched or compressed. ○Examples: ○The bow of an archer. ○Spray paint. Gravitational Potential Energy ○Gravitational potential energy is related to an object’s height. ○An object’s gravitational energy depends on its weight and its height relative to a reference point. ○The formula for gravitational energy is: GPE Weight Height OR Acceleration due to gravity ○GPE is measured in joules. GPE Mass G.P.E. = Wh Or G.P.E. = mgh Height ○Gravitational potential energy is based on the weight and height of the object. Calculating GPE ○What is the gravitational potential energy of a 11,000 Newton car that is at the top of a 500 m hill? GPE Weight Height GPE 11,000 N GPE 5,500,000 Joules 500 m Calculating GPE ○What is the gravitational potential energy of a 2 kg bird that is flying at a height of 150 m? (g = 10 m/s2) GPE Mass GPE 2 kg GPE 3,000 J Acceleration due to gravity 10 m/s2 Height 150 m Mechanical Energy ○The mechanical energy of an object is its combined kinetic and potential energy. Kinetic Mechanical Energy energy ○To find the mechanical energy of an object, you should find the kinetic energy and the potential energy and then add them. ○To find the mechanical energy, you need to know the weight, mass, speed and height of the object. Potential energy Energy Transformations ○Any object that rises or falls experiences a change in its kinetic and gravitational potential energy. ○Imagine a juggler. ○As the oranges fall, the lose height and gain speed, so their potential energy is being changed into kinetic energy. ○As the oranges rise, they gain height and lose speed, so their kinetic energy is being changed into potential energy. Energy change in a pendulum ○A pendulum continuously transforms energy from kinetic to potential and back. ○At the highest points in its swing, it has all potential energy and no kinetic energy. ○At the lowest point, it has all kinetic energy and no potential energy. Law of Conservation of Energy ○The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another. ○When playing pool, the cue ball is shot at a stationary 2 ball. The cue ball has energy. ○When the cue ball hits the 2 ball, the energy transfers from the cue ball to the 2 ball, sending the 2 ball into motion. ○The cue ball loses energy because the energy it had has been transferred to the 2 ball, so the cue ball slows down. Physical Science Warm Ups: 1. Find the kinetic energy of a 10 kg object traveling at 5 m/s. 2. What is the potential energy of a 5 N object at a height of 50 m? 3. What is the potential energy of a 16 kg object at a height of 10 m on Earth? (g = 10m/s2) 2/10 Agenda: KE and PE WS Energy Foldable Learning Target: I can describe the concept of energy. I can calculate the KE and PE of an object. I can apply the law of conservation of energy. Homework/Important Dates: ○ Kinetic and Potential Energy WS due Thursday 2/16 ○ Energy Foldable Due Thursday 2/23 Top Law of Conservation of Energy Bottom Elastic Forces Gravity Transfer in Energy Height Friction Kinetic Energy cannot be created or destroyed Motion Heat Energy Weight Potential Formulas required for those circled in Green Definitions Pictures Work Energy Kinetic energy Potential energy Gravitational potential energy Elastic potential energy Mechanical energy Law of conservation of energy Joule Kinetic energy formula Gravitational potential energy formula