Download 37) What is the largest planet in the solar system?

Astronomy 101, Final
Review
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No notes, No books; You can use calculators
Constants that you may need to know:
c = 3 x 108 m/s
1 AU = 1.49 ×1011 meters
1 light year = 9.46 × 1015 meters
h = 6.626 x 10-34 J●s
G = 6.67 × 10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2
g = 9.8 m/s2
σ = 5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-4
mass of Earth = 5.97 × 1024 kg
mass of Moon = 7.35 x 1022 kg
radius of Earth = 6.38 × 106 m
1 nm = 1 x 10-9 meters
mass of Sun = 1.99 x 1030 kg
mass of Jupiter = 1.90 x 1027 kg
radius of Jupiter = 7.15 × 107 m
radius of Moon = 1.74 × 106 m
1) The Drake equation is used to …
A) Estimate how many possible planets in our solar system may have life
B) Estimate how many possible intelligent, communicating civilizations there
are in our galaxy.
C) Estimate how many possible intelligent, communicating civilizations there
are in our universe
D) Estimate how many possible organisms may have existed on Mars
E) Estimate the size of our solar system’s habitable zone
2) Where is life most likely to exist on Mars today?
A) Oceans on Mars
B) Subsurface of Mars
C).On the surface of Olympus Mons
D) On the surface of Valles Marineris
E) On the surface of Hellas Basin
3) Why is Europa thought to possibly harbor life?
A) It has an iron core
B) It has a magnetic field
C) It may have an ocean beneath its icy surface
D) It contains hematite on its surface
E) It contains iron on its surface
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
4) The most common type of meteorite to fall on Earth are called …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Ordinary chondrites
Carbonaceous chondrites
Eucrites
Pallasites
Howardites
5) The kinetic energy of a 100,000 kg asteroid travelling at 20 km/s is …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
2 x 107 Joules
2 x 1013 Joules
4 x 108 Joules
8 x 108 Joules
8 x 1016 Joules
6) Why is Halley’s Comet named after Edmond Halley?
A) He was the first person to see this comet
B) He predicted that this comet would first appear in 1756
C) He discovered that this comet that he observed in 1682 had previously
been observed in the sky in 1531 and 1607
D) He determined that this was a comet and not an asteroid
E) He determined that this comet would reappear every two hundred years
and when this comet reappeared in 1882, the comet was named after him
7) One goal of the Hayabusa Mission is to …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Return a sample of Mars
Return a sample of a comet
Return a sample of an asteroid
Return a sample of Venus
Return a sample of Mercury
8) Which of the Jovian planets have rings?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Only Jupiter and Saturn
Only Saturn
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
Only Saturn and Uranus
Only Saturn and Neptune
Astronomy 101, Final
9) Venus’ atmosphere is primarily …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
N2
CO2
O2
O3
Ar
10) Caloris Basin is the result of an impact on the planet …
A) Venus
B) Mars
C) Mercury
D) Earth
E) Jupiter
11) Which is a true statement about Phoenix?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Phoenix did not return any data back to Earth from Mars
Phoenix dug trenches on Mars to look for evidence of water
Phoenix was a rover on Mars
Phoenix was the first spacecraft to land on Mars
Phoenix was launched by Russia to Mars
12) Mars’ North Pole is composed primarily of …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Carbon dioxide with a coating of frozen nitrogen
Water ice with a coating of carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide with a coating of frozen argon
Frozen nitrogen with a coating of frozen lithium
Hematite with a coating of sulfates
13) ALH 84001 was thought to contain …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Evidence of ancient life on Mars
Evidence of ancient life on Venus
Evidence of oceans on Mars
Evidence of rivers on Mars
Evidence of oceans on Venus
Review
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
14) Which two spacecrafts or landers had the primary goal of studying Venus?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Venera 9 and Magellan
Mariner 10 and Viking 1
Messenger and Viking 2
Galileo and Viking 2
Voyager 1 and Mariner 10
15) What has destroyed many of the craters that formed on Venus’ surface?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The high atmospheric pressure
Volcanic activity
Erosion by water
Erosion by ice
The magnetic field of Venus
16) Put these planets in order from highest to lowest densities:
Highest  Lowest
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Mercury, Jupiter, Mars
Mercury, Mars, Jupiter
Mars, Mercury, Jupiter
Mars, Jupiter, Mercury
Jupiter, Mars, Mercury
17) Assume that 239U has a half-life of 23 minutes and decays into 239Np. You
initially start with 400 grams of pure 239U. How many grams of 239U will you
have in 92 minutes?
A) 25 grams
B) 50 grams
C) 75 grams
D) 100 grams
E) 12.5 grams
18) Approximately how old is the Solar System?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
3.6 billion years
6.8 billions year
13.7 billion years
4.6 billion years
5.7 billion years
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
19) Which gas is considered a greenhouse gas?
A) Xe
B) I
C) He
D) CO2
E) Ar
20) The two most abundant elements in the Sun are …
A) oxygen and carbon.
B) iron and hydrogen.
C) nitrogen and oxygen.
D) hydrogen and helium.
E) iron and helium.
21) Plate tectonics describes …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
the large scale motions of Earth's asthenosphere.
the large scale motions of Earth's lithosphere.
The convection in the Earth’s core
The capture of charged particles in the Van Allen Radiation belts
The formation of the Moon’s crust
22) The transit method discovers planets around other stars by …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Looking for decreases in the brightnesses of the stars
Looking for Doppler shifts of spectral lines
Looking for increases in the brightnesses of the stars
Looking for collisions between the planets and the stars
Looking for gamma-ray emissions from the planets
23) A large, dark, basaltic plain on Earth's Moon that was formed by an ancient
basaltic flood eruption and caused by an extremely large asteroid impact is an
example of a Lunar …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Highland
Mare
Estuary
Channel
Eclipse
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
24) Which of these objects could potentially produce the largest doppler shifts on the
spectral lines of a star?
A) A planet with the mass of Earth that is 10 AU from the star
B) A planet with the mass of Earth that is 1 AU from the star
C) A planet with the mass that is twenty times that of Jupiter that is 0.1 AU
from the star
D) A planet with a mass that is twenty-five times that of Jupiter that is 0.2 AU
from the star
E) A planet with a mass that is thirty times that of Jupiter that is 0.5 AU from
the star
25) What is the difference between a reflecting telescopes and a refracting telescope?
A) Reflecting telescopes can only measure radio waves while refracting
telescopes can only measure visible light.
B) Reflecting telescopes uses mirrors to form an image while a refracting
telescope uses a lens to form an image.
C) Reflecting telescopes always use three mirrors to form an image while
refracting telescopes always use two mirrors.
D) Refracting telescopes can only be used in space.
E) Reflecting telescopes uses a lens to form an image while a refracting
telescope uses mirrors to form an image.
26) Put these parts of the electromagnetic spectrum in order from lowest frequency to
highest frequency:
Lowest  Highest frequency
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Radio, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma-ray
Gamma-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, radio
Radio, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray, gamma-ray, infrared
Gamma-ray, X-ray, ultraviolet, visible, radio, infrared
Radio, X-ray, infrared, ultraviolet, visible, gamma-ray
27) Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest energy?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Gamma-ray
Ultraviolet light
X-ray
Radio waves
Infrared light
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
28) As the temperature decreases for an object, the peak of the black-body radiation
curve measured for the object moves to …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
lower intensities and longer wavelengths
higher intensities and shorter wavelengths
lower intensities and shorter wavelengths
higher intensities and longer wavelengths
does not change in intensity or in wavelength position
29) What is one advantage of putting a telescope on the Moon than on the Earth?
A) The Moon-based telescope will be easier to fix.
B) The Moon-based telescope will be closer to the objects it studies.
C) You do not have to worry about the distorting effects of Earth’s atmosphere
D) The Moon-based telescope will be cheaper to build.
E) Your telescope on the Moon will not be struck by charged particles.
30) Somebody says that a spectrum of a star appears redshifted. What is happening to
the star?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The star is getting hotter
The star is getting colder
The star is moving towards you.
The star is moving away from you
The star is getting larger
31) A star is 20 light years from Earth. The star is moved so it is 5 light years from
Earth. How will the apparent brightness of the star change?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
The apparent brightness will not change
The apparent brightness will become twice as bright.
The apparent brightness will become four times as bright
The apparent brightness will become eight times as bright.
The apparent brightness will become sixteen times as bright.
32) Isotopes of an element have different numbers of …
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Neutrons
Protons
Isotopes
Neurons
Neutrinos
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
33) The order of the planets from closest to farthest from the Sun is
A) Mars, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
B) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus
C) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
D) Mars, Venus, Earth, Mercury, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune
E) Venus, Mercury, Earth, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune
34) Which of these planets takes the shortest time to travel one full orbit around the
Sun?
A) Mars
B) Neptune
C) Earth
D) Venus
E) Uranus
35) A body takes 5 years to make one orbit around the Sun. What is the body’s semimajor axis?
A) 2.3 AU
B) 25 AU
C) 5 AU
D) 2.9 AU
E) 7.9 AU
36) The planet Mars never passes through which of these constellations as seen from
Earth?
A) Aries
B) Capricorn
C) Leo
D) Orion
E) Aquarius
37) What is the largest planet in the solar system?
A) Uranus
B) Saturn
C) Jupiter
D) Mars
E) Venus
Astronomy 101, Final
Review
38) The planets, the Earth, and the Sun all tend to fall in the same plane called …
A) perihelion.
B) aphelion.
C) the ecliptic.
D) celestial equator.
E) the umbra.
39) What is the difference between a star and a planet
A) Planets are bigger than stars.
B) Stars generate energy through nuclear fusion.
C) Planets generate energy through nuclear fusion.
D) Stars are composed primarily of iron.
E) Stars are composed primarily of silicon.
40) The Earth’s North Celestial Pole currently has approximately the same position
as …
A) Polaris in the sky.
B) Vega in the sky.
C) Betelgeuse in the sky.
D) the Moon in the sky.
E) the Sun in the sky.